بدعم من المعاهد الوطنية للصحة جوائز RO1 HL073087 ، جنرال موتورز 077185 ، 069589 وجنرال موتورز إلى CKS. ويؤيد أيضا العمل من خلال منحة مقدمة من برنامج الطب التجديدي للDHLRI. المؤلفون ممتنون للدعم التقني والمدخلات من أفراد السريرية التالية في جامعة ولاية أوهايو : الدكتور Sabyasachi.Biswas (مركز بالجروح الشامل) ، والدكتور أليسون Spiwak (تداول شعبة تكنولوجيا) ، جوزيف Agoston (شعبة الإعارة) ، توما Shives (شعبة الإعارة) ، جوزيف يوينغ (الهندسة الميكانيكية) ، سكوت كيلينجر (الهندسة الميكانيكية) ، وXiaoyin قه (الهندسة الكهربائية).

<ol>
	<li>Myers, D. E., Anderson, L. D., Seifert, R. P., Ortner, J. P., Cooper, C. E., Beilman, G. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Noninvasive+method+for+measuring+local+hemoglobin+oxygen+saturation+in+tissue+using+wide+gap+second+derivative+near-infrared+spectroscopy.">Noninvasive method for measuring local hemoglobin oxygen saturation in tissue using wide gap second derivative near-infrared spectroscopy.</a> J Biomed Opt. 10 (3), 034017-034017 (2005).</li><li>Jarm, T., Kragelj, R., Liebert, A., Lukasiewitz, P., Erjavec, T., Preseren-Strukelj, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Postocclusive+reactive+hyperemia+in+healthy+volunteers+and+patients+with+peripheral+vascular+disease+measured+by+three+noninvasive+methods.">Postocclusive reactive hyperemia in healthy volunteers and patients with peripheral vascular disease measured by three noninvasive methods.</a> Adv Exp Med Biol. 530, 661-669 (2003).</li><li>Treacher, D. F., Leach, R. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oxygen+transport-1.+Basic+principles.">Oxygen transport-1. Basic principles.</a> Bmj. 317 (7168), 1302-1306 (1998).</li><li>Leach, R. M., Treacher, D. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oxygen+transport-2.+Tissue+hypoxia.">Oxygen transport-2. Tissue hypoxia.</a> BMJ. 317 (7169), 1370-1373 (1998).</li><li>Sen, C. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Wound+healing+essentials:+let+there+be+oxygen.">Wound healing essentials: let there be oxygen.</a> Wound Repair Regen. 17 (1), 1-18 (2009).</li><li>RL, G. r. e. e. n. m. a. n., Panasyuk, S., Wang, X., TE, L. y. o. n. s., Dinh, T., Longoria, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Early+changes+in+the+skin+microcirculation+and+muscle+metabolism+of+the+diabetic+foot.">Early changes in the skin microcirculation and muscle metabolism of the diabetic foot.</a> Lancet. 366 (9498), 1711-1717 (2005).</li><li>Valvano, J. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> The use of thermal diffusivity to quantify tissue perfusion [dissertation]. , (1981).</li><li>Hassan, M., Togawa, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Observation+of+skin+thermal+inertia+distribution+during+reactive+hyperaemia+using+a+single-hood+measurement+system.">Observation of skin thermal inertia distribution during reactive hyperaemia using a single-hood measurement system.</a> Physiol Meas. 22 (1), 187-200 (2001).</li><li>Ley, O., Deshpande, C., Prapamcham, B., Naghavi, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lumped+parameter+thermal+model+for+the+study+of+vascular+reactivity+in+the+fingertip.">Lumped parameter thermal model for the study of vascular reactivity in the fingertip.</a> J Biomech Eng. 130 (3), 031012-031012 (2008).</li><li>Wilson, S. B., Spence, V. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamic+thermographic+imaging+method+for+quantifying+dermal+perfusion:+potential+and+limitations.">Dynamic thermographic imaging method for quantifying dermal perfusion: potential and limitations.</a> Med Biol Eng Comput. 27 (5), 496-501 (1989).</li></ol>

الإعلان عن أي تضارب في المصالح.

الأكسجين موجود في الأنسجة البيولوجية في أشكال متعددة مثل الهيموجلوبين الأوكسجين أو الميوجلوبين ملزمة ، الأوكسجين المذاب ، وأنواع الاكسجين التفاعلية. نقل الأكسجين تلعب دورا حاسما في الحفاظ على سلامة الأنسجة والعمليات الأيضية الطبيعية 3. سيكون لنقص الأكسجين الحاد خفيفة معتدلة بدء التكيف الأيضية ، وتنظيم الأوعية الدموية ، والاستجابات عائية 4. ونقص الأكسجين ونقص الأكسجة الشديد يؤدي الى عدم كفاية الأوعية الدموية وموت الخلايا. اختلال التوازن بين العرض محدود الأكسجين وزيادة الطلب على الأكسجين هو أحد العوامل المسببة للاضطرابات كبرى عديدة مثل الجروح المزمنة 5. في حالة الجروح الدماغية ، يقتصر امدادات الاوكسجين بسبب نقص التروية ، وغير قادرة على تلبية الحاجة الأيضية من عملية الشفاء والتضحية وظيفة الجهاز التنفسي انفجار تهدف الى مكافحة العدوى. تقييم المتزامن للأكسجة الأنسجة الجلدية وظيفة الأوعية الدموية والأهمية السريرية في مجال إدارة الجرح المزمن. تقنية التصوير الطيفي تقديرات الجلدي أكسجة الأنسجة المضيئة التي الأنسجة والكشف عن الانعكاس الأنسجة عند أطوال موجية مختلفة 6. ميزة واحدة من كبرى التصوير الطيفي هو غير الغازية وعدم الكشف عن خصائص الاتصال الأنسجة وظيفية. ومع ذلك ، يتأثر قياس الأوكسجين الموثوقية بالنسبة للعديد من أنظمة التصوير الطيفي حسب لون البشرة وغيرها من الاختلافات استيعاب الخلفية. وقد تم تطوير واسعة الطيف الفجوة المشتق الثاني سابقا لقياس أكسجة الأنسجة مع تأثير قليل للغاية من نثر وتصبغ البشرة 1. طبقنا مبدأ التحليل الطيفي المشتقة الثانية لتصوير متعددة الأطياف وبرهنت على قياس ثابت من الأوكسجين النسيج الجلدي مستقلة مع التغييرات محاكاة لون البشرة. وقد درست سابقا نضح الأنسجة من خلال قياس 7 الأنسجة الانتشارية الحرارية. وقد وضعت غطاء واحد وهناك طريقة لإدخال التحفيز الحراري والاستجابات الأنسجة صورة ديناميكية من أجل تقدير التوزيع نسيج الجلد الخمول الحراري 8. أظهرت التجارب على جلد الساعد الإنسان يتعرض لانسداد الشرايين الكفة علاقة خطية بين الجمود ونضح الدم الحرارية تقاس تصوير دوبلر الليزر قبل وأثناء انسداد تدفق الدم 8. كما تم استخدام نموذج bioheat جمعها لتقدير الوعائية طرف الاصبع خلال التفاعل انسداد وريدي تخطيط التحجم 9. على الرغم من الجهود المذكورة أعلاه ، نضح الدم الجلد قياس من قياسات درجة حرارة الجلد من الأمور الصعبة نظرا لعدم وجود حساسية ، والاعتماد على سماكة الدهون تحت الجلد ، وغيرها من العوامل التي تسهم مثل تضيق الأوعية ، توسع الأوعية ، والحركة الفنية 10. في هذا البروتوكول ، استخدمنا كاميرا الأشعة تحت الحمراء لالتقاط الحرارة ديناميات النسيج ردا على التحفيز الحراري في درجة حرارة الغرفة. تم اختيار التحفيز الحراري بحيث تم التقليل من تأثير توسع الأوعية وتضيق الأوعية. نماذج أخرى ، وقياس الجهود ضرورية من أجل تحديد وجود علاقة بين كمية موثوق بها مؤشر وظائف الاوعية الدموية وتروية أنسجة الجلد. في رقم 3 ، استخدمنا أفيني التحول للمهام التصنيع المشترك. ومع ذلك ، بالنظر إلى أن يتم وضع الكاميرات مع اثنين من زوايا مختلفة في الفضاء 3d ، فإنه يحتمل أن تكون أكثر دقة في تطبيق التحول المتصلة التحول 3D بين اثنين من كاميرات. حاليا نحن نبحث في هذا الاتجاه والتي تنطوي المعايرة خارجي من الكاميرات في الفضاء 3d باستخدام الهندسة epipolar.

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dual-mode imaging of cutaneous tissue oxygenation and vascular function

تقييم دقيق لأكسجة الأنسجة الجلدية وظيفة الأوعية الدموية من المهم للكشف عن المناسبة ، التدريج ، والعلاج من اضطرابات صحية عديدة مثل الجروح المزمنة. نحن تقرير وضع نظام التصوير ثنائي لتصوير الوضع غير الغازية وغير اتصال ، من الأوكسجين النسيج الجلدي وظيفة الأوعية الدموية. نظام التصوير بالأشعة تحت الحمراء المتكامل كاميرا ، كاميرا CCD ، مرشح الانضباطي الكريستال السائل وكثافة عالية من الألياف مصدر الضوء. كان مبرمجا واجهة من أجل السيطرة LABVIEW المعدات والتزامن والحصول على الصور ، وتجهيز ، والتصور. واستخدمت الصور المتعددة الأطياف الملتقطة بواسطة الكاميرا CCD لإعادة بناء الخريطة أكسجة الأنسجة. واستخدمت صور الحراري الديناميكي الملتقطة بواسطة الكاميرا بالأشعة تحت الحمراء لإعادة بناء الخريطة وظيفة الأوعية الدموية. وكانت الأنسجة الجلدية الأوكسجين والصور وظيفة الأوعية الدموية من خلال المشاركة في تسجيل علامات الائتمانية. تم اختبار خصائص أداء نظام مزدوج صورة الوضع في البشر.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Dual-mode Imaging of Cutaneous Tissue Oxygenation and Vascular Function at JoVE.com

Dual-mode Imaging of Cutaneous Tissue Oxygenation and Vascular Function

وقد تم وضع التصوير وضع نظام ثنائي لعدم الاتصال تقييم أكسجة الأنسجة الجلدية وظيفة الأوعية الدموية.

وضع مزدوج تصوير الأنسجة الجلدية الأكسجة وظيفة الأوعية الدموية

Accurate assessment of cutaneous tissue oxygenation and vascular function is important for appropriate detection, staging, and treatment of many health ...

dual-mode-imaging-cutaneous-tissue-oxygenation-vascular

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

16.4K Views.  The Ohio State University. وقد تم وضع التصوير وضع نظام ثنائي لعدم الاتصال تقييم أكسجة الأنسجة الجلدية وظيفة الأوعية الدموية.

Video: Dual-mode Imaging of Cutaneous Tissue Oxygenation and Vascular Function

Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Diaphragm Function

Function analysis of rodent respiratory skeletal muscles, particularly the diaphragm, is commonly performed by isolating muscle strips using invasive surgical procedures. Although this is an effective method of assessing in vitro diaphragm activity, it involves non-survival surgery. The application of non-invasive ultrasound imaging as an in vivo procedure is beneficial since it not only reduces the number of animals sacrificed, but is also suitable for monitoring disease progression in live mice. Thus, our ultrasound imaging method may likely assist in the development of novel therapies that alleviate muscle injury induced by various respiratory diseases. Particularly, in clinical diagnoses of obstructive lung diseases, ultrasound imaging has the potential to be used in conjunction with other standard tests to detect the early onset of diaphragm muscle fatigue. In the current protocol, we describe how to accurately evaluate diaphragm contractility in a mouse model using a diagnostic ultrasound imaging technique.

Diagnostic ultrasound imaging has proven to be effective in diagnosing various respiratory diseases in human and animal subjects. We demonstrate a comprehensive ultrasound protocol utilized by Dr. Zuo's lab to analyze diaphragm kinetics specifically in mouse models. This is also a non-invasive research technique which can provide quantitative information on mouse respiratory muscle function.

التشخيص بالموجات فوق الصوتية التصوير من ماوس الحجاب الحاجز وظيفة

Function analysis of rodent respiratory skeletal muscles, particularly the diaphragm, is commonly performed by isolating muscle strips using invasive ...

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population, and this is only partially explained by traditional CVD risk factors. Vascular dysfunction is an important non-traditional risk factor, characterized by vascular endothelial dysfunction (most commonly assessed as impaired endothelium-dependent dilation [EDD]) and stiffening of the large elastic arteries. While various techniques exist to assess EDD and large elastic artery stiffness, the most commonly used are brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMDBA) and aortic pulse-wave velocity (aPWV), respectively. Both of these noninvasive measures of vascular dysfunction are independent predictors of future cardiovascular events in patients with and without kidney disease. Patients with CKD demonstrate both impaired FMDBA, and increased aPWV. While the exact mechanisms by which vascular dysfunction develops in CKD are incompletely understood, increased oxidative stress and a subsequent reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability are important contributors. Cellular changes in oxidative stress can be assessed by collecting vascular endothelial cells from the antecubital vein and measuring protein expression of markers of oxidative stress using immunofluorescence. We provide here a discussion of these methods to measure FMDBA, aPWV, and vascular endothelial cell protein expression.

The degree of vascular dysfunction and contributing physiological mechanisms can be assessed in patients with chronic kidney disease by measuring brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, aortic pulse-wave velocity, and vascular endothelial cell protein expression.

تقييم وظيفة الأوعية الدموية في المرضى الذين يعانون من مرض الكلى المزمن

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population, and this ...

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Certain classes of chemotherapies may exert acute vascular changes that may progress into long-term conditions that may predispose the patient to an increased risk of vascular morbidity.&#160;Yet, albeit&#160;the mounting clinical evidence, there is a paucity of clear studies of vascular toxicity and therefore the etiology of a heterogeneous group of vascular/cardiovascular disorders remains to be elucidated. Moreover, the mechanism that may underlie vascular toxicity can completely differ from the principles of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, which is related to direct myocyte injury. We have established a real-time, in vivo molecular imaging platform&#160;to evaluate&#160;the potential&#160;acute&#160;vascular toxicity of anti-cancer therapies.
We have set up a platform of in vivo, high-resolution molecular imaging&#160;in mice,&#160;suitable for visualizing vasculature within confined organs and reference blood vessels within the same individuals whereas each individual serve as its own control. Blood vessel walls were impaired after doxorubicin administration, representing a unique mechanism of vascular toxicity that may be the early event in end-organ injury. Herein, the method of fibered confocal fluorescent microscopy (FCFM) based imaging is described, which provides an innovative mode to understand physiological phenomena at the cellular and sub-cellular levels in animal subjects.

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

We herein describe the method of fibered confocal fluorescent microscopy (FCFM) based imaging, which provides an innovative mode to understand physiological phenomena at the cellular and sub-cellular levels in animal subjects.

الناجم عن العلاج الكيميائي الأوعية الدموية سمية - في الوقت الحقيقي<em&gt; في الجسم الحي</em&gt; التصوير من سفينة انخفاض

Certain classes of chemotherapies may exert acute vascular changes that may progress into long-term conditions that may predispose the patient to an ...

A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology

The endothelium is the innermost lining of the vasculature and is involved in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Damage to the endothelium may predispose the vessel to atherosclerosis and increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. Assessments of peripheral endothelial function are good indicators of early abnormalities in the vascular wall and correlate well with assessments of coronary endothelial function. The present manuscript details the important methodological steps necessary for the assessment of microvascular endothelial function using laser Doppler imaging with iontophoresis, large vessel endothelial function using flow-mediated dilatation, and carotid atherosclerosis using carotid artery ultrasound. A discussion on the methodological considerations for each of the techniques is also presented, and recommendations are made for future research.

The present article describes the methodological considerations for several non-invasive assessments of vascular function and morphology that are commonly used in medical research to assess different stages of atherosclerosis.

مقاربة منهجية لتقييم غير الغازية الأوعية الدموية وظيفة ومورفولوجيا

The endothelium is the innermost lining of the vasculature and is involved in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis.  Damage to the endothelium may ...

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

An original piglet model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) associated with chronic Right Ventricular (RV) dysfunction is described. Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) was induced in 3-week-old piglets by a progressive obstruction of the pulmonary vascular bed. A ligation of the left Pulmonary Artery (PA) was performed first through a mini-thoracotomy. Second, weekly embolizations of the right lower pulmonary lobe were done under fluoroscopic guidance with n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate during 5 weeks. Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure (mPAP) measured by ritght heart catheterism, increased progressively, as well as Right Atrial pressure and Pulmonary Vascular Resistances (PVR) after 5 weeks compared to sham animals. Right Ventricular (RV) structural and functional remodeling were assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (RV diameters, RV wall thickness, RV systolic function). RV elastance and RV-pulmonary coupling were assessed by Pressure-Volume Loops (PVL) analysis with conductance method. Histologic study of the lung and the right ventricle were also performed. Molecular analyses on RV fresh tissues could be performed through repeated transcutaneous endomyocardial biopsies. Pulmonary microvascular disease in obstructed and unobstructed territories was studied from lung biopsies using molecular analyses and pathology. Furthermore, the reliability and the reproducibility was associated with a range of PH severity in animals. Most aspects of the human CTEPH disease were reproduced in this model, which allows new perspectives for the understanding of the underlying mechanisms (mitochondria, inflammation) and new therapeutic approaches (targeted, cellular or gene therapies) of the overloaded right ventricle but also pulmonary microvascular disease.

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Right Ventricular (RV) dysfunction were induced in piglets by progressive obstruction of the pulmonary arteries. Consequences were remarkably similar to those observed in CTEPH patients. This animal model would be a very useful tool for pathophysiology and therapeutic experiments on CTEPH and RV failure.

الانصمام الخثاري المزمن ارتفاع ضغط الدم الرئوي وتقييم الحق البطيني وظيفة في الخنزير الصغير

An original piglet model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) associated with chronic Right Ventricular (RV) dysfunction is described. ...

Visualization of Vascular and Parenchymal Regeneration after 70% Partial Hepatectomy in Normal Mice

A modified silicone injection procedure was used for visualization of the hepatic vascular tree. This procedure consisted of in-vivo injection of the silicone compound, via a 26 G catheter, into the portal or hepatic vein. After silicone injection, organs were explanted and prepared for ex-vivo micro-CT (&#181;CT) scanning. The silicone injection procedure is technically challenging. Achieving a successful outcome requires extensive microsurgical experience from the surgeon. One of the challenges of this procedure involves determining the adequate perfusion rate for the silicone compound. The perfusion rate for the silicone compound needs to be defined based on the hemodynamic of the vascular system of interest. Inappropriate perfusion rate can lead to an incomplete perfusion, artificial dilation and rupturing of vascular trees.
The 3D reconstruction of the vascular system was based on CT scans and was achieved using preclinical software such as HepaVision. The quality of the reconstructed vascular tree was directly related to the quality of silicone perfusion. Subsequently computed vascular parameters indicative of vascular growth, such as total vascular volume, were calculated based on the vascular reconstructions. Contrasting the vascular tree with silicone allowed for subsequent histological work-up of the specimen after &#181;CT scanning. The specimen can be subjected to serial sectioning, histological analysis and whole slide scanning, and thereafter to 3D reconstruction of the vascular trees based on histological images. This is the prerequisite for the detection of molecular events and their distribution with respect to the vascular tree. This modified silicone injection procedure can also be used to visualize and reconstruct the vascular systems of other organs. This technique has the potential to be extensively applied to studies concerning vascular anatomy and growth in various animal and disease models.

Tools used for visualizing vascular regeneration require methods for contrasting the vascular trees. This film demonstrated a delicate injection technique used to achieve optimal contrasting of the vascular trees and illustrate the potential benefits resulting from a detailed analysis of the resulting specimen using &#181;CT and histological serial sections.

التصور الأوعية الدموية ومتني التجديد بعد استئصال الكبد الجزئي 70٪ في الفئران العادية

A modified silicone injection procedure was used for visualization of the hepatic vascular tree. This procedure consisted of in-vivo injection of the ...

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Atherosclerotic plaques, consisting of lipid-laden macrophages and calcification, develop in the coronary arteries, aortic valve, aorta, and peripheral conduit arteries and are the hallmark of cardiovascular disease. In humans, imaging with computed tomography allows for the quantification of vascular calcification; the presence of vascular calcification is a strong predictor of future cardiovascular events. Development of novel therapies in cardiovascular disease relies critically on improving our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis. Advancing our knowledge of atherosclerotic mechanisms relies on murine and cell-based models. Here, a method for imaging aortic calcification and macrophage infiltration using two spectrally distinct near-infrared fluorescent imaging probes is detailed. Near-infrared fluorescent imaging allows for the ex vivo quantification of calcification and macrophage accumulation in the entire aorta and can be used to further our understanding of the mechanistic relationship between inflammation and calcification in atherosclerosis. Additionally, a method for isolating and culturing animal aortic vascular smooth muscle cells and a protocol for inducing calcification in cultured smooth muscle cells from either murine aortas or from human coronary arteries is described. This in vitro method of modeling vascular calcification can be used to identify and characterize the signaling pathways likely important for the development of vascular disease, in the hopes of discovering novel targets for therapy.

Vascular calcification is an important predictor of and contributor to human cardiovascular disease. This protocol describes methods for inducing calcification of cultured primary vascular smooth muscle cells and for quantifying calcification and macrophage burden in animal aortas using near-infrared fluorescence imaging.

تكلس الأوعية الدموية خلايا العضلات الملساء والتصوير من الأورطي تكلس والتهاب

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world.  Atherosclerotic plaques, consisting of lipid-laden macrophages and ...

Assessment of Human Adipose Tissue Microvascular Function Using Videomicroscopy

While obesity is closely linked to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disease, little is known about mechanisms that govern these processes. It is hypothesized that pro-atherogenic mediators released from fat tissues particularly in association with central/visceral adiposity may promote pathogenic vascular changes locally and systemically, and the notion that cardiovascular disease may be the consequence of adipose tissue dysfunction continues to evolve. Here, we describe a unique method of videomicroscopy that involves analysis of vasodilator and vasoconstrictor responses of intact small human arterioles removed from the adipose depot of living human subjects. Videomicroscopy is used to examine functional properties of isolated microvessels in response to pharmacological or physiological stimuli using a pressured system that mimics in vivo conditions. The technique is a useful approach to gain understanding of the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms that contribute to vascular dysfunction locally within the adipose tissue milieu. Moreover, abnormalities in the adipose tissue microvasculature have also been linked with systemic diseases. We applied this technique to examine depot-specific vascular responses in obese subjects. We assessed endothelium-dependent vasodilation to both increased flow and acetylcholine in adipose arterioles (50 - 350 &#181;m internal diameter, 2 - 3 mm in length) isolated from two different adipose depots during bariatric surgery from the same individual. We demonstrated that arterioles from visceral fat exhibit impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation compared to vessels isolated from the subcutaneous depot. The findings suggest that the visceral microenvironment is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction which may be relevant to clinical observation linking increased visceral adiposity to systemic disease mechanisms. The videomicroscopy technique can be used to examine vascular phenotypes from different fat depots as well as compare findings across individuals with different degrees of obesity and metabolic dysfunction. The method can also be used to examine vascular responses longitudinally in response to clinical interventions.

Videomicroscopy systems are used to examine functional properties of isolated adipose tissue arterioles in response to physiological and pharmacological stimuli. This technique can be used to examine microvascular phenotypes in different adipose tissue domains in obese humans.

تقييم الدالة Microvascular الأنسجة الدهنية البشرية باستخدام فيديوميكروسكوبي

While obesity is closely linked to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disease, little is known about mechanisms that govern these processes. ...

Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Exercise represents a major hemodynamic stress that demands a highly coordinated neurovascular response in order to match oxygen delivery to metabolic demand. Reactive hyperemia (in response to a brief period of tissue ischemia) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and provides important insight into vascular health and vasodilatory capacity. Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity is equally important in health and disease, as it determines the energy supply for myocellular processes. Here, we describe a simple, non-invasive approach using near-infrared spectroscopy to assess each of these major clinical endpoints (reactive hyperemia, neurovascular coupling, and muscle oxidative capacity) during a single clinic or laboratory visit. Unlike Doppler ultrasound, magnetic resonance images/spectroscopy, or invasive catheter-based flow measurements or muscle biopsies, our approach is less operator-dependent, low-cost, and completely non-invasive. Representative data from our lab taken together with summary data from previously published literature illustrate the utility of each of these end-points. Once this technique is mastered, application to clinical populations will provide important mechanistic insight into exercise intolerance and cardiovascular dysfunction.

Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with &#039;One Stop Shop&#039; Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Here, we describe a simple, non-invasive approach using near-infrared spectroscopy to assess reactive hyperemia, neurovascular coupling and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in a single clinic or laboratory visit.

اقتران نيوروفاسكولار الهيكل العظمى والعضلات والقدرات الأكسدة والدالة ميكروفاسكولار مع 'واحد وقف متجر' القريبة من الأشعة تحت الحمراء الطيفي

Exercise represents a major hemodynamic stress that demands a highly coordinated neurovascular response in order to match oxygen delivery to metabolic ...

Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Mouse

The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has increased substantially in recent years. ECMO has become a reliable and effective therapy for acute as well as end-stage lung diseases. With the increase in clinical demand and prolonged use of ECMO, procedural optimization and prevention of multi-organ damage are of critical importance. The aim of this protocol is to present a detailed technique of veno-venous ECMO in a non-intubated, spontaneously breathing mouse. This protocol demonstrates the technical design of the ECMO and surgical steps. This murine ECMO model will facilitate the study of pathophysiology related to ECMO (e.g., inflammation,bleeding and thromboembolic events). Due to the abundance of genetically modified mice, the molecular mechanisms involved in ECMO-related complications can also be dissected.

Here we present a protocol describing the technique of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in a non-intubated, spontaneously breathing mouse. This murine model of ECMO can be effectively implemented in experimental studies of acute and end-stage lung diseases.

مسد الوريدي الغشاء خارج الجسم الأوكسجين في الماوس

The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has increased substantially in recent years. ECMO has become a reliable and effective therapy for ...