gold-nanorod-assisted-optical-stimulation-of-neuronal-cells

Gold Nanorod-assisted Optical Stimulation of Neuronal Cells

Recent studies have demonstrated that nerves can be stimulated in a variety of ways by the transient heating associated with the absorption of infrared ...

Swinburne University of Technology

The usage of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in biological applications has risen significantly over the last 10 years. With the wide variety of chemical and biological functionalization available and their distinctive optical properties, Au NPs are currently used in a range of biological applications including sensing, labeling, drug delivery, and imaging applications. Among the available particles, gold nanorods (Au NRs) are particularly useful because their optical absorption can be tuned across the visible to near infrared region. Here, we present a novel application of Au NRs associated with low power laser exposure of NG108-15 neuronal cells. When cells were irradiated with a 780â€‰nm laser, the average number of neurons with neurites increased. A similar stimulatory effect was observed for cells that were cultured with poly-(4-styrenesulfonic acid)-coated and silica-coated Au NRs. Furthermore, when the NG108-15 cells were cultured with both bare and coated Au NRs and then irradiated with 1.2-7.5â€‰W/cm(2) at 780â€‰nm, they showed a neurite length increase of up to 25â€‰Âµm versus control. To the best of our knowledge, this effect has never been reported before. While the pathways of the stimulation is not yet clear, the data presented here demonstrates that it is linked to the absorption of light by the Au NRs. These initial results open up new opportunities for peripheral nerve regeneration treatments and for novel approaches to addressing central nervous system axons following spinal cord injury. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 2277-2291. Â© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Laser exposure of gold nanorods can increase neuronal cell outgrowth.

L&#39;utilisation de nanoparticules d&#39;or (Au NPs) dans les applications biologiques a augment&eacute; consid&eacute;rablement au cours des dix derni&egrave;res ann&eacute;es. Avec la grande vari&eacute;t&eacute; de fonctionnalisation chimique et biologique disponible et leurs propri&eacute;t&eacute;s optiques distinctes, Au NPs sont actuellement utilis&eacute;s dans une gamme d&#39;applications biologiques, y compris la d&eacute;tection, l&#39;&eacute;tiquetage, l&#39;administration de m&eacute;dicaments et les applications d&#39;imagerie. Parmi les particules disponibles, or nanotiges (Au NRs) sont particuli&egrave;rement utiles car leur absorption optique peut &ecirc;tre r&eacute;gl&eacute;e &agrave; travers le visible au proche infrarouge. Nous pr&eacute;sentons ici une nouvelle application de NRs UA li&eacute;s &agrave; l&#39;exposition de laser de faible puissance de cellules neuronales NG108-15. Quand les cellules irradi&eacute;es avec un laser &agrave; 780 nm, le nombre moyen de neurones avec des neurites a augment&eacute;. Un effet stimulant semblable a &eacute;t&eacute; observ&eacute; pour les cellules qui ont &eacute;t&eacute; cultiv&eacute;es avec poly-(acide 4-styrenesulfonic)-enduit et enrob&eacute;es de silice Au NRs. En outre, lorsque les cellules NG108-15 ont &eacute;t&eacute; cultiv&eacute;es avec tous les deux nus et enduits Au NRs et puis irradi&eacute; avec W/cm(2) 1.2-7,5 &agrave; 780 nm, ils ont montr&eacute; une augmentation de longueur de neurites jusqu&#39;&agrave; 25 &micro;m / contr&ocirc;le. Au meilleur de notre connaissance, cet effet n&#39;a jamais &eacute;t&eacute; signal&eacute; avant. Tandis que les voies de la stimulation n&#39;est pas encore clair, les donn&eacute;es pr&eacute;sent&eacute;es ici montrent qu&#39;il est li&eacute; &agrave; l&#39;absorption de lumi&egrave;re par l&#39;UA Enr. Ces premiers r&eacute;sultats ouvrent de nouvelles possibilit&eacute;s pour les traitements de r&eacute;g&eacute;n&eacute;ration des nerfs p&eacute;riph&eacute;riques et de nouvelles approches pour traiter des axones du syst&egrave;me nerveux central apr&egrave;s une blessure de la moelle &eacute;pini&egrave;re. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013 ; 110 : 2277-2291. &copy; 2013 Wiley p&eacute;riodiques, Inc.

Exposition de laser d&#39;or nanotiges peut accro&icirc;tre l&#39;excroissance des cellules neuronales.

L&#39;utilizzo di nanoparticelle d&#39;oro (Au NPs) in applicazioni biologiche &egrave; aumentata significativamente negli ultimi 10 anni. Con l&#39;ampia variet&agrave; di funzionalizzazione chimiche e biologiche disponibili e le loro propriet&agrave; ottiche distintivo, Au NPs sono attualmente utilizzati in una vasta gamma di applicazioni biologiche tra cui sensing, etichettatura, consegna della droga e le applicazioni di imaging. Tra le particelle disponibile, nanobastoni d&#39;oro (Au NRs) sono particolarmente utili perch&eacute; loro assorbimento ottico pu&ograve; essere regolato attraverso il visibile al vicino infrarosso regione. Qui, vi presentiamo un&#39;applicazione romanzo di NRs Au associati con l&#39;esposizione di laser di bassa potenza di NG108-15 cellule neuronali. Quando le cellule sono state irradiate con un laser a 780 nm, il numero medio di neuroni con neuriti aumentato. Un effetto stimolante simile &egrave; stato osservato per le cellule che sono state coltivate con poly-(acido 4-styrenesulfonic)-rivestiti e rivestiti silice Au NRs. Inoltre, quando le cellule di NG108-15 sono state coltivate con entrambi nudi e rivestiti Au NRs e poi irradiati con W/cm(2) 1.2-7,5 a 780 nm, hanno mostrato un aumento della lunghezza dei neuriti di fino a 25 &micro;m versus controllo. Al meglio delle nostre conoscenze, questo effetto non &egrave; stato segnalato mai prima. Mentre i percorsi di stimolazione non &egrave; ancora chiaro, i dati presentati qui dimostra che essa &egrave; legata all&#39;assorbimento della luce dalla NRs Au. Questi primi risultati aprono nuove opportunit&agrave; per i trattamenti di rigenerazione dei nervi periferici e per nuovi approcci all&#39;indirizzamento assoni del sistema nervoso centrale dopo la ferita del midollo spinale. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 2277-2291. &copy; 2013 Wiley periodici, Inc.

Esposizione laser di oro nanobastoni pu&ograve; aumentare escrescenza delle cellule neuronali.

Uncoated and poly(styrene sulphonate) (PSS)-coated gold nanorods were taken up by NG108-15 neuronal cells. Exposure to 780 nm laser light at the plasmon resonance wavelength of the gold nanorods was found to induce intracellular Ca(2+) transients. The higher Ca(2+) peaks were observed at lower laser doses, with the highest levels obtained at a radiant exposure of 0.33 J/cm(2) . In contrast, the cells without nanoparticles showed a consistently small response, independent of the laser dose. These initial results open up new opportunities for peripheral nerve regeneration treatments and for more efficient optical stimulation techniques. (Â© 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim).

Laser exposure of gold nanorods can induce intracellular calcium transients.

Enduits et poly(styrene sulphonate) (PSS)-enduits nanotiges or &eacute;taient absorb&eacute;s par les cellules neuronales NG108-15. Exposition &agrave; 780 nm laser lumi&egrave;re &agrave; la longueur d&#39;onde de r&eacute;sonance plasmon de la nanotiges en or a &eacute;t&eacute; trouv&eacute;e pour induire intracellulaires Ca(2+) transitoires. Les pics de Ca(2+) plus &eacute;lev&eacute;s ont &eacute;t&eacute; observ&eacute;s &agrave; des doses inf&eacute;rieures de laser, avec les niveaux les plus &eacute;lev&eacute;s obtenus &agrave; une exposition de 0.33 J/cm(2). En revanche, les cellules sans nanoparticules ont montr&eacute; une r&eacute;ponse toujours petite, ind&eacute;pendante de la dose de laser. Ces premiers r&eacute;sultats ouvrent de nouvelles possibilit&eacute;s pour les traitements de r&eacute;g&eacute;n&eacute;ration des nerfs p&eacute;riph&eacute;riques et de techniques de stimulation optique plus efficaces. (&copy; 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim).

Exposition de laser d&#39;or nanotiges peut induire des transitoires de calcium intracellulaire.

Recent research has demonstrated that nerves can be stimulated by transient heating associated with the absorption of infrared light by water in the tissue. There is a great deal of interest in using this technique in neural prostheses, due to the potential for increased localization of the stimulus and minimization of contact with the tissue. However, thermal modelling suggests that the full benefits of increased localization may be reduced by cumulative heating effects when multiple stimulus sites and/or high repetition rates are used.

Nanoparticle-enhanced infrared neural stimulation.

Gold nanoparticles are functionalized with epidermal growth factor (EGF) molecules and incubated with HeLa cells. These new complexes mechanically interfere with the activation of EGF receptors in a length-dependent manner. Protein-functionalized gold nanoparticles hold great potential for unveiling the fundamental characteristics of cell receptors and for future pharmacological studies on receptor targeting.

Inhibiting EGFR Clustering and Cell Proliferation with Gold Nanoparticles.

Gold nanorods have been employed as biolabels and in cancer cell therapy under laser illumination. On page 1638, C. Paviolo, J. W. M. Chon, and A. H. A. Clayton show that they can also perturb receptor and cell functions through mechanically blocking the receptor clustering. Gold nanoparticles are functionalized with epidermal growth factor (EGF) molecules and incubated with HeLa cells. These complexes mechanically interfere with the activation of EGF receptors in a length-dependent manner. Protein-functionalized gold nanoparticles hold great potential for unveiling the fundamental characteristics of cell receptors and for future pharmacological studies of receptor targeting.

Article	Year
Laser exposure of gold nanorods can increase neuronal cell outgrowth. Biotechnology and bioengineering\| PubMed ID: 23456616	2013
Laser exposure of gold nanorods can induce intracellular calcium transients. Journal of biophotonics\| PubMed ID: 23798060	2013
Nanoparticle-enhanced infrared neural stimulation. Journal of neural engineering\| PubMed ID: 25420074	2014
Inhibiting EGFR Clustering and Cell Proliferation with Gold Nanoparticles. Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)\| PubMed ID: 25504553	2015
Gold Nanoparticles: Inhibiting EGFR Clustering and Cell Proliferation with Gold Nanoparticles (Small 14/2015). Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)\| PubMed ID: 25846681	2015

Chiara Paviolo

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