Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Present work demonstrates the simple, chemical free, fast, and energy efficient method to produce reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) solution at RT using ...

Korea University

2-Bromobenzaldehydes react with arylhydrazines in toluene at 100 [degree]C in the presence of a catalytic amount of a palladium catalyst and phosphorus chelating ligands such as 1,1[prime or minute]-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene and 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane along with NaO-t-Bu to afford 1-aryl-1H-indazoles in good yields.

Facile palladium-catalysed synthesis of 1-aryl-1H-indazoles from 2-bromobenzaldehydes and arylhydrazines.

La formulazione commercialmente disponibile di amlodipina &egrave; coniugata con besylate sale per aumentare la solubilit&agrave; in acqua. Recentemente, una nuova formulazione di sale amlodipina &egrave; stata sviluppata in cui la base gratuita di amlodipina &egrave; coniugata con un Adipato di salata, chimicamente differente.

Risposte pressione arteriosa clinica a amlodipine due formulazioni sale, adipato e besilato, in pazienti adulti coreani con lieve o moderata Ipertensione: un confronto multicentrico, randomizzato, in doppio-cieco, parallelo-gruppo, 8 settimane.

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The commercially available formulation of amlodipine is conjugated with besylate salt to increase water solubility. Recently, a new amlodipine salt formulation has been developed in which the free base of amlodipine is conjugated with a chemically different salt, adipate.

Clinic blood pressure responses to two amlodipine salt formulations, adipate and besylate, in adult Korean patients with mild to moderate hypertension: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 8-week comparison.

La formulation disponible dans le commerce de l&#39;amlodipine est conjugu&eacute;e avec du sel de b&eacute;sylate d&#39;augmenter la solubilit&eacute; dans l&#39;eau. R&eacute;cemment, une nouvelle formulation sel de l&#39;amlodipine a &eacute;t&eacute; &eacute;labor&eacute;e, dans lequel la base libre de l&#39;amlodipine est conjugu&eacute;e avec un adipate de sel, chimiquement diff&eacute;rent.

Les r&eacute;ponses de la pression art&eacute;rielle clinique &agrave; amlodipine deux formulations de sel, l&#39;acide adipique et b&eacute;sylate, chez l&#39;adulte pr&eacute;sentant une l&eacute;g&egrave;re &agrave; mod&eacute;r&eacute;e hypertension cor&eacute;en : une comparaison multicentrique, randomis&eacute;e, en double-aveugle, groupes parall&egrave;les, 8 semaines.

Klinik Blutdruck Antworten auf zwei Amlodipin Salzformulierungen, Adipat und Besylat, bei erwachsenen koreanischen Patienten mit leichter bis mittelschwerer Hypertonie: eine multizentrische, randomisierte, doppelblinde, Parallelgruppen-, 8-Wochen-Vergleich.

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&#x30AF;&#x30EA;&#x30CB;&#x30C3;&#x30AF; 2 &#x30A2;&#x30E0;&#x30ED;&#x30B8;&#x30D4;&#x30F3;&#x5869;&#x88FD;&#x5264;&#x3001;&#x30A2;&#x30B8;&#x30D4;&#x30F3;&#x9178;&#x3001;&#x30A2;&#x30C8;&#x30E9;&#x30AF;&#x30EA;&#x30A6;&#x30E0;&#x30D9;&#x30B7;&#x30EB;&#x3001;&#x6210;&#x4EBA;&#x97D3;&#x56FD;&#x8EFD;&#x5EA6;&#x4E2D;&#x7A0B;&#x5EA6;&#x306E;&#x9AD8;&#x8840;&#x5727;&#x304B;&#x3089;&#x60A3;&#x8005;&#x306B;&#x304A;&#x3051;&#x308B;&#x8840;&#x5727;&#x53CD;&#x5FDC;: &#x591A;&#x65BD;&#x8A2D;&#x3001;&#x7121;&#x4F5C;&#x70BA;&#x5316;&#x3001;&#x4E8C;&#x91CD;&#x76F2;&#x691C;&#x3001;&#x30D1;&#x30E9;&#x30EC;&#x30EB; &#x30B0;&#x30EB;&#x30FC;&#x30D7;&#x3001;8 &#x9031;&#x306E;&#x6BD4;&#x8F03;&#x3002;

&#xC554; &#xB85C;&#xB514; &#xD540;&#xC758; &#xC0C1;&#xC6A9; &#xBC30;&#xD569; &#xBB3C; &#xC6A9; &#xD574;&#xB3C4; &#xB192;&#xC774;&#xAE30; &#xC704;&#xD574; &#xBCA0; &#xC18C;&#xAE08; &#xD65C;&#xC6A9;&#xC740;. &#xCD5C;&#xADFC;, &#xC0C8;&#xB85C;&#xC6B4; &#xC554; &#xB85C;&#xB514; &#xD540; &#xC18C;&#xAE08; &#xBC30;&#xD569; &#xC554; &#xB85C;&#xB514; &#xD540;&#xC758; &#xBB34;&#xB8CC; &#xC790;&#xB8CC; &#xD654;&#xD559;&#xC801;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xB2E4;&#xB978; &#xC18C;&#xAE08;, adipate&#xC640; &#xD65C;&#xC6A9;&#xC740; &#xAC1C;&#xBC1C; &#xB418;&#xC5C8;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.

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La formulaci&oacute;n comercialmente disponible de Amlodipina se conjuga con la sal de besilato para aumentar la solubilidad en agua. Recientemente, se ha desarrollado una nueva formulaci&oacute;n de sal amlodipino en el cual la base libre de Amlodipina se conjuga con un adipato de sal, qu&iacute;micamente diferente.

Las respuestas de la presi&oacute;n arterial cl&iacute;nica Amlodipina dos formulaciones sal, adipato y besilato, en pacientes adultos coreanos con hipertensi&oacute;n leve a moderada: una comparaci&oacute;n multic&eacute;ntrica, aleatorizada, doble ciego, grupos paralelos, 8 semanas.

Dramatic progress has been made over the recent decade in the applications of metallic nanoparticles in the field of biomolecule detection. The useful physical and chemical properties (e.g., availability of various synthetic methods of size- and shape-controlled nanoparticles, size- and shape-dependent optical properties, availability of various surface chemistries and biocompatibility) of metallic nanoparticles have brought development to the ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules at the attomolar level and this sensitivity enables the diagnosis of otherwise undetectable biomarkers of many fatal diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, coupled with the strong physical properties and biocompatible nature of gold nanoparticles in in vivo conditions, the scope of applications for these particles have been broadened into the field of in vivo imaging, such as X-ray contrasting agents, and also cellular tracking. Here, we review synthetic methods and optical properties of metallic nanoparticles and their use in ultrasensitive, in vitro and in vivo biodiagnostic methods.

Ultrasensitive optical biodiagnostic methods using metallic nanoparticles.

Here, we synthesized highly stable DNA-embedded Au/Ag core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) by a straightforward silver-staining of DNA-modified Au nanoparticles (AuNPs); unlike conventional DNA-surface modified NPs that present particle stability issues, DNA-embedded core-shell NPs offer an extraordinary stability with nanoscale controllability of silver shell thickness; these DNA-embedded core-shell NPs show excellent biorecognition properties and Ag shell-thickness-based optical properties, distinctively different from those of a mixture of AuNPs and AgNPs or Ag/Au alloy nanoparticles.

DNA-embedded Au/Ag core-shell nanoparticles.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based signal amplification and detection methods using plasmonic nanostructures have been widely investigated for imaging and sensing applications. However, SERS-based molecule detection strategies have not been practically useful because there is no straightforward method to synthesize and characterize highly sensitive SERS-active nanostructures with sufficiently high yield and efficiency, which results in an extremely low cross-section area in Raman sensing. Here, we report a high-yield synthetic method for SERS-active gold-silver core-shell nanodumbbells, where the gap between two nanoparticles and the Raman-dye position and environment can be engineered on the nanoscale. Atomic-force-microscope-correlated nano-Raman measurements of individual dumbbell structures demonstrate that Raman signals can be repeatedly detected from single-DNA-tethered nanodumbbells. These programmed nanostructure fabrication and single-DNA detection strategies open avenues for the high-yield synthesis of optically active smart nanoparticles and structurally reproducible nanostructure-based single-molecule detection and bioassays.

Nanogap-engineerable Raman-active nanodumbbells for single-molecule detection.

A gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric antibody structure and activity evaluation method is developed without using complicated and expensive instrumentation. In this assay, a minimum number of antibodies to stabilize nanoparticles are conjugated to gold nanoparticles to prepare minimally stable nanoparticle probes, and the addition of salt rapidly induced particle aggregation and a color change of the solution from red to blue (25-min assay time). It is found that the solution color change is affected by the degree of structural denaturation of antibodies, and the conformational change of antibodies affects the modification of antibodies to nanoparticles and particle stability. Importantly, the colorimetric method can be applied to different types of antibodies (IgG, IgA, and IgM) and it shows comparable or better structural sensitivity than conventional circular dichroism spectroscopy. Moreover, immunoassay results show that these structural changes of antibodies are highly correlated with their antigen-binding activities. Rapid particle aggregation and high structural sensitivity are achieved in this assay because particles are modified with a minimum number of antibodies to stabilize particles in solution. This nanoparticle-based colorimetric method could be useful in evaluating the structural and activity changes of an array of antibodies in an easy, rapid, and sensitive manner.

Minimally stable nanoparticle-based colorimetric assay for simple, rapid, and sensitive antibody structure and activity evaluation.

An ideal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanostructure for sensing and imaging applications should induce a high signal enhancement, generate a reproducible and uniform response, and should be easy to synthesize. Many SERS-active nanostructures have been investigated, but they suffer from poor reproducibility of the SERS-active sites, and the wide distribution of their enhancement factor values results in an unquantifiable SERS signal. Here, we show that DNA on gold nanoparticles facilitates the formation of well-defined gold nanobridged nanogap particles (Au-NNP) that generate a highly stable and reproducible SERS signal. The uniform and hollow gap (∼1 nm) between the gold core and gold shell can be precisely loaded with a quantifiable amount of Raman dyes. SERS signals generated by Au-NNPs showed a linear dependence on probe concentration (R(2) > 0.98) and were sensitive down to 10 fM concentrations. Single-particle nano-Raman mapping analysis revealed that >90% of Au-NNPs had enhancement factors greater than 1.0 × 10(8), which is sufficient for single-molecule detection, and the values were narrowly distributed between 1.0 × 10(8) and 5.0 × 10(9).

Highly uniform and reproducible surface-enhanced Raman scattering from DNA-tailorable nanoparticles with 1-nm interior gap.

&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x5F3A;&#x5927;&#x548C;&#x53EF;&#x91CD;&#x73B0;&#x8868;&#x9762;&#x589E;&#x5F3A;&#x7684;&#x62C9;&#x66FC;&#x6563;&#x5C04; &#xFF08;SERS&#xFF09; &#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x9762;&#x589E;&#x5F3A;&#x62C9;&#x66FC;&#x589E;&#x5F3A;&#x7CFB;&#x6570; (EF) &#x503C;&#x4ECE;&#x7535;&#x6D46;&#x5B50;&#x7EB3;&#x7C73;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x7A84;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x662F;&#x66F4;&#x597D;&#x5730;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x548C;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x5355;&#x5206;&#x5B50;&#x62C9;&#x66FC; (SMSERS) nanoprobes &#x7684;&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x65B9;&#x9762;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6709;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x548C;&#x5F7B;&#x5E95;&#x7684;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x5355;&#x5206;&#x5B50;&#x62C9;&#x66FC;&#x5F3A;&#x5EA6;&#x3001; EF &#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x8BB8;&#x591A;&#x9897;&#x7C92;&#x3001; &#x9897;&#x7C92;&#x7684;&#x8DDD;&#x79BB;&#x3001; &#x9897;&#x7C92;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;/&#x5F62;&#x72B6;/&#x7EC4;&#x6210;&#x53CA;&#x52B1;&#x78C1;&#x6FC0;&#x5149;&#x6CE2;&#x957F;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E7F;&#x6CDB;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x5355;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x529B;&#x663E;&#x5FAE;&#x955C;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x62C9;&#x66FC;&#x6D4B;&#x91CF;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x5355; DNA &#x6813;&#x91D1;&#x94F6;&#x7684;&#x6838;&#x58F3; nanodumbbell (GSND) &#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x4E0E; engineerable nanogap-GSND-&#x6211;&#x4E0E;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x9897;&#x7C92; nanogaps ~4.8 nm &#x5230;&#x4ECE; &lt; 1 nm &#x6216;&#x4E0E;&#x65E0;&#x95F4;&#x9699;&#x548C; GSND-&#x2171; &#x4E0E;&#x56FA;&#x5B9A;&#x9897;&#x7C92;&#x95F4;&#x9699;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x548C; GSND &#x4E8C;&#x3001; &#x9897;&#x7C92;&#x7269;&#x4E00; 23 nm 30 nm &#x5BF9;&#x4E00; 50 nm 60 nm &#x5BF9;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x7C92;&#x5F84;&#x3002;&#x4ECE; GSND-&#x6211;&#x63A2;&#x6D4B;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5B66;&#x5230;&#x8BE5;&#x5408;&#x6210; &lt; 1 nm &#x5DEE;&#x8DDD;&#x662F;&#x4EE5;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x7A84;&#x7684; EF &#x503C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x7684;&#x5F3A; SMSERS &#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x7684;&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x3002;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x5728; GSND &#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;-&#x6211;&#x4E0E; &lt; 1 &#x7EB3;&#x7C73;&#x9897;&#x7C92;&#x95F4;&#x9699;&#xFF0C;&#x9AD8;&#x8FBE; 5.9 &times; 1013&#x5E74; EF &#x503C; (&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x4EF7;&#x503C; = 1.8 &times; 1013&#x5E74;) &#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x548C;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x7684; EF &#x503C;&#x72ED;&#x4E49;&#x6D3E; 1.9 &times; 1012&#x5E74;&#x81F3; 5.9 &times; 1013&#x5E74;&#x3002; GSND &#x4E8C;&#x63A2;&#x9488;&#xFF0C;&#x7ED3;&#x5408;&#x5728; &gt; 50 nm &#x975E;&#x76DF;&#x82AF;&#x548C;&#x94F6;&#x5916;&#x58F3;&#x5339;&#x914D;&#x7684; 514.5 nm &#x6FC0;&#x5149;&#x6CE2;&#x957F;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x66F4;&#x5F3A;&#x7684; SMSERS &#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x66F4;&#x7A84;&#x7684; EF &#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x6BD4; &lt; 50 nm &#x975E;&#x76DF;&#x82AF; 514.5 nm &#x6FC0;&#x5149;&#x6216; GSND &#x4E8C;&#x3001; &#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x4E0E; 632.8 nm &#x6FC0;&#x5149;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x7684;&#x6709;&#x7528;&#x6027;&#x548C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B; GSND &#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x7684;&#x7075;&#x6D3B;&#x6027;&#x4E2D;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x548C;&#x83B7;&#x5F97; SMSERS &#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x9AD8;&#x7684; EF &#x503C;&#x548C; GSNDs &#x7684;&#x7A84;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x662F;&#x6709;&#x524D;&#x9014;&#x8868;&#x9762;&#x589E;&#x5F3A;&#x62C9;&#x66FC;&#x5149;&#x8C31;&#x63A2;&#x9488;&#x4EE5;&#x6700;&#x4F73;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5728;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x9AD8;&#x5EA6;&#x654F;&#x611F;&#x548C;&#x5B9A;&#x91CF;&#x68C0;&#x6D4B;&#x80FD;&#x529B;&#x3002;

&#x4F18;&#x5316;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x9650;&#x5EA6;&#x5730;&#x4ECE; DNA &#x6813; Nanodumbbells &#x5355;&#x5206;&#x5B50;&#x8868;&#x9762;&#x589E;&#x5F3A;&#x62C9;&#x66FC;&#x6563;&#x5C04;&#x3002;

Obtaining a strong and reproducible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal with a narrow distribution of the high SERS enhancement factor (EF) values from the plasmonic nanostructures is critical for better understanding and practical use of the single-molecule SERS (SMSERS) nanoprobes. In this regard, the systematic and thorough studies about the relationships between single-molecule SERS intensity, EF distribution over many particles, inter-particle distance, particle size/shape/composition and excitation laser wavelength are needed. Here, we extensively studied these relationships using the single-particle AFM-correlated Raman measurement method with two different single-DNA-tethered Au-Ag core-shell nanodumbbell (GSND) designs with engineerable nanogap - the GSND-I with various inter-particle nanogaps from ~4.8 nm to <1 nm or with no gap and the GSND-II with the fixed inter-particle gap size and varying particle size for various size of GSND-II particles from a 23 nm-30 nm pair to a 50 nm-60 nm pair. From the GSND-I probes, we learned that synthesizing <1 nm gap is a key to obtain strong SMSERS signals with a narrow EF value distribution. Importantly, in the case of the GSND-I with <1 nm inter-particle gap, an EF value of as high as 5.9Ã—1013 (average value = 1.8Ã—1013) was obtained and the EF values of analyzed particles were narrowly distributed between 1.9Ã—1012 and 5.9Ã—1013. In the case of the GSND-II probes, a combination of >50 nm Au cores and 514.5 nm laser wavelength that matches well with Ag shell generated stronger SMSERS signals with a more narrow EF distribution than <50 nm Au cores with 514.5 nm laser or the GSND-II structures with 632.8 nm laser. Our results show the usefulness and flexibility of these GSND structures in studying and obtaining SMSERS structures with a narrow distribution of high EF values and the GSNDs are promising SERS probes with highly sensitive and quantitative detection capability when optimally designed.

Tuning and Maximizing the Single-Molecule Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering from DNA-Tethered Nanodumbbells.

Obtenir un Raman exalt&eacute;e de surface &agrave; ciel ouvert fort et reproductible signal de diffusion (SERS) distribu&eacute;s &agrave; des valeurs &eacute;lev&eacute;es de facteur (EF) am&eacute;lioration de SERS depuis les nanostructures plasmoniques &eacute;troite est essentielle pour une meilleure compr&eacute;hension et une utilisation pratique de la mol&eacute;cule unique SERS (SMSERS) NANOSONDES. &Agrave; cet &eacute;gard, les &eacute;tudes de syst&eacute;matiques et approfondies sur les relations entre l&#39;intensit&eacute; SERS de mol&eacute;cules simples, distribution EF au fil de nombreuses particules, distance m&eacute;soscopique, particule taille/forme/composition et excitation laser longueur d&#39;onde sont n&eacute;cessaires. Ici, nous avons &eacute;tudi&eacute; intensivement ces relations &agrave; l&#39;aide de la m&eacute;thode de mesure de corr&eacute;lation AFM Raman particule avec deux single-ADN-attach&eacute; Au-Ag nanodumbbell coeur-&eacute;corce (GSND) versions avec engineerable nanogap - la GSND-j&#39;avec divers nanogaps m&eacute;soscopique de ~4.8 nm &agrave; &lt; 1 nm ou avec aucun &eacute;cart et le GSND-II avec la taille de l&#39;&eacute;cart entre fixe et la granulom&eacute;trie variable pour diff&eacute;rentes tailles de particules GSND-II d&#39;une paire de 23 nm &agrave; 30 nm &agrave; une paire de nm nm-60 50. De la GSND-j&#39;ai des sondes, nous avons appris cette synth&egrave;se &lt; 1 &eacute;cart de nm est une cl&eacute; pour obtenir des signaux forts de SMSERS avec une distribution de valeur EF &eacute;troite. Ce qui est important, dans le cas de la GSND-j&#39;avec &lt; 1 &eacute;cart d&#39;interparticulaires nm, une valeur aussi &eacute;lev&eacute;e que 5,9 &times; 1013 EF (valeur moyenne = 1,8 &times; 1013) a &eacute;t&eacute; obtenue et les valeurs EF de particules analys&eacute;es &eacute;taient &eacute;troitement distribu&eacute;es entre 1,9 &times; 1012 et 5,9 &times; 1013. dans le cas des sondes GSND-II, une combinaison de &gt; 50 carottes d&#39;UA nm et 514,5 nm laser longueur d&#39;onde qui correspond bien avec shell Ag g&eacute;n&eacute;r&eacute; plus forts signaux SMSERS avec une distribution EF plus &eacute;troite que &lt; 50 nm Au c&oelig;urs 514,5 nm laser ou les structures GSND-II avec 632.8 nm laser. Nos r&eacute;sultats montrent l&#39;utilit&eacute; et la souplesse de ces structures GSND dans l&#39;&eacute;tude et des structures SMSERS pour obtenir une distribution &eacute;troite des valeurs &eacute;lev&eacute;es de EF et les GSNDs sont prometteurs SERS sondes avec capacit&eacute; de d&eacute;tection tr&egrave;s sensible et quantitative lorsque optimale.

Tuning et maximisant la diffusion Raman exalt&eacute;e de Surface de simple-mol&eacute;cule d&#39;ADN-attach&eacute; Nanodumbbells.

Erlangung einer starken und reproduzierbare Surface enhanced Raman, die Streuung (SERS) Signal mit einer engen Verteilung der hohen SERS Verst&auml;rkung Faktor (EF) Werte aus der plasmonic Nanostrukturen f&uuml;r besseres Verst&auml;ndnis und praktische Nutzung der Einzelmolek&uuml;l-SERS (SMSERS) Nanoprobes von entscheidender Bedeutung ist. In diesem Zusammenhang werden die systematischen und gr&uuml;ndlichen Studien &uuml;ber die Beziehungen zwischen Einzelmolek&uuml;l-SERS Intensit&auml;t, EF-Verteilung &uuml;ber viele Teilchen, inter-particle Entfernung, Partikel Gr&ouml;&szlig;e/Form/Komposition und Erregung Laser Wellenl&auml;nge ben&ouml;tigt. Hier haben wir ausgiebig studiert diese Beziehungen, der mit das Einzel-Partikel AFM korrelierte Raman-Messmethode mit zwei Einzel-DNA-gefesselte Au-Ag Core-Shell-Nanodumbbell (GSND) Ausf&uuml;hrungen mit engineerable Nanogap - die GSND-I mit verschiedenen inter-particle Nanogaps von ~4.8 nm bis &lt; 1 nm oder mit keine L&uuml;cke und dem GSND-II mit festen inter-particle L&uuml;cke Gr&ouml;&szlig;e und unterschiedlicher Korngr&ouml;&szlig;e f&uuml;r verschiedene Gr&ouml;&szlig;e der GSND-II Teilchen aus einem 23 nm-30 nm-Paar mit einem 50-nm-60 nm-Paar. Aus der GSND-ich-Sonden, haben wir gelernt, dass Synthese &lt; 1 nm-L&uuml;cke ist ein Schl&uuml;ssel zu starke SMSERS-Signale mit einer engen Verteilung der EF Wert zu erhalten. Wichtig ist, bei der GSND-I mit &lt; 1 nm inter-particle Gap, einem EF-wert von bis zu 5,9 &times; 1013 (mittelwert = 1,8 &times; 1013) erworben wurde und die EF-werte der untersuchten teilchen waren eng zwischen 1,9 &times; 1012 und 5,9 &times; 1013. bei der GSND-II-sonden, eine kombination aus &gt; 50 nm Au Kerne und 514,5 nm-Laser-Wellenl&auml;nge, die gut mit Ag-Shell entspricht erzeugt st&auml;rkere SMSERS Signale mit einer engeren EF-Verbreitung als &lt; 50 nm Au Kerne mit 514,5 nm Laser oder die GSND-II-Strukturen mit 632,8 nm Laser. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen die N&uuml;tzlichkeit und die Flexibilit&auml;t dieser GSND-Strukturen in Studium und Beschaffung SMSERS Strukturen mit einer engen Verteilung hoher EF-Werte und die GSNDs sind viel versprechend SERS-Sonden mit hochempfindliche und quantitative Detektionsverm&ouml;gen wenn optimal ausgelegt.

Tuning und Maximierung der Einzelmolek&uuml;l-Surface Enhanced Raman-Streuung durch DNA-gefesselte Nanodumbbells.

Ottenendo un forte e riproducibile superficie-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) segnale con una stretta distribuzione dei SERS alti valorizzazione factor (EF) valori dalle nanostrutture plasmoniche &egrave; critica per la migliore comprensione e utilizzo pratico di nanoprobes di SERS (SMSERS) della singola molecola. A questo proposito, sono necessari gli studi sistematici e approfonditi sui rapporti tra singola molecola SERS intensit&agrave;, distribuzione EF sopra molte particelle, distanza interparticellare, particella dimensione/forma/composizione ed eccitazione laser lunghezza d&#39;onda. Qui, abbiamo studiato estesamente questi rapporti utilizzando il metodo di misurazione correlate AFM Raman particella singola con due singolo-DNA-tethered Au-Ag nanodumbbell core-shell (GSND) disegni differenti con engineerable nanogap - i GSND-I con vari interparticellare nanogaps da ~4.8 nm a &lt; 1 nm o con nessun gap e la GSND-II con la dimensione fissa distanza interparticellare e varia granulometria per le varie dimensioni delle particelle GSND-II da una coppia di 23 nm a 30 nm a una coppia di 50 nm-60 nm. Dal GSND-io sonde, abbiamo imparato che sintetizzano &lt; 1 nm gap &egrave; una chiave per ottenere forti segnali di SMSERS con una stretta distribuzione valore EF. Importante, nel caso il GSND-I con &lt; 1 distanza interparticellare nm, un valore di EF di alto come 5,9 &times; 1013 (valore medio = 1,8 &times; 1013) &egrave; stato ottenuto e i valori EF delle particelle analizzate sono stati distribuiti stretto tra 1,9 &times; 1012 e 5,9 &times; 1013. nel caso di sonde GSND-II, una combinazione di &amp;gt; 50 nm Au core e 514.5 onda laser nm che corrisponde bene con shell Ag generato forti segnali SMSERS con una distribuzione di EF pi&ugrave; stretta rispetto &lt; 50 nm Au core 514.5 nm laser o le strutture GSND-II con laser a 632.8 nm. I nostri risultati mostrano l&#39;utilit&agrave; e la flessibilit&agrave; di queste strutture GSND nello studio e ottenere strutture SMSERS con una stretta distribuzione di elevati valori EF e il GSNDs sono promettenti SERS sonde con capacit&agrave; di rilevazione altamente sensibile e quantitativa quando ottimamente progettato.

Tuning e massimizzando la molecola singola superficie-Enhanced Raman Scattering da DNA legato Nanodumbbells.

&#x72ED;&#x3044;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x9AD8; SERS &#x5897;&#x5F37;&#x8981;&#x56E0; (EF) &#x5024;&#x30D7;&#x30E9;&#x30BA;&#x30E2;&#x30CB;&#x30C3;&#x30AF; &#x30CA;&#x30CE;&#x69CB;&#x9020;&#x304B;&#x3089;&#x306E;&#x6563;&#x4E71; &#xFF08;SERS&#xFF09; &#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x304C;&#x3088;&#x308A;&#x826F;&#x3044;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x3068;&#x5358;&#x4E00;&#x5206;&#x5B50;&#x306E;&#x8868;&#x9762;&#x5897;&#x5F37;&#x30E9;&#x30DE;&#x30F3;&#x6563;&#x4E71; (SMSERS) &#x30CA;&#x30CE;&#x30D7;&#x30ED;&#x30FC;&#x30D6;&#x306E;&#x5B9F;&#x7528;&#x5316;&#x304C;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x3067;&#x3059;&#x5F37;&#x529B;&#x304B;&#x3064;&#x518D;&#x73FE;&#x6027;&#x306E;&#x3042;&#x308B;&#x8868;&#x9762;&#x5897;&#x5F37;&#x30E9;&#x30DE;&#x30F3;&#x306E;&#x53D6;&#x5F97;&#x3002;&#x3053;&#x306E;&#x70B9;&#x306F;&#x3001;&#x5358;&#x4E00;&#x5206;&#x5B50;&#x306E;&#x8868;&#x9762;&#x5897;&#x5F37;&#x30E9;&#x30DE;&#x30F3;&#x6563;&#x4E71;&#x5F37;&#x5EA6;&#x3001;&#x591A;&#x304F;&#x306E;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x3001;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x9593;&#x8DDD;&#x96E2;&#x3001;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x306E;&#x30B5;&#x30A4;&#x30BA;&#x3001;&#x5F62;&#x72B6;&#x3001;&#x7D44;&#x6210;&#x304A;&#x3088;&#x3073;&#x52B1;&#x8D77;&#x30EC;&#x30FC;&#x30B6;&#x30FC;&#x306E;&#x6CE2;&#x9577;&#x306B;&#x308F;&#x305F;&#x308B; EF &#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x306E;&#x95A2;&#x4FC2;&#x306B;&#x3064;&#x3044;&#x3066;&#x306E;&#x4F53;&#x7CFB;&#x7684;&#x304B;&#x3064;&#x5FB9;&#x5E95;&#x7684;&#x306A;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x304C;&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x3067;&#x3059;&#x3002;&#x3053;&#x3053;&#x3067;&#x306F;&#x3001;&#x6211;&#x3005; &#x306F;&#x5E83;&#x304F;&#x3053;&#x308C;&#x3089;&#x306E;&#x95A2;&#x4FC2;&#x3092; 2 &#x3064;&#x7570;&#x306A;&#x308B;&#x5358;&#x4E00; DNA &#x30C6;&#x30B6;&#x30FC; Au Ag &#x306E;&#x30B3;&#x30A2;-&#x30B7;&#x30A7;&#x30EB; nanodumbbell (GSND) &#x30C7;&#x30B6;&#x30A4;&#x30F3;&#x3053;&#x3068;&#x30CA;&#x30CE;&#x30AE;&#x30E3;&#x30C3;&#x30D7;-&#x3001;GSND &#x5358;&#x4E00;&#x7C92;&#x5B50; AFM &#x76F8;&#x95A2;&#x30E9;&#x30DE;&#x30F3;&#x6E2C;&#x5B9A;&#x6CD5;&#x3092;&#x7528;&#x3044;&#x305F;&#x7814;&#x7A76;-&#x79C1;&#x306F; ~4.8 nm &#x304B;&#x3089;&#x69D8;&#x3005; &#x306A;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x9593;&#x30CA;&#x30CE;&#x30AE;&#x30E3;&#x30C3;&#x30D7;&#x3092; &lt; 1 nm &#x307E;&#x305F;&#x306F;&#x306A;&#x3044;&#x30AE;&#x30E3;&#x30C3;&#x30D7;&#x3068;&#x56FA;&#x5B9A;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x9593;&#x30AE;&#x30E3;&#x30C3;&#x30D7; &#x30B5;&#x30A4;&#x30BA;&#x3068;&#x3055;&#x307E;&#x3056;&#x307E;&#x306A;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x30B5;&#x30A4;&#x30BA; 50 nm 60 nm &#x30DA;&#x30A2;&#x306B; GSND II &#x7C92;&#x5B50; 23 nm 30 nm &#x30DA;&#x30A2;&#x304B;&#x3089;&#x306E;&#x69D8;&#x3005; &#x306A;&#x30B5;&#x30A4;&#x30BA;&#x306E; GSND II &#x3092;&#x6301;&#x3064;&#x3002;GSND &#x304B;&#x3089;-&#x79C1;&#x306F;&#x30D7;&#x30ED;&#x30FC;&#x30D6;&#x3092;&#x6211;&#x3005; &#x306F;&#x305D;&#x306E;&#x5408;&#x6210;&#x3092;&#x5B66;&#x3093;&#x3060; &lt; 1 nm &#x30AE;&#x30E3;&#x30C3;&#x30D7;&#x3067;&#x3059;&#x5F37;&#x3044; SMSERS &#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x3092;&#x72ED;&#x3044; EF &#x5024;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x3092;&#x53D6;&#x5F97;&#x3059;&#x308B;&#x30AD;&#x30FC;&#x3002;GSND &#x306E;&#x5834;&#x5408;&#x306B;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x306A;&#x306F;&#x3001;-&#x79C1;&#x304C; &lt; 1 nm &#x306E;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x9593;&#x306E;&#x30AE;&#x30E3;&#x30C3;&#x30D7;&#x3001;5.9 &times; 1013&#x5E74;&#x3068;&#x3057;&#x3066;&#x9AD8;&#x3044; EF &#x5024; (&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x5024; = 1.8 &times; 1013&#x5E74;) &#x5F97;&#x3089;&#x308C;&#x305F; EF &#x5024;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x3055;&#x308C;&#x305F;&#x7C92;&#x5B50;&#x306E;&#x50C5;&#x5DEE;&#x3067; 1.9 &times; 1012&#x5E74;&#x3068; 5.9 &times; 1013&#x5E74;&#x306E;&#x9593;&#x306B;&#x914D;&#x5E03;&#x3055;&#x308C;&#x305F;&#x3002; GSND II &#x306E;&#x30D7;&#x30ED;&#x30FC;&#x30D6;&#x306F;&#x3001;&#x306E;&#x7D44;&#x307F;&#x5408;&#x308F;&#x305B;&#x306E;&#x5834;&#x5408;&#x76EE; 50 nm Au &#x30B3;&#x30A2;&#x3068; Ag &#x30B7;&#x30A7;&#x30EB;&#x3068;&#x3088;&#x304F;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x3059;&#x308B; 514.5 nm &#x30EC;&#x30FC;&#x30B6;&#x30FC;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5F37;&#x3044;&#x306E; SMSERS &#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x3092;&#x3088;&#x308A;&#x72ED;&#x3044; EF &#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x3088;&#x308A; &lt; 50 nm Au &#x30B3;&#x30A2; 514.5 nm &#x30EC;&#x30FC;&#x30B6;&#x30FC;&#x307E;&#x305F;&#x306F; 632.8 nm &#x306E;&#x30EC;&#x30FC;&#x30B6;&#x30FC;&#x3068; GSND II &#x306E;&#x69CB;&#x9020;&#x3068;&#x3002;&#x52C9;&#x5F37;&#x306E;&#x6709;&#x7528;&#x6027;&#x3068;&#x67D4;&#x8EDF;&#x6027;&#x3053;&#x308C;&#x3089;&#x306E; GSND &#x69CB;&#x9020;&#x306E;&#x6211;&#x3005; &#x306E;&#x7D50;&#x679C;&#x3092;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x304A;&#x3088;&#x3073;&#x53D6;&#x5F97; SMSERS &#x69CB;&#x9020;&#x3092;&#x72ED;&#x3044;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x306E; EF &#x5024;&#x304C;&#x9AD8;&#x3044;&#x3068;&#x3001;GSNDs &#x306F;&#x6709;&#x671B;&#x3067;&#x3042;&#x308B; SERS &#x30D7;&#x30ED;&#x30FC;&#x30D6;&#x306E;&#x6700;&#x9069;&#x8A2D;&#x8A08;&#x3092;&#x3059;&#x308B;&#x3068;&#x304D;&#x306E;&#x9AD8;&#x611F;&#x5EA6;&#x30FB;&#x5B9A;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x691C;&#x51FA;&#x80FD;&#x529B;&#x3068;&#x3002;

&#x30C1;&#x30E5;&#x30FC;&#x30CB;&#x30F3;&#x30B0;&#x3068;&#x5358;&#x4E00;&#x5206;&#x5B50;&#x306E;&#x8868;&#x9762;&#x5897;&#x5F37;&#x30E9;&#x30DE;&#x30F3;&#x6563;&#x4E71; DNA &#x30C6;&#x30B6;&#x30FC; Nanodumbbells &#x304B;&#x3089;&#x3092;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x5316;&#x3057;&#x307E;&#x3059;&#x3002;

&#xAC15;&#xB825; &#xD558; &#xACE0; &#xC7AC;&#xD604;&#xD560; &#xC218; &#xD45C;&#xBA74; &#xAC15;&#xD654; &#xB41C; Raman plasmonic nanostructures&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xB192;&#xC740; &#xAD00;&#xB828; &#xD5A5;&#xC0C1; &#xC694;&#xC18C; (EF) &#xAC12;&#xC758; &#xC881;&#xC740; &#xBD84;&#xD3EC;&#xC640; &#xC0B0;&#xB780; (SERS) &#xC2E0;&#xD638;&#xB97C; &#xB354; &#xC798; &#xC774;&#xD574; &#xD558; &#xACE0; &#xB2E8;&#xC77C; &#xBD84;&#xC790; &#xAD00;&#xB828; (SMSERS) nanoprobes&#xC758; &#xC2E4;&#xC6A9;&#xD654;&#xC5D0; &#xB300; &#xD55C; &#xC911;&#xC694; &#xD55C; &#xCDE8;&#xB4DD;. &#xC774;&#xC640; &#xAD00;&#xB828;, &#xB2E8;&#xC77C; &#xBD84;&#xC790; SERS &#xAC15;&#xB3C4;, &#xB9CE;&#xC740; &#xC785;&#xC790; &#xAC04; &#xAC70;&#xB9AC;, &#xC785;&#xC790; &#xD06C;&#xAE30;/&#xBAA8;&#xC591;/&#xAD6C;&#xC131;&#xACFC; &#xC5EC;&#xAE30; &#xB808;&#xC774;&#xC800; &#xD30C;&#xC7A5; EF &#xBD84;&#xD3EC; &#xC0AC;&#xC774;&#xC758; &#xAD00;&#xACC4;&#xC5D0; &#xB300; &#xD55C; &#xCCB4;&#xACC4;&#xC801;&#xC774; &#xACE0; &#xCCA0;&#xC800; &#xD55C; &#xC5F0;&#xAD6C;&#xAC00; &#xD544;&#xC694; &#xD558;&#xB2E4;. &#xC5EC;&#xAE30;, &#xC6B0;&#xB9AC;&#xB294; &#xAD11;&#xBC94;&#xC704; &#xD558; &#xAC8C; &#xB450; &#xAC1C;&#xC758; &#xB2E4;&#xB978; &#xB2E8;&#xC77C; DNA &#xB2FF;&#xB294; Au-Ag &#xCF54;&#xC5B4;-&#xC178; nanodumbbell (GSND) &#xB514;&#xC790;&#xC778; engineerable nanogap-GSND&#xB294; &#xD568;&#xAED8; &#xB2E8;&#xC77C; &#xC785;&#xC790; &#xB77C;&#xB9CC; AFM &#xC0C1;&#xAD00; &#xCE21;&#xC815; &#xBC29;&#xBC95;&#xC744; &#xC0AC;&#xC6A9; &#xD558; &#xC5EC; &#xC774;&#xB7EC;&#xD55C; &#xAD00;&#xACC4;&#xB97C; &#xACF5;&#xBD80; &#xD588;&#xB2E4;-&#xB09C; ~4.8 nm&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xB2E4;&#xC591; &#xD55C; &#xC785;&#xC790; nanogaps &lt; 1 nm &#xC544;&#xBB34; &#xAC04;&#xACA9; &#xBC0F; &#xACE0;&#xC815;&#xB41C; &#xAC04; &#xAC04;&#xACA9; &#xD06C;&#xAE30;&#xC640; 23 nm-30 nm &#xC30D;&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; 50 nm-60 nm &#xC30D;&#xC758; GSND II &#xC785;&#xC790;&#xC758; &#xB2E4;&#xC591; &#xD55C; &#xD06C;&#xAE30;&#xC5D0; &#xB300; &#xD55C; &#xB2E4;&#xC591; &#xD55C; &#xC785;&#xC790; &#xD06C;&#xAE30; GSND II&#xC640; &#xD568;&#xAED8; &#xB610;&#xB294;. GSND&#xC5D0;&#xC11C;-&#xB09C; &#xD504;&#xB85C;&#xBE0C;, &#xC6B0;&#xB9AC;&#xAC00; &#xBC30;&#xC6B4; &#xADF8; &#xD569;&#xC131; &lt; 1 nm &#xAC04;&#xACA9; &#xC881;&#xC740; EF &#xAC12; &#xBD84;&#xD3EC;&#xC640; &#xD568;&#xAED8; &#xAC15;&#xB825;&#xD55C; SMSERS &#xC2E0;&#xD638;&#xB97C; &#xC5BB;&#xAE30;&#xC5D0; &#xC5F4;&#xC1E0; &#xC774;&#xB2E4;. GSND&#xC758; &#xACBD;&#xC6B0; &#xC911;&#xC694; &#xD55C; &#xAC83;&#xC740;,-&#xC640; &#xB09C; &lt; 1 nm &#xAC04; &#xACA9;&#xCC28;, &#xB192;&#xC740; 5.9 &times; 1013&#xC758; EF &#xAC12; (&#xAC12;&#xC744; &#xD3C9;&#xADE0; = 1.8 &times; 1013) &#xC5BB;&#xC740; &#xBD84;&#xC11D; &#xB41C; &#xC785;&#xC790;&#xC758; EF &#xAC12; 1.9 &times; 1012 5.9 &times; 1013 &#xC0AC;&#xC774; &#xC881;&#xAC8C; &#xBC30;&#xD3EC; &#xD588;&#xB2E4;. GSND II &#xD504;&#xB85C;&#xBE0C;, &#xC870;&#xD569;&#xC758; &#xACBD;&#xC6B0; &amp;gt; 50 nm Au &#xCF54;&#xC5B4;&#xC640; Ag &#xD3EC;&#xD0C4;&#xACFC; &#xC798; &#xB9DE;&#xB294; 514.5 nm &#xB808;&#xC774;&#xC800; &#xD30C;&#xC7A5; &#xBCF4;&#xB2E4; &#xB354; &#xC881;&#xC740; EF &#xBD84;&#xD3EC;&#xC640; &#xAC15;&#xD55C; SMSERS &#xC2E0;&#xD638; &#xC0DD;&#xC131; &lt; 50 nm Au &#xCF54;&#xC5B4; 514.5 nm &#xB808;&#xC774;&#xC800; &#xB610;&#xB294; 632.8 nm &#xB808;&#xC774;&#xC800;&#xB97C; &#xC0AC;&#xC6A9; &#xD558; &#xC5EC; GSND-2 &#xCC28; &#xAD6C;&#xC870;&#xB97C;. &#xC6B0;&#xB9AC;&#xC758; &#xACB0;&#xACFC; &#xACF5;&#xBD80;&#xC5D0; &#xC720;&#xC6A9; &#xD558; &#xACE0; &#xC774;&#xB7EC;&#xD55C; GSND &#xAD6C;&#xC870;&#xC758; &#xC720;&#xC5F0;&#xC131;&#xC744; &#xD45C;&#xC2DC; &#xD558; &#xACE0; &#xB192;&#xC740; EF &#xAC12;&#xC740; Gsnds&#xC758; &#xC881;&#xC740; &#xBD84;&#xD3EC;&#xC640; &#xCDE8;&#xB4DD; SMSERS &#xAD6C;&#xC870;&#xB294; &#xC720;&#xB9DD;&#xD55C; SERS &#xD504;&#xB85C;&#xBE0C; &#xC124;&#xACC4; &#xB54C; &#xB9E4;&#xC6B0; &#xBBFC;&#xAC10;&#xD558;&#xACE0; &#xC591;&#xC801; &#xD0D0;&#xC9C0; &#xB2A5;&#xB825;.

&#xD29C;&#xB2DD; &#xBC0F; DNA &#xB2FF;&#xB294; Nanodumbbells&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xB2E8;&#xC77C; &#xBD84;&#xC790; &#xD45C;&#xBA74; &#xAC15;&#xD654; &#xB77C;&#xB9CC; &#xC0B0;&#xB780;&#xC744; &#xADF9;&#xB300;&#xD654; &#xD569;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.

Obtener a un Raman surface enhanced reproducible y fuerte se&ntilde;al de dispersi&oacute;n (SERS) con una distribuci&oacute;n estrecha de los valores altos del factor (EF) mejora de SERS de la plasm&oacute;nica nanoestructuras es cr&iacute;tica para la mejor comprensi&oacute;n y uso pr&aacute;ctico de las cr&oacute;nicas de SERS (SMSERS) de una sola mol&eacute;cula. En este sentido, son necesarios los estudios sistem&aacute;ticos y exhaustivo sobre las relaciones entre la intensidad de una sola mol&eacute;cula SERS, distribuci&oacute;n de EF sobre muchas part&iacute;culas, una distancia, part&iacute;culas de tama&ntilde;o/forma/composici&oacute;n y excitaci&oacute;n de onda l&aacute;ser. Aqu&iacute;, hemos estudiado estas relaciones utilizando el m&eacute;todo de medici&oacute;n del AFM correlacionados Raman de part&iacute;culas solo con dos solo-ADN-atado au-AG core-shell nanodumbbell (GSND) dise&ntilde;os diferentes con nanogap engineerable - el GSND-I con varios nanogaps una de ~4.8 nm a &lt; 1 nm o con ning&uacute;n hueco y el GSND-II con el tama&ntilde;o de la brecha una fija y distintos tama&ntilde;os de part&iacute;cula para varios tama&ntilde;os de part&iacute;culas GSND-II de un par de nm-30 nm 23 a un par de nm-60 nm 50. De la GSND-sondas, aprendimos que sintetizar &lt; brecha de 1 nm es la clave para obtener se&ntilde;ales fuertes de SMSERS con una estrecha distribuci&oacute;n de valor EF. Lo importante, en el caso de la GSND-I con &lt; gap una de 1 nm, un valor EF de tan arriba como 9.5 &times; 1013 (valor medio = 1,8 &times; 1013) se obtuvo y los valores de la EF de part&iacute;culas analizadas se distribuyeron estrecho entre 3.0 &times; 1012 y 9.5 &times; 1013. en el caso de las sondas de GSND-II, una combinaci&oacute;n de &gt; 50 n&uacute;cleos de Au nm y 514.5 nm l&aacute;ser longitud de onda que coincide bien con c&aacute;scara Ag generaron fuertes se&ntilde;ales SMSERS con una distribuci&oacute;n de EF m&aacute;s estrecha que &lt; 50 n&uacute;cleos de Au nm con 514.5 nm l&aacute;ser o las estructuras GSND-II con 632.8 nm l&aacute;ser. Nuestros resultados demuestran la utilidad y la flexibilidad de estas estructuras GSND en el estudio y obtenci&oacute;n de SMSERS de estructuras con una distribuci&oacute;n estrecha de valores altos de EF y los GSNDs son prometedoras SERS sondas con capacidad de detecci&oacute;n altamente sensible y cuantitativo al dise&ntilde;o.

Afinaci&oacute;n y maximizando la dispersi&oacute;n Raman de superficie mejorada de una sola mol&eacute;cula de ADN-atado de Nanodumbbells.

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are continuously produced in the cellular systems and are controlled by several antioxidant mechanisms. Here, we developed a straightforward, sensitive, and quantitative assay for the colorimetric and spectroscopic detection of various ROS and RNS such as H2O2, ·OH, (-)OCl, NO·, and O2(-) using glutathione-modified gold nanoparticles (GSH-AuNPs). A basic principle here is that the GSHs on the AuNP surface can be readily detached via the formation of glutathione disulfides upon the addition of ROS and RNS, and destabilized particles can aggregate to generate the plasmonic couplings between plasmonic AuNPs that trigger the red shift in UV-vis spectrum and solution color change. For nonradical species such as H2O2, this process can be more efficiently achieved by converting them into radical species via the Fenton reaction. Using this strategy, we were able to rapidly and quantitatively distinguish among cancerous and normal cells based on ROS and RNS production.

Glutathione dimerization-based plasmonic nanoswitch for biodetection of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.

We report plasmonic gold nanoshells and nanorods coated with reduced graphene oxide that produce an enhanced photothermal effect when stimulated by near-infrared (NIR) light. Electrostatic interactions between nanosized graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles followed by in situ chemical reduction generated reduced graphene oxide-coated nanoparticles; the coating was demonstrated using Raman and HR-TEM. Reduced graphene oxide-coated gold nanoparticles showed enhanced photothermal effect compared to noncoated or nonreduced graphene oxide-coated gold nanoparticles. Reduced graphene oxide-coated gold nanoparticles killed cells more rapidly than did noncoated or nonreduced graphene oxide-coated gold nanoparticles.

Enhanced photothermal effect of plasmonic nanoparticles coated with reduced graphene oxide.

The design, synthesis and control of plasmonic nanostructures, especially with ultrasmall plasmonically coupled nanogap (∼1 nm or smaller), are of significant interest and importance in chemistry, nanoscience, materials science, optics and nanobiotechnology. Here, we studied and established the thiolated DNA-based synthetic principles and methods in forming and controlling Au core-nanogap-Au shell structures [Au-nanobridged nanogap particles (Au-NNPs)] with various interior nanogap and Au shell structures. We found that differences in the binding affinities and modes among four different bases to Au core, DNA sequence, DNA grafting density and chemical reagents alter Au shell growth mechanism and interior nanogap-forming process on thiolated DNA-modified Au core. Importantly, poly A or poly C sequence creates a wider interior nanogap with a smoother Au shell, while poly T sequence results in a narrower interstitial interior gap with rougher Au shell, and on the basis of the electromagnetic field calculation and experimental results, we unraveled the relationships between the width of the interior plasmonic nanogap, Au shell structure, electromagnetic field and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. These principles and findings shown in this paper offer the fundamental basis for the thiolated DNA-based chemistry in forming and controlling metal nanostructures with ∼1 nm plasmonic gap and insight in the optical properties of the plasmonic NNPs, and these plasmonic nanogap structures are useful as strong and controllable optical signal-generating nanoprobes.

Thiolated DNA-based chemistry and control in the structure and optical properties of plasmonic nanoparticles with ultrasmall interior nanogap.

Here we report a new and efficient synthetic method for reduced graphene oxide using visible-light and plasmonic nanoparticles at room temperature. The r-GO prepared using visible light showed excellent fluorescence quenching properties and target detection capabilities.

Plasmon-assisted and visible-light induced graphene oxide reduction and efficient fluorescence quenching.

We report a method to achieve high speed and high resolution live cell Raman images using small spherical gold nanoparticles with highly narrow intra-nanogap structures responding to NIR excitation (785 nm) and high-speed confocal Raman microscopy. The three different Raman-active molecules placed in the narrow intra-nanogap showed a strong and uniform Raman intensity in solution even under transient exposure time (10 ms) and low input power of incident laser (200 μW), which lead to obtain high-resolution single cell image within 30 s without inducing significant cell damage. The high resolution Raman image showed the distributions of gold nanoparticles for their targeted sites such as cytoplasm, mitochondria, or nucleus. The high speed Raman-based live cell imaging allowed us to monitor rapidly changing cell morphologies during cell death induced by the addition of highly toxic KCN solution to cells. These results strongly suggest that the use of SERS-active nanoparticle can greatly improve the current temporal resolution and image quality of Raman-based cell images enough to obtain the detailed cell dynamics and/or the responses of cells to potential drug molecules.

High resolution live cell Raman imaging using subcellular organelle-targeting SERS-sensitive gold nanoparticles with highly narrow intra-nanogap.

We report a strongly amplified photoacoustic (PA) performance of the new functional hybrid material composed of reduced graphene oxide and gold nanorods. Due to the excellent NIR light absorption properties of the reduced graphene oxide coated gold nanorods (r-GO-AuNRs) and highly efficient heat transfer process through the reduced graphene oxide layer, r-GO-AuNRs exhibit excellent photothermal stability and significantly higher photoacoustic amplitudes than those of bare-AuNRs, nonreduced graphene oxide coated AuNRs (GO-AuNRs), or silica-coated AuNR, as demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo systems. The linear response of PA amplitude from reduced state controlled GO on AuNR indicates the critical role of GO for a strong photothermal effect of r-GO-AuNRs. Theoretical studies with finite-element-method lab-based simulation reveal that a 4 times higher magnitude of the enhanced electromagnetic field around r-GO-AuNRs can be generated compared with bare AuNRs or GO-AuNRs. Furthermore, the r-GO-AuNRs are expected to be a promising deep-tissue imaging probe because of extraordinarily high PA amplitudes in the 4-11 MHz operating frequency of an ultrasound transducer. Therefore, the r-GO-AuNRs can be a useful imaging probe for highly sensitive photoacoustic images and NIR sensitive therapeutics based on a strong photothermal effect.

Amplified photoacoustic performance and enhanced photothermal stability of reduced graphene oxide coated gold nanorods for sensitive photoacoustic imaging.

Dong-Kwon Lim

KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology

Korea University

Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Dong-Kwon Lim

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology

Korea University

Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle

KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology