Placement of Extracranial Stimulating Electrodes and Measurement of Cerebral Blood Flow and Intracranial Electrical Fields in Anesthetized Mice

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06:34 min

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June 2nd, 2023

DOI :

10.3791/65195-v

June 2nd, 2023

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Simone Degan¹, Yu Feng¹, Ulrike Hoffmann², Dennis A. Turner¹^,³^,⁴^,⁵

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, ²Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University Texas Southwestern Medical School, ³Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, ⁴Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, ⁵Research and Surgery Services, Durham VA Medical Center

Transcript

The cerebral blood flow can be measured by the degree of saturation of oxy deoxy hemoglobin. This increase in saturation is reduced with aging and in Alzheimer's model. We're estimating the strength of electrical stimulation using both applied currents and the intracranial electrical field density.

The most recent developments include improving extracranial stimulation for application to animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Currently, multiple imaging technologies in animal models, including laser spectral imaging, dual photo microscopy, and the physiological recording are used. The challenge is understanding the mechanistic basis for changes in dynamic cerebral blood flow responses in models of Alzheimer's disease.

We found the deficits in responses to metabolic challenges in Alzheimer's models mice, and applying extra cranial stimulation improves these deficits. The advantage of our protocol is that a stimulation-based approach improves cerebral blood flow.

Summary

We describe a protocol for assessing dose-response curves for extracranial stimulation in terms of brain electrical field measurements and a relevant biomarker-cerebral blood flow. Since this protocol involves invasive electrode placement into the brain, general anesthesia is needed, with spontaneous breathing preferred rather than controlled respirations.

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