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Method Article
Phormidium lacuna 是一种从海洋岩石池中分离出来的丝状蓝藻。本文介绍了从天然来源中分离细丝,DNA提取,基因组测序,自然转化,sfGFP表达,冷冻保存和运动性方法。
蓝藻是基础研究和生物技术项目的重点,其中太阳能用于生物质生产。 Phormidium lacuna 是一种新分离的丝状蓝藻。本文描述了如何从海洋岩石池中分离出新的丝状蓝藻。它还描述了如何从细丝中提取DNA以及如何对基因组进行测序。虽然许多单细胞物种的转化已经建立,但丝状蓝藻的报道较少。这里描述了一种简化的 P. lacuna 自然转化方法。 P. lacuna 是Oscillatoriales目中唯一建立自然转化的成员。本文还展示了如何使用自然转化来表达超折叠绿色荧光蛋白(sfGFP)。内源性 cpcB 启动子诱导的表达强度约为 cpc560、 A2813 或 psbA2 启动 子的 5 倍。此外,建立了冷冻保存 P. lacuna 和 Synechocystis sp.CPP 6803的方法,并描述了评估液体介质中以及琼脂和塑料表面上的运动性的方法。
蓝藻是利用光合作用作为能量来源的原核生物1,2。研究越来越关注蓝藻物种。几种蓝藻可以用DNA3转化。基因可以在这些物种中被敲除或过度表达。然而,转化仅限于少数物种4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,并且很难在培养品或野生8的品系中建立转化。从海洋岩石池中分离出丝状物种 Phormidium lacuna 的菌株(图1),其中环境条件(例如盐浓度或温度)随时间波动。这些丝状蓝藻可以用作它们所属的Oscillatoriales12 目模式生物。
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1. 与自然环境隔绝
注意:可以分离绿藻,硅藻,丝状蓝藻和其他微藻。该方案可用于在实验室条件下生长的岩池中的任何微藻物种。属于Oscillatoriales的丝状蓝藻可以通过其运动和丝状形状轻松识别。该物种可以通过基因组测序或16S rRNA测序在半纯状态下鉴定。
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按照上述方法,从岩池中分离出5种不同的 P. lacuna 菌株并测序(图1 和 表1)。除 P. lacuna HE10JO外,所有培养物在传代培养约1年后均无菌。该菌株仍然受到海洋细菌 Marivirga atlantica的污染。在随后的黑尔戈兰岛游览中,从岩石池中分离出其他丝状蓝藻,这些蓝藻与 P. lacuna 不同,需要表征。
对几种DNA提取和纯?.......
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尽管许多蓝藻菌株可从培养物32,33,34,35,36中获得,但由于这些物种适应特定特性,因此仍需要来自野生的新蓝藻。从岩池中收集 P. lacuna ,并适应盐浓度和温度30的变化。该物种的菌株在2008年,2009年和2010年的短途旅行中被发现。通过这里描述的.......
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作者没有利益冲突需要披露。
这项工作得到了卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院的支持。
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Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Autoclave 3870 ELV | Tuttnauer | 3870 ELV | |
Bacto Agar | OttoNorwald | 214010 | |
BG-11 Freshwater Solution | Sigma Aldrich | C3061 | |
BG-11 medium | Merck | 73816-250ML | |
Boric acid | Merck | 10043-35-3 | H3BO3 |
Calcium chloride dihydrate | Carl Roth | 10035-04-8 | CaCl2 · 2 H2O |
Cell culture flasks Cellstar with filter screw cap, sterile, 250 mL | Greiner | 658190 | |
Cell culture flasks Cellstar with filter screw cap, sterile, 50 mL | Greiner | 601975 | |
Centrifuge LYNX 4000 | Thermo Scientific | 75006580 | and rotor |
Centrifuge microstar 17 | VWR International | N/A | for up to 13,000 rpm |
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) | PanReac AppliChem | 57-09-0 | C19H42BrN |
Chloroform : Isoamyl Alcohol 24 : 1 | PanReac AppliChem | A1935 | |
Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate | Merck | 7791-13-1 | CoCl2 · 6 H2O |
Copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate | Merck | 7758-99-8 | CuSO4 · 5 H2O |
D(+)-Biotin | Carl Roth | 58-85-5 | C10H16N2O3S |
DNA ladder 1 kb | New England Biolabs | N3232 | |
DNA ladder 100 bp | New England Biolabs | N3231 | |
Electrical pipetting help accujet-pro S | Brand GmbH | 26360 | for pipetting 1-25 mL |
Ethanol | VWR | 64-17-5 | C2H6O |
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate | Carl Roth | 6381-92-6 | EDTA-Na2 · 2 H2O |
Fluorescence microscope ApoTome | Zeiss | ||
Fluorescence microscope Axio Imager 2 | Zeiss | ||
French Pressure Cell Press | American Instrument Company | N/A | |
Gel documation System Saffe Image | Invitrogen | ||
Gelelctrophoresis system Mupid-One/-exu | ADVANCED | ||
Glassware, different | |||
Glycerol | Carl Roth | 56-81-5 | C3H8O3 |
Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate | Merck | 10025-77-1 | FeCl3 · 6 H2O |
Kanamycin | Sigma-Aldrich | 25389-94-0 | |
Kanamycin sulphate | Carl Roth | 25389-94-0 | C18H36N4O11 · H2SO4 |
Lauroylsarcosine, Sodium Salt (Sarcosyl) | Sigma Aldrich | 137-16-6 | C15H28NO3 · Na |
LB Broth (Lennox) | Carl Roth | X964.4 | |
Light source, fluorescent tube L18W/954 daylight | OSRAM | cultivation of cyanobacteria | |
Light source, LED panel XL 6500K 140 W | Bloom Star | N/A | cultivation of cyanobacteria, up to 1,000 µmol m-2 s-1 |
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate | Carl Roth | 7791-18-6 | MgCl2 · 6 H2O |
Manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate | Serva | 13446-34-9 | MnCl2 · 4 H2O |
Microscope DM750 | Zeiss | ||
Midi prep plasmid extraction kit NucleoBond Xtra Midi kit | Macherey-NAGEL GmbH & Co. KG | REF740410.50 | |
Minicomputer Raspberry Pi 4 + | Conrad Electronics | 2138863-YD | for time-lapse recording |
Ocular camera EC3 | Leica | for continuous recording up to 30 s | |
Ocular camera MikrOkular Full HD | Bresser | for time-lapse recordings, coupled to Raspberry Pi minicomputer | |
Petri dishes polystyrole, 100 mm x 20 mm | Merck | P5606-400EA | |
Petri dishes polystyrole, 60 mm x 15 mm | Merck | P5481-500EA | |
Photometer Nanodrop ND-1000 | Peqlab Biotechnologie | ||
Photometer Uvikon XS | Goebel Instrumentelle Analytik GmbH | ||
Pipetman 100-1,000 µL | Gilson | SKU: FA10006M | |
Pipetman 10-100 µL | Gilson | SKU: FA10004M | |
Plastic pipettes 10 mL, sterile | Greiner | 607107 | |
Plastic tube, sterile, 15 mL | Greiner | 188271 | |
Plastic tube, sterile, 50 mL | Greiner | 227261 | |
Potassium bromide | Carl Roth | 7758-02-3 | KBr |
Potassium chloride | Carl Roth | 7447-40-7 | KCl |
Power supply Statron 3252-1 | Statron Gerätetechnik GmbH | ||
Power supply Voltcraft PPS 16005 | Conrad Electronics | for LED | |
Proteinase K | Promega | MC500C | from Maxwell 16 miRNA Tissue Kit AS1470 |
Q5 polymerase | New England Biolabs | M0491S | |
Sequencing kit NextSeq 500/550 v2.5 | Illumina | ||
Sequencing system NextSeq 550 SY-415-1002 | Illumina | ||
Shaker Unimax 2010 | Heidolph Instruments | for cultivation | |
Sodium acetate | Carl Roth | 127-09-3 | NaCH3COO |
Sodium chloride | Carl Roth | 7647-14-5 | NaCl |
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate | Carl Roth | 10049-21-5 | NaH2PO4 · H2O |
Sodium fluoride | Carl Roth | 7681-49-4 | NaF |
Sodium hydrogen carbonate | Carl Roth | 144-55-8 | NaHCO3 |
Sodium molybdate dihydrate | Serva | 10102-40-6 | Na2MoO4 · 2 H2O |
Sodium nitrate | Merck | 7631-99-4 | NaNO3 |
Sodium sulphate | Carl Roth | 7757-82-6 | Na2SO4 |
Strontium chloride hexahydrate | Carl Roth | 10025-70-4 | SrCl2 · 6 H2O |
Thiamine hydrochloride | Merck | 67-03-8 | C12H17ClN4OS · HCl |
TRIS | Carl Roth | 77-86-1 | C4H11NO3 |
Ultrasonic device UP100H with sonotrode MS3 | Hielscher Ultrasound Technology | UP100H | |
Ultraturrax Silent Crusher M | Heidolph Instruments | homogenizer | |
Urea | Carl Roth | 57-13-6 | CH4N2O |
Vitamin B12 | Sigma | 68-19-9 | C63H88CoN14O14P |
Vitamin solution | 0.3 µM thiamin-HCl, 2.1 nM biotin, 0.37 nM cyanocobalamin | ||
Water Stills, Water treatment | VEOLIA water technologies | ELGA_21001 | |
Zinc sulphate heptahydrate | Sigma | 7446-20-0 | ZnSO4 · 7 H2O |
software, URL | |||
gatb-minia program for DNA assembly | https://github.com/GATB/gatb-minia-pipeline | makes large scaffolds from short DNA reads, Linux based | |
ImageJ | software for immage processing (pixel intensities, circle diameter) | ||
RAST annotation server | https://rast.nmpdr.org | input: genome DNA sequence, detects open reading frames, lists protein sequences and their functions | |
Culture media | |||
Artificial seawater | 0.41 M NaCl , 53 mM MgCl2,28 mM Na2SO4, 10 mM CaCl2 , 9 mM KCl , 2.4 mM NaHCO3 ,0.84 mM KBr, 0.49 mM H3BO3, 90 µM SrCl2, 72 µM NaF | ||
f/2 -liquid medium | artificial seawater, 0.1 % (v/v) trace element solution, 0.05 % (v/v) vitamin solution, 0.88 mM NaNO3, 36 µM NaH2PO4 | ||
f/2+ liquid medium | f/2-medium, with 10 times increased NaNO3 and NaH2PO4 (0.88 mM NaNO3, 36 µM NaH2PO4 | ||
f/2+-agar | 3 % (w/v) bacto agar, artificial seawater, 0.1 % (v/v) trace element solution, 0.05 % (v/v) vitamin solution ,8.8 mM NaNO3, 0.36 mM NaH2PO4 | ||
f/2-agar | 3 % (w/v) bacto agar, artificial seawater, 0.1 % (v/v) trace element solution, 0.05 % (v/v) vitamin solution ,0.88 mM NaNO3, 36 µM NaH2PO4 | ||
Trace element solution | 0.36 mM NaH2PO4, 12 µM Na2EDTA, 39 nM CuSO4, 26 nM Na2MoO4 , 77 nM ZnSO4, 42 nM CoCl2, 0.91 µM MnCl2 | ||
Vitamin solution | 0.3 µM thiamin-HCl, 2.1 nM biotin, 0.37 nM cyanocobalamin |
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