Name: re-arterialized rat partial liver transplantation with an in vivo vessel-oriented 70% hepatectomy
Uploaded: 2018-04-08T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Re-Arterialized Rat Partial Liver Transplantation with an in vivo Vessel-Oriented 70% Hepatectomy at JoVE.com

This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81501382) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. LQ13H100003 and LQ16H100002).

All of the procedures followed the guidelines of rodent surgery approved by the Wenzhou Medical University Animal Policy and Welfare Committee 15.
1. Animals
<ol>
	<li>Use male Lewis rats weighing 250-350 g as donors and recipients.</li>
</ol>
2. Operative Environment
<ol>
	<li>Perform all microsurgical procedures under a surgical microscope with a magnification ranging from 7X to 20X. Sterilize all surgical instruments before use in operatio...

<ol>
	<li>Yan, J. Q., Becker, T., Peng, C. H., Li, H. W., Klempnauer, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Split+liver+transplantation:+a+reliable+approach+to+expand+donor+pool.">Split liver transplantation: a reliable approach to expand donor pool.</a> Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 4, 339-344 (2005).</li><li>Xia, R., Emond, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Orthotopic+partial+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat:+a+model+of+70%+hepatectomy+and+reduced+size+liver+transplantation.">Orthotopic partial liver transplantation in the rat: a model of 70% hepatectomy and reduced size liver transplantation.</a> Transplantation. 56, 1041-1043 (1993).</li><li>Omura, T., Ascher, N. L., Emond, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fifty-percent+partial+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat.">Fifty-percent partial liver transplantation in the rat.</a> Transplantation. 62, 292-293 (1996).</li><li>Foss, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Function+of+reduced-size+liver+transplant+in+the+rat.">Function of reduced-size liver transplant in the rat.</a> Res Exp Med (Berl). 197, 91-99 (1997).</li><li>Nagai, K., Yagi, S., Uemoto, S., Tolba, R. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surgical+procedures+for+a+rat+model+of+partial+orthotopic+liver+transplantation+with+hepatic+arterial+reconstruction.">Surgical procedures for a rat model of partial orthotopic liver transplantation with hepatic arterial reconstruction.</a> J Vis Exp. , e4376 (2013).</li><li>Sun, J., Qin, G., Wu, L., Wang, C., Sheil, A. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antigenic+load+and+peripheral+chimeric+levels+in+entire+and+partial+liver+allograft+recipients.">Antigenic load and peripheral chimeric levels in entire and partial liver allograft recipients.</a> Microsurgery. 21, 183-187 (2001).</li><li>Ninomiya, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Deceleration+of+regenerative+response+improves+the+outcome+of+rat+with+massive+hepatectomy.">Deceleration of regenerative response improves the outcome of rat with massive hepatectomy.</a> Am J Transplant. 10, 1580-1587 (2010).</li><li>Yamanaka, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+olprinone+on+liver+microstructure+in+rat+partial+liver+transplantation.">Effect of olprinone on liver microstructure in rat partial liver transplantation.</a> J Surg Res. 183, 391-396 (2013).</li><li>Wang, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mesenchymal+stem+cells+promote+liver+regeneration+and+prolong+survival+in+small-for-size+liver+grafts:+involvement+of+C-Jun+N-terminal+kinase,+cyclin+D1,+and+NF-kappaB.">Mesenchymal stem cells promote liver regeneration and prolong survival in small-for-size liver grafts: involvement of C-Jun N-terminal kinase, cyclin D1, and NF-kappaB.</a> PLoS One. 9, e112532 (2014).</li><li>Madrahimov, N., Dirsch, O., Broelsch, C., Dahmen, U. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Marginal+hepatectomy+in+the+rat:+from+anatomy+to+surgery.">Marginal hepatectomy in the rat: from anatomy to surgery.</a> Ann. Surg. 244, 89-98 (2006).</li><li>Martins, P. N., Theruvath, T. P., Neuhaus, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rodent+models+of+partial+hepatectomies.">Rodent models of partial hepatectomies.</a> Liver Int. 28, 3-11 (2008).</li><li>Kamada, N., Sumimoto, R., Kaneda, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+value+of+hepatic+artery+reconstruction+as+a+technique+in+rat+liver+transplantation.">The value of hepatic artery reconstruction as a technique in rat liver transplantation.</a> Surgery. 111, 195-200 (1992).</li><li>Steger, U., Sawitzki, B., Gassel, A. M., Gassel, H. J., Wood, K. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impact+of+hepatic+rearterialization+on+reperfusion+injury+and+outcome+after+mouse+liver+transplantation.">Impact of hepatic rearterialization on reperfusion injury and outcome after mouse liver transplantation.</a> Transplantation. 76, 327-332 (2003).</li><li>Huang, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+end-to-side+anastomosis+technique+for+hepatic+rearterialization+in+rat+orthotopic+liver+transplantation+to+accommodate+size+mismatches+between+vessels.">A novel end-to-side anastomosis technique for hepatic rearterialization in rat orthotopic liver transplantation to accommodate size mismatches between vessels.</a> Eur Surg Res. 47, 53-62 (2011).</li><li>Bernal, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Guidelines+for+rodent+survival+surgery.">Guidelines for rodent survival surgery.</a> J.Invest Surg. 22, 445-451 (2009).</li><li>Johnson, A. J., Stulting, R. D., Macsai, M. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Ophthalmic Microsurgical Suturing Techniques. , 21-28 (2007).</li><li>Delriviere, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Detailed+modified+technique+for+safer+harvesting+and+preparation+of+liver+graft+in+the+rat.">Detailed modified technique for safer harvesting and preparation of liver graft in the rat.</a> Microsurgery. 17, 690-696 (1996).</li><li>Oldani, G., Lacotte, S., Morel, P., Mentha, G., Toso, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Orthotopic+liver+transplantation+in+rats.">Orthotopic liver transplantation in rats.</a> J Vis Exp. , (2012).</li><li>Delriviere, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Technical+details+for+safer+venous+and+biliary+anastomoses+for+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat.">Technical details for safer venous and biliary anastomoses for liver transplantation in the rat.</a> Microsurgery. 18, 12-18 (1998).</li><li>Jin, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preliminary+experience+of+a+PDCA-cycle+and+quality+management+based+training+curriculum+for+rat+liver+transplantation.">Preliminary experience of a PDCA-cycle and quality management based training curriculum for rat liver transplantation.</a> J Surg Res. 176, 409-422 (2012).</li><li>Selzner, N., Selzner, M., Tian, Y., Kadry, Z., Clavien, P. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cold+ischemia+decreases+liver+regeneration+after+partial+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat:+A+TNF-alpha/IL-6-dependent+mechanism.">Cold ischemia decreases liver regeneration after partial liver transplantation in the rat: A TNF-alpha/IL-6-dependent mechanism.</a> Hepatology. 36, 812-818 (2002).</li><li>Tanaka, H., Hashizume, K., Enosawa, S., Suzuki, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Successful+transplantation+of+a+20%+partial+liver+graft+in+rats:+a+technical+innovation.">Successful transplantation of a 20% partial liver graft in rats: a technical innovation.</a> J Surg Res. 110, 409-412 (2003).</li><li>Bockhorn, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Erythropoietin+treatment+improves+liver+regeneration+and+survival+in+rat+models+of+extended+liver+resection+and+living+donor+liver+transplantation.">Erythropoietin treatment improves liver regeneration and survival in rat models of extended liver resection and living donor liver transplantation.</a> Transplantation. 86, 1578-1585 (2008).</li><li>Martins, P. N., Neuhaus, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surgical+anatomy+of+the+liver,+hepatic+vasculature+and+bile+ducts+in+the+rat.">Surgical anatomy of the liver, hepatic vasculature and bile ducts in the rat.</a> Liver Int. 27, 384-392 (2007).</li><li>Kamada, N., Calne, R. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Orthotopic+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat.+Technique+using+cuff+for+portal+vein+anastomosis+and+biliary+drainage.">Orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat. Technique using cuff for portal vein anastomosis and biliary drainage.</a> Transplantation. 28, 47-50 (1979).</li><li>Kashfi, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+review+of+various+techniques+of+orthotopic+liver+transplantation+in+the+rat.">A review of various techniques of orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat.</a> Transplant.Proc. 37, 185-188 (2005).</li><li>Wain, R. A. J., Hammond, D., McPhillips, M., Whitty, J. P. M., Ahmed, W., Ahmed, W., Jackson, M. 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Rat PLTx is a sophisticated microsurgical procedure with a training program that is high in cost and long in duration20. The complexity of the rat PLTx protocol has prevented researchers from using this animal model. Compared with full-size rat LTx, rat PLTx presents the microsurgeon not only with the challenge of a transplantation procedure but also with the challenge of liver resection in a small animal. Therefore, a visualized microsurgical protocol describing the whole procedure in detail is e...

Currently, there is a large discrepancy between the number of donated liver organs and the number of patients waiting for a donated liver. The shortage of liver organs is a global problem. To expand the donor pool, split liver transplantation (LTx) and living donor LTx were developed to use a partial liver as a graft1.
To further investigate the mechanism behind partial liver transplantation (PLTx), relevant animal models have been established2,3,4,5. In rat PLTx, the liver lobes are resected in vivo and ex vivo to mimic the conditions of the living donor LTx and split LTx, respectively, in human. A paper published in the Journal of Visualized Experiments presented a detailed protocol involving a 50% rat PLTx using an ex vivo hepatectomy5. However, a rat PLTx with an in vivo hepatectomy has not yet been reported in the visualized literature.
In addition to the difference between in vivo and ex vivo hepatectomies, the technique of performing a hepatectomy itself also plays an important role in determining the outcome of PLTx. Currently, in many surgical studies using the rat PTLx model, the liver lobes were resected after placing a simple ligation at the pedicle of the liver lobe2,3,6,7,8,9. However, placing a simple ligation before resection is not suitable for all liver lobes, as different liver lobes have different shapes and sizes. A simple ligation at the base of the median lobe carries a high risk of causing a constriction of the vena cava, which might eventually affect the outflow of the partial liver graft10,11. Therefore, an update hepatectomy technique based on knowledge of the rat hepatic anatomy is required in the field of rat PTLx.
In the protocol described in this study, an updated vessel-oriented 70% hepatectomy was incorporated into the procedure of the rat PLTx. The portal veins and hepatic arteries of the left lateral lobe (LLL) and median lobe (ML) were dissected and divided individually before removal of the liver parenchyma. Then, the hepatic veins of the LLL and ML were ligated by piercing sutures. By using individual ligations and multiple piercing sutures rather than placing a simple ligation, the remnant stump of the ML was able to spread over the vena cava. Hence, the constriction of the infrahepatic vena cava caused by a surgical ligation was avoided. Additionally, occlusion of the blood supply of the LLL and ML by individual ligations before removal of the liver parenchyma decreased the rate of bleeding in the remnant liver stump, thereby minimizing the influence of blood loss on the experiments11.
For microsurgeons, it is a significant challenge to reconstruct the proper hepatic artery (PHA) of a liver graft because of the extremely small diameter of this vessel. Although the question of whether re-arterialization in LTx is truly necessary is still under debate12,13,14, numerous microsurgical techniques for reconstructing the hepatic artery have been proposed14. Here, we introduce a novel technique for re-arterialization of the liver graft, which anastomoses the common hepatic artery (CHA) to the enlarged PHA in an end-to-side manner. By using this end-to-side technique, two hepatic arteries are connected with an anastomosis of a larger diameter. The larger the diameter of the anastomosis is, the easier hand suturing is to perform and the greater the improvement in the patency of the anastomosis becomes.

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		<tr>
			<td>Surgical microscope</td>
			<td>M&#246;ller-Wedel, Germany</td>
			<td>654359</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Light source</td>
			<td>OSRAM (China) Lighting Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>64627</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane Vaporizer</td>
			<td>MIDMARK Corporation</td>
			<td>VIP3000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane</td>
			<td>Baxter Healthcare Corporation</td>
			<td>40032609</td>
			<td>For Inhalation anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Normal Saline</td>
			<td>Zhejiang Tianrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>716092103</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Povidone Iodine Solution</td>
			<td>HANGZHOU MINSHENG PHARMACEUTICAL</td>
			<td>H33021567</td>
			<td>For disinfection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hemostatic forceps</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>J31020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical scissors</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>JC2116</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle-holder</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>J32030</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dressing Forceps</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>J42020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mosquito hemostatic forceps</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>W40340</td>
			<td>For liver resection; For retracting the stay sutures.&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro-scissors</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>WA1040</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro needle-holder</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>WA2060</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Curved micro typing forceps</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>WA3061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>straight micro typing forceps</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>WA3060</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro hemostatic forceps</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>WA3020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bulldog clamp</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>XEC350</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vessel clamps</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Instruments(Group) Ltd</td>
			<td>W40160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro Serrefine-curved</td>
			<td>&#160;Fine Science Tools, Inc</td>
			<td>18055-05</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dacryosyrinx</td>
			<td>Shi Zhuo medical instruments Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>5# curve</td>
			<td>Use as the curved needle for forcing out the air bubbles in the vascular lumen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterilized gauze swabs</td>
			<td>Fuqing Health &#38; Integral Medical</td>
			<td>20230R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5mL syringe</td>
			<td>Zhejiang Yusheng Medical Instrument Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>811932416</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>18G needles</td>
			<td>Shanghai Kindly Enterprise Development Group Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>01-014</td>
			<td>For fixing the upper abdomen wall</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Intima II 22G intraveous catheter</td>
			<td>Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co Ltd.</td>
			<td>383207y</td>
			<td>For making biliary stent; For infusing perfusate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>7-0 polypropylene sutures</td>
			<td>Ningbo Medical Needle Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>151026</td>
			<td>For SHVC anastomsis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>6-0 silk suture</td>
			<td>Shanghai Pudong Jinhuan Medical Products Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>2650182</td>
			<td>For ligation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Culture dish (100mm)</td>
			<td>Corning Incorporated</td>
			<td>430165</td>
			<td>used in back table for storage ice. The back table dish was placed on it.&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Culture dish (30 mm)</td>
			<td>Corning Incorporated</td>
			<td>3296</td>
			<td>As a vessel for organ preservation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Angiocath 12G intravenous catheter</td>
			<td>Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co Ltd.</td>
			<td>382277</td>
			<td>For making a IHVC cuff</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Angiocath 14G intravenous catheter</td>
			<td>Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co Ltd.</td>
			<td>382269</td>
			<td>For making a PV cuff</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Buprenorphine (hydrochloride)</td>
			<td>Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>H12020275</td>
			<td>For analgesic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cefuroxime sodium for injection</td>
			<td>Esseti FarmaceuticiS.r.l</td>
			<td>H20160013</td>
			<td>As an antibiotics</td>
		</tr>
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re-arterialized rat partial liver transplantation with an in vivo vessel-oriented 70% hepatectomy

Split liver transplantation and living liver donor liver transplantation were developed in the clinic to utilize liver organs in a more efficient manner. To better understand the mechanism behind these surgical procedures, a rat partial liver transplantation (PLTx) model was established for relevant surgical studies. Because of the complexity of the rat PLTx model, a protocol with detailed descriptions is required. An article published previously reported a protocol in which ex vivo hepatectomy was used to achieve 50% rat PLTx. In contrast to this protocol, we introduced a re-arterialized PLTx with an in vivo 70% hepatectomy. An updated vessel-oriented hepatectomy was incorporated into the rat PLTx to refine the microsurgical procedure. The portal veins and hepatic arteries of the left lateral lobe and the median lobe were individually dissected and ligated before removal of the liver parenchyma, thereby decreasing the probability of bleeding in the remnant liver stump. Furthermore, an end-to-side vessel anastomosis between the common hepatic artery and the enlarged proper hepatic artery was introduced to re-arterialize the hepatic artery. By using this end-to-side vessel anastomosis technique, the diameter of the anastomosis was enlarged, thereby decreasing the difficulty of hand suture and maintaining a high rate of anastomotic patency. Moreover, the cuff anastomosis of the infrahepatic vena cava was slightly modified. A section of circumferential liver parenchyma around the vena cava of a recipient was preserved during cuff anastomosis to maintain the three-dimensional shape of the vascular lumen. This section of liver parenchyma was removed after completing the anastomosis. With this modification, the step involving placement of stay sutures was omitted, thereby further shortening the cuff anastomosis time. By using this protocol of rat PLTx, a low liver enzyme level, an intact liver lobular architecture and a high survival rate were achieved after microsurgery.

In total, 31 cases of syngeneic arterialized rat PLTx were completed using this protocol. All of the recipients survived until the end of the observation time. The body weight of the recipients began to recover after postoperative day (POD) 4. The slope of the body weight was close to that of a normal Lewis rat after POD 6 (Figure 8), which indirectly implied the recovery of the recipient. Histologically, a slight proliferation of the bile duct was observed i...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Re-Arterialized Rat Partial Liver Transplantation with an in vivo Vessel-Oriented 70% Hepatectomy at JoVE.com

Re-Arterialized Rat Partial Liver Transplantation with an in vivo Vessel-Oriented 70% Hepatectomy

Here, a protocol involving re-arterialized rat partial liver transplantation is presented. Specifically, 70% liver was resected in vivo by using an updated technique of vessel-oriented hepatectomy. The hepatic artery was reconstructed in an end-to-side manner. The cuff technique was modified to shorten the anastomosis time of the infrahepatic vena cava.

Re-Arterialized Rat Partial Liver Transplantation with an in vivo Vessel-Oriented 70% Hepatectomy

Split liver transplantation and living liver donor liver transplantation were developed in the clinic to utilize liver organs in a more efficient manner. ...

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Medicine

Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in Rats

Clinical progress in the field of liver transplantation has been largely supported by animal models1,2. Since the publication of the first orthotopic rat ...

Surgical Procedures for a Rat Model of Partial Orthotopic Liver Transplantation with Hepatic Arterial Reconstruction

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in rats using a whole or partial graft is an indispensable experimental model for transplantation research, such as ...

Using Quantitative Real-time PCR to Determine Donor Cell Engraftment in a Competitive Murine Bone Marrow Transplantation Model

Murine bone marrow transplantation models provide an important tool in measuring hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functions and determining genes/molecules ...

Heterotopic Auxiliary Rat Liver Transplantation With Flow-regulated Portal Vein Arterialization in Acute Hepatic Failure

In acute hepatic failure auxiliary liver transplantation is an interesting alternative approach. The aim is to provide a temporary support until the ...

Visualization of Vascular and Parenchymal Regeneration after 70% Partial Hepatectomy in Normal Mice

A modified silicone injection procedure was used for visualization of the hepatic vascular tree. This procedure consisted of in-vivo injection of the ...

Rat Model of the Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy (ALPPS) Procedure

Rat Model of the Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy ALPPS Procedure

Recent clinical data support an aggressive surgical approach to both primary and metastatic liver tumors. For some indications, like colorectal liver ...

Intrasplenic Transplantation of Hepatocytes After Partial Hepatectomy in NOD.SCID Mice

Partial hepatectomy is a versatile and reproducible method to study liver regeneration and the effect of cell based therapeutics in various pathological ...

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Anastomotic leakage is a disastrous complication after colorectal surgery. Although current methods for leakage prevention have different levels of ...

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a clinical condition caused by various etiologies resulting in the loss of metabolic, biochemical, synthesizing, and ...

Reduced Complications after Arterial Reconnection in a Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

The rat orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) model is a powerful tool to study acute and chronic rejection. However, it is not a complete representation ...