作者感激地感谢北卡罗来纳州立大学提供的财政支持。米拉德 Abolhasani 和罗伯特 w. 无害技术有限公司感激地承认从 unc 研究机会倡议 (unc ROI) 赠款的财政支持。

1. 反应堆总成
<img alt="Figure 1" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/57666/57666fig1.jpg"> 图 1.示例平台程序集过程的分步说明.这些面板显示了一个示例平台装配过程的分步演示, 详细介绍了 (i) 在安装面包宽上的平移阶段和光学后端的初始排列, (ii) 前置管安装阶段的安装和流单元到光学柱上, (iii) 将微流控管附着在具有透明度的自定义交叉路口上, 以显示流动通路, (iv) 在同时定位第一取样单元时, 确保前体油管的安全 (v)随后, 附加取样单位与反应堆油管的连接贯穿每个模块, (vi) 反应堆延伸单元的油管通路, (vii) 确保最后取样单元的安全, 以支持结构和光学哨所。<a href="/files/ftp_upload/57666/57666fig1large.jpg" target="_blank">请单击此处查看此图的较大版本.</a>
注: 由于多种可能的配置, 微流控平台的精确装配过程可能会有所不同;然而, 所有安排的一般方法都是相同的。下面和图 1中详细说明了在 14th取样端口之后具有单个扩展单元的双前体、多相流格式的平台组装过程。
<ol><li>确保翻译阶段和开机自检者对光学案板。将接合安装阶段和流动单元连接到柱子上, 并将其固定在平台上。</li>
	<li>将反应堆油管和前体进给线连接到自定义交叉路口, 并通过所提阶段的通道给油管喂食。确保每个油管段被切割到一个长度, 可以舒适地达到各自的注射器泵或收集瓶。</li>
	<li>将第一取样端口单元连接到接合阶段, 并将前置线盖固定在凸起的安装阶段, 确保所有管状元件和第一取样单元就位。</li>
	<li>通过在所需组件上运行反应器油管, 并将各段连接到组装结构的其余部分, 添加额外的模块化反应器单元。从接合处建立单元, 直到得到所需的长度和排列。 注: 反应堆油管应牢固地安装在每个单元内。油管 (拉伸、压接等) 的变形对光信号强度有显著影响。</li>
	<li>将支撑结构固定在最后一个取样段的出口上, 并确保对连接到案板的光学柱的支持。</li>
	<li>将流系统的进给线与计算机控制的注射器泵连接, 并将反应器出口进氮气加压 (~ 12 psig) 收集瓶中。</li>
	<li>将3光纤贴线连接到3个流单元端口, 并将其两端分别连接到光谱仪、LED 和氘卤素 (DH) 光源。确保电缆能够顺利地与整个转换阶段的长度, 并没有任何不必要的应变与流单元的连接, 以完成平台组件 (如图 2所示)。</li>
</ol>2. 前体准备
注: 反应筛选系统可应用于各种胶体半导体纳米晶的合成;但是, 为了平台开发和验证, CsPbBr3钙钛矿合成, 从伟et . 中改编。6为了更好地适应流分析, 被用作案例研究反应。前体制备过程详述如下。
<ol><li>在密封的14毫升瓶中结合109毫克的四正辛基溴、1毫升油酸和20毫升甲苯, 制备15毫升0.013 米溴化物前驱体。</li>
	<li>在室温下用力搅拌混合物, 直到得到明确的溶液。</li>
	<li>先将氢氧化铯的0.6 毫摩尔、0.6 毫摩尔 (II) 氧化物和3毫升的油酸, 用隔膜在密封的8毫升瓶中, 制备48毫升0.0021 米的铯-铅前驱体。<ol>
<li>刺穿隔膜与针通风和加热溶液在160°c 在油浴, 并大力搅拌, 直到一个明确的解决方案 (约15分钟)。</li>
		<li>将瓶子和针头移到烤箱中, 加热120摄氏度1小时, 然后取出排气针, 让溶液在露天冷却到室温。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>在密封的50毫升瓶中加入0.5 毫升高浓度铯-铅混合物, 在47.5 毫升甲苯中搅拌。</li>
	<li>载入溴前驱体并将铯铅前驱体稀释到各自的注射器中, 并在所需的条件下将两个前驱体一起流动, 开始自动表征过程 (见步骤 3)。 注: 对于在代表性结果下详细说明的实验, 体积注入比为 6.4: 1 的铯-导致溴化物和1:1 的气载相到净液在可变总流速下使用。</li>
</ol>3. 接口操作
注: 整个数据收集是通过自动反应平台进行的, 用户指定一系列的流量条件进行测试。下面详细介绍了在初始输入期间操作用户界面的一般过程。
<ol><li>打开自动操作软件以查看用户界面前面板 (如图 3所示)。</li>
	<li>移动到光谱仪设置面板, 然后开始填充所有输入。<ol>
<li>将所需的数据保存文件夹的文件路径粘贴到数据的文件根框中。</li>
		<li>在光谱仪签证下, 选择光谱仪的 USB 连接地址。如果不知道光谱仪 USB 地址, 请通过桌面的设备管理器页标识其位置。</li>
		<li>选择集成时间、每个样本平均值的光谱数, 以及(吸收 (Abs)和荧光 (流感) 的每个条件保存的光谱数。在步骤2中详细说明的情况下, 将12毫秒的吸收时间和4毫秒的荧光平均值定为10光谱。</li>
		<li>如果描述单相流, 请继续执行下一步, 使多相按钮处于关闭状态。如果对多相流进行了描述, 请选择 "多相" 按钮并设置最小采样长度, 以便大约2个完整的气液振荡可以通过取样点。然后在该取样窗口中分配样本数。 注: 多相流中的采样时间分辨率可能受光谱仪设置的限制, 如果寻求更高的分辨率, 则可能需要进行调整。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>移动到泵配置面板, 然后开始填充所有输入。<ol>
<li>在注射器 1 com、注射器 2 com、和双泵 com 中,将 USB 通信地址分配给所有泵。有关地址标识过程, 请参见步骤3.2.2。</li>
		<li>设置在所使用的所有注射器上, 可在泵接口或注射器手册中找到的注射器内径。对于不实施所有注射器的配置, 请将多余的注射器直径留在缺省值上。</li>
		<li>如果收集吸收参考光谱, 确定一个可接受的空白解决方案, 将其加载到附加的注射器中, 并将相应的注射器设置为相应的Ref 流量框中的适度流速 (大约300µL/分钟)。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>移动到系统配置面板并开始填充所有输入。<ol>
<li>如果已优化舞台位置并在舞台位置下正确显示, 请选择使用上一位置按钮并移动到下一步。如果尚未优化舞台位置, 请使用. csv 向量和文件路径框指定舞台位置窗口大小, 并将大致阶段位置 (在位置范围内) 链接。将舞台递增框保留为0.5 毫米,启动刀路框为8。</li>
		<li>计算从连接中心到最终取样端口的反应堆段的体积, 并将该值输入到系统卷框中。在十年代保持最小平衡时间。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>双击所有输入的准确性, 然后在接口的左上选择Run按钮。 注意: 一旦软件开始运行, 前面板上的输入可能不会更改。</li>
	<li>在保存参考光谱窗口中, 如果引用光谱将被保存或No , 则选择是。</li>
	<li>在设置条件流速窗口中, 选择多达30个所需的流量配置进行测试, 将所有未使用的注射器输入留空。</li>
	<li>选择确定并允许系统运行, 直到取样所有所需的条件为止;系统自行关闭。如果由于任何原因需要停止系统, 请选择 "早期停止" 按钮, 并允许进程关闭。 警告: 使用接口左上的中止按钮将不允许系统关闭泵或光源, 可能会损坏设备和/或通过紫外线照射造成重大的健康风险。</li>
</ol>4. 光谱分析更正
<ol><li>为了获得每个端口的光谱分析校正相关性, 首先将 perovskites 分散在甲苯中的稳定溶液注入反应器段, 直到反应器管均匀填充为止。</li>
	<li>对此统一解决方案运行自动采样过程, 以实现流单元的4个完整传递 (请参见操作过程的步骤 3)。</li>
	<li>对荧光光谱和吸收光谱进行基线校正, 然后对通过端口位置的刀路进行平均总体。将参照波长强度的所有曲线正常化为 455 nm 和 485 nm, 分别用于吸收和荧光 (请参见图 4)。</li>
	<li>使用计算在每个端口的正常化系数, 以比例缩放所有后续光谱的曲线。</li>
</ol>

<ol>
	<li>Tan, Z. -. K., Moghaddam, R. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bright+light-emitting+diodes+based+on+organometal+halide+perovskite.">Bright light-emitting diodes based on organometal halide perovskite.</a> Nature Nanotechnology. 9 (9), 687-692 (2014).</li><li>Kojima, A., Teshima, K., Shirai, Y., Miyasaka, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Organometal+halide+perovskites+as+visible-light+sensitizers+for+photovoltaic+cells.">Organometal halide perovskites as visible-light sensitizers for photovoltaic cells.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 131 (17), 6050-6051 (2009).</li><li>Huang, H., Bodnarchuk, M. I., Kershaw, S. V., Kovalenko, M. V., Rogach, A. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lead+halide+perovskite+nanocrystals+in+the+research+spotlight:+stability+and+defect+tolerance.">Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals in the research spotlight: stability and defect tolerance.</a> ACS Energy Letters. 2 (9), 2071-2083 (2017).</li><li>Gr&#228;tzel, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+light+and+shade+of+perovskite+solar+cells.">The light and shade of perovskite solar cells.</a> Nature Materials. 13, 838 (2014).</li><li>Schmidt, L. C., Perteg&#225;s, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nontemplate+synthesis+of+CH3NH3PbBr3+perovskite+nanoparticles.">Nontemplate synthesis of CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite nanoparticles.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 136 (3), 850-853 (2014).</li><li>Wei, S., Yang, Y., Kang, X., Wang, L., Huang, L., Pan, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Room-temperature+and+gram-scale+synthesis+of+CsPbX3+(X+=+Cl,+Br,+I)+perovskite+nanocrystals+with+50-85%+photoluminescence+quantum+yields.">Room-temperature and gram-scale synthesis of CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals with 50-85% photoluminescence quantum yields.</a> Chemical Communications. 52 (45), 7265-7268 (2016).</li><li>Vybornyi, O., Yakunin, S. V., Kovalenko, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polar-solvent-free+colloidal+synthesis+of+highly+luminescent+alkylammonium+lead+halide+perovskite+nanocrystals.">Polar-solvent-free colloidal synthesis of highly luminescent alkylammonium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals.</a> Nanoscale. 8 (12), 6278-6283 (2016).</li><li>Sun, S., Yuan, D., Xu, Y., Wang, A., Deng, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ligand-mediated+synthesis+of+shape-controlled+cesium+lead+halide+perovskite+nanocrystals+via+reprecipitation+process+at+room+temperature.">Ligand-mediated synthesis of shape-controlled cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals via reprecipitation process at room temperature.</a> ACS Nano. 10 (3), 3648-3657 (2016).</li><li>Jellicoe, T. C., Richter, J. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthesis+and+optical+properties+of+lead-free+cesium+tin+halide+perovskite+nanocrystals.">Synthesis and optical properties of lead-free cesium tin halide perovskite nanocrystals.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 138 (9), 2941-2944 (2016).</li><li>Tong, Y., Bladt, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Highly+luminescent+cesium+lead+halide+perovskite+nanocrystals+with+tunable+composition+and+thickness+by+ultrasonication.">Highly luminescent cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals with tunable composition and thickness by ultrasonication.</a> Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 55 (44), 13887-13892 (2016).</li><li>Zhang, D., Eaton, S. W., Yu, Y., Dou, L., Yang, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Solution-phase+synthesis+of+cesium+lead+halide+perovskite+nanowires.">Solution-phase synthesis of cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 137 (29), 9230-9233 (2015).</li><li>Lignos, I., Stavrakis, S., Nedelcu, G., Protesescu, L., deMello, A. J., Kovalenko, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthesis+of+cesium+lead+halide+perovskite+nanocrystals+in+a+droplet-based+microfluidic+platform:+fast+parametric+space+mapping.">Synthesis of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals in a droplet-based microfluidic platform: fast parametric space mapping.</a> Nano Letters. 16 (3), 1869-1877 (2016).</li><li>Wei, S., Yang, Y., Kang, X., Wang, L., Huang, L., Pan, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Room-temperature+and+gram-scale+synthesis+of+CsPbX3+(X+=+Cl,+Br,+I)+perovskite+nanocrystals+with+50-85%+photoluminescence+quantum+yields.">Room-temperature and gram-scale synthesis of CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals with 50-85% photoluminescence quantum yields.</a> Chemical Communications. 52 (45), 7265-7268 (2016).</li><li>Protesescu, L., Yakunin, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nanocrystals+of+cesium+lead+halide+perovskites+(CsPbX+3+,+X+=+Cl,+Br,+and+I):+novel+optoelectronic+materials+showing+bright+emission+with+wide+color+gamut.">Nanocrystals of cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX 3 , X = Cl, Br, and I): novel optoelectronic materials showing bright emission with wide color gamut.</a> Nano Letters. 15 (6), 3692-3696 (2015).</li><li>Epps, R. W., Felton, K. C., Coley, C. W., Abolhasani, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Automated+microfluidic+platform+for+systematic+studies+of+colloidal+perovskite+nanocrystals:+towards+continuous+nano-manufacturing.">Automated microfluidic platform for systematic studies of colloidal perovskite nanocrystals: towards continuous nano-manufacturing.</a> Lab Chip. 23 (17), 4040-4047 (2017).</li><li>Lignos, I., Protesescu, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Facile+droplet-based+microfluidic+synthesis+of+monodisperse+IV-VI+semiconductor+nanocrystals+with+coupled+in-line+NIR+fluorescence+detection.">Facile droplet-based microfluidic synthesis of monodisperse IV-VI semiconductor nanocrystals with coupled in-line NIR fluorescence detection.</a> Chemistry of Materials. 26 (9), 2975-2982 (2014).</li><li>Park, J., Saffari, A., Kumar, S., G&#252;nther, A., Kumacheva, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microfluidic+synthesis+of+polymer+and+inorganic+particulate+materials.">Microfluidic synthesis of polymer and inorganic particulate materials.</a> Annual Review of Materials Research. 40 (1), 415-443 (2010).</li><li>Phillips, T. W., Lignos, I. G., Maceiczyk, R. M., deMello, A. J., deMello, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nanocrystal+synthesis+in+microfluidic+reactors:+where+next.">Nanocrystal synthesis in microfluidic reactors: where next.</a> Lab on a Chip. 14 (17), 3172-3180 (2014).</li><li>Lignos, I., Stavrakis, S., Kilaj, A., deMello, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Millisecond-timescale+monitoring+of+PBS+nanoparticle+nucleation+and+growth+using+droplet-based+microfluidics.">Millisecond-timescale monitoring of PBS nanoparticle nucleation and growth using droplet-based microfluidics.</a> Small. 11 (32), 4009-4017 (2015).</li><li>Abolhasani, M., Coley, C. W., Xie, L., Chen, O., Bawendi, M. G., Jensen, K. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oscillatory+microprocessor+for+growth+and+in+situ.+characterization+of+semiconductor+nanocrystals.">Oscillatory microprocessor for growth and in situ. characterization of semiconductor nanocrystals.</a> Chemistry of Materials. 27 (17), 6131-6138 (2015).</li><li>Chen, D. L., Gerdts, C. J., Ismagilov, R. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Using+microfluidics+to+observe+the+effect+of+mixing+on+nucleation+of+protein+crystals.">Using microfluidics to observe the effect of mixing on nucleation of protein crystals.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 127 (27), 9672-9673 (2005).</li></ol>

北卡罗来纳州立大学在讨论的微流控平台上提交了一项临时专利 (#62/558155)。

自动取样系统:采用中央控制有限状态机进行屏蔽平台的自主运行。这些状态之间的移动依次与多个递归段一起进行, 以允许在不同的采样条件下进行操作。一般系统控制可分为3个核心阶段。首先, 系统从初始化步骤开始, 通过每个 USB 控制组件建立通信, 自动定义文件保存路径, 并提示输入初始用户。然后, 该程序在采样过程中对每个进入的反应条件运行, 直到收集到所有所需的数据为?...

半导体纳米晶, 特别是量子点的出现, 推动了电子材料研究和制造领域的重大进步。例如, 量子点指示灯1已经在商用的 "QLED" 显示中实现。最近, 在这类半导体中, perovskites 已经引起了对高效率和低成本光伏技术的大量兴趣和研究。自从2009年第一次以钙钛矿为基础的光伏演示以来,2在历史上的任何光伏技术中, 以钙钛矿为基础的太阳能电池的实验室规模功率转换效率都以无与伦比的速度增长。3,4除了以钙钛矿为基础的 PVs 的驱动兴趣外, 最近的各种方法描述了钙钛矿纳米晶的简便胶体合成, 为钙钛矿 QDs 的低成本、溶液相处理创造了机会。商用电子产品。5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14
在对胶体钙钛矿 QDs 进行大规模纳米制造的努力中, 首先必须对纳米晶生长通路和有效控制反应条件有更好的基本认识。然而, 对这些过程的现有研究传统上依赖于基于烧瓶的方法。批综合策略在材料表征和生产方面呈现出各种固有的局限性, 但最显著的是, 基于烧瓶的技术在筛选时间和前体消耗方面效率极低, 并表明烧瓶尺寸依赖性传质性质, 抑制合成一致性。15为了有效地研究胶体半导体纳米晶的生长途径, 通过大量的报告合成程序, 并在广泛的相关样品空间内, 需要更有效的筛选技术。在过去的两年中, 开发了一系列微流控技术, 用于研究胶体纳米晶, 利用化学消耗大大降低, 高通量筛选方法的可获得性, 以及可能的连续合成系统中的过程控制实现。12,16,17,18,19,20
在这项工作中, 我们报告的设计和开发的自动化微流控平台的高通量原位研究胶体半导体纳米晶。一种新颖的平移流单元、高度模块化的设计, 以及现成的管式电抗器和射流连接的集成, 形成了一个独特且适应性强的可重构平台, 直接应用于发现、筛选和优化胶体纳米晶。利用我们的检测技术 (即三端口流单元) 的平移能力, 首次证明了混合和反应时间刻度的系统解耦, 同时改进了取样效率和收集率超过传统的固定流动细胞方法。利用该平台, 使胶体纳米晶合成的高通量和精密带隙工程朝着连续的纳米制造策略发展。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:888px;" width="888">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Toluene</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">AC364410010</td>
			<td style="width:257px;">99.85% extra over molecular sieves</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Oleic acid</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">364525&#160;ALDRICH</td>
			<td>technical grade 90%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Cesium hydroxide (50 wt% in water)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">232041 ALDRICH</td>
			<td>50 wt% in water &#62; 99.9% trace metals</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Lead(II) oxide</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">211907 SIGMA-ALDRICH</td>
			<td>&#62; 99.9% trace metals basis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Tetraoctylammonium bromide</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">294136 ALDRICH</td>
			<td>98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">1/16&#34; OD, 0.04&#34; ID FEP tubing</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">MicroSolv</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">48410-40</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">1/16&#34; OD, 0.02&#34; ID ETFE tubing</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">MicroSolv</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">48510-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">0.02&#34; thru hole PEEK Tee</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">P-712</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">1/4-28 ETFE flangeless ferrule for 1/16&#34;</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">P-200N</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">1/4-28 PEEK flangeless nut for 1/16&#34;</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">P-230</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">4-way PEEK L-valve</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">IDEX Health &#38; Science</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">V-100L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Syringe pump</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">70-3007</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">8 mL stainless steel syringe</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">70-2267</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">25 mL glass syringe</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Scientific Glass Engineering</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">25MDF-LL-GT</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Optical breadboard</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ThorLabs</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">MB1224</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">300 mm translation stage</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ThorLabs</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">LTS300</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Optical post</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ThorLabs</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">TR2-4</td>
			<td>TR2, TR3, or TR4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Optical post holder</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ThorLabs</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">PH4-6</td>
			<td>PH4 or PH6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">365 nm LED</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ThorLabs</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">M365LP1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">LED driver</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ThorLabs</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">LEDD1B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">600 micron patch cord</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Ocean Optics</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">QP600-1-SR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Deuterium-halogen light source</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Ocean Optics</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">DH-2000-BAL</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Miniature spectrometer</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Ocean Optics</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">FLAME-S-XR1-ES</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Multifuction I/O device (DAQ)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">National Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">USB-6001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:272px;">Virtual Instrument Software</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">National Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:168px;">LabVIEW 2015 SP1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a modular microfluidic technology for systematic studies of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals

胶体半导体纳米晶, 称为量子点 (QDs), 是一个快速增长的类材料在商业电子, 如发光二极管 (led) 和光伏 (PVs)。在这一物质群中, 无机/有机 perovskites 在高电荷载流子导纳和寿命的情况下, 对高效、低成本的光伏制造具有显著的改善和潜力。尽管钙钛矿 QDs 在大型光伏发电和 LED 应用方面有机会, 但缺乏对其生长途径的基本和全面的了解, 阻碍了它们在连续纳米制造战略中的适应能力。传统的烧瓶筛选方法一般是昂贵的, 劳动密集型的, 不精确的, 以有效地表征广泛的参数空间和合成品种有关的胶体的反应。在这项工作中, 开发了一个全自主的微流控平台, 系统地研究了在连续流格式中与纳米晶胶体合成相关的大参数空间。该系统通过应用一种新的三端口流单元和模块化反应器扩展单元, 可快速采集 3-196 厘米范围内的荧光光谱和吸收光谱。可调整的反应器长度不仅分离的停留时间从速度依赖的传质, 它也极大地提高采样率和化学消耗量由于40唯一光谱的描述在一个单一平衡系统。采样率每天可达3万种独特的光谱, 条件涵盖 100 ms-17 分钟不等的居住时间4级。该系统的进一步应用将大大提高今后研究中材料发现和筛选的速度和精确度。本报告中详细介绍了系统材料和组装协议, 其中概述了自动取样软件和离线数据处理。

示例频谱:利用所讨论的微流控平台, 通过监测其吸收和荧光光谱的时间演化, 可以直接研究胶体半导体纳米晶在合成温度下的成核和生长阶段。在均匀混合条件下形成的纳米晶。图 5A显示一组在三端口流单元格的单个传递中获得的光谱示例。虽然单独的发射波长分布为高品质 LED 制造的应用提供了宝贵的洞察力, 但在实验验证...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals at JoVE.com

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

本文详细介绍了一种用于胶体半导体纳米晶合成系统表征的模块化微流控屏蔽平台的操作和组装协议。通过完全可调的系统安排, 高效率的光谱收集可以在一个质量转移控制取样空间内跨4级的反应时间尺度进行。

胶体半导体纳米晶系统研究的模块化微流控技术

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, known as quantum dots (QDs), are a rapidly growing class of materials in commercial electronics, such as light ...

a-modular-microfluidic-technology-for-systematic-studies-colloidal

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

9.5K 次观看.  North Carolina State University. 本文详细介绍了一种用于胶体半导体纳米晶合成系统表征的模块化微流控屏蔽平台的操作和组装协议。通过完全可调的系统安排, 高效率的光谱收集可以在一个质量转移控制取样空间内跨4级的反应时间尺度进行。

视频: A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Harvesting Solar Energy by Means of Charge-Separating Nanocrystals and Their Solids

Conjoining different semiconductor materials in a single nano-composite provides synthetic means for the development of novel optoelectronic materials offering a superior control over the spatial distribution of charge carriers across material interfaces. As this study demonstrates, a combination of donor-acceptor nanocrystal (NC) domains in a single nanoparticle can lead to the realization of efficient photocatalytic1-5 materials, while a layered assembly of donor- and acceptor-like nanocrystals films gives rise to photovoltaic materials.
Initially the paper focuses on the synthesis of composite inorganic nanocrystals, comprising linearly stacked ZnSe, CdS, and Pt domains, which jointly promote photoinduced charge separation. These structures are used in aqueous solutions for the photocatalysis of water under solar radiation, resulting in the production of H2 gas. To enhance the photoinduced separation of charges, a nanorod morphology with a linear gradient originating from an intrinsic electric field is used5. The inter-domain energetics are then optimized to drive photogenerated electrons toward the Pt catalytic site while expelling the holes to the surface of ZnSe domains for sacrificial regeneration (via methanol). Here we show that the only efficient way to produce hydrogen is to use electron-donating ligands to passivate the surface states by tuning the energy level alignment at the semiconductor-ligand interface. Stable and efficient reduction of water is allowed by these ligands due to the fact that they fill vacancies in the valence band of the semiconductor domain, preventing energetic holes from degrading it. Specifically, we show that the energy of the hole is transferred to the ligand moiety, leaving the semiconductor domain functional. This enables us to return the entire nanocrystal-ligand system to a functional state, when the ligands are degraded, by simply adding fresh ligands to the system4.
To promote a photovoltaic charge separation, we use a composite two-layer solid of PbS and TiO2 films. In this configuration, photoinduced electrons are injected into TiO2 and are subsequently picked up by an FTO electrode, while holes are channeled to a Au electrode via PbS layer6. To develop the latter we introduce a Semiconductor Matrix Encapsulated Nanocrystal Arrays (SMENA) strategy, which allows bonding PbS NCs into the surrounding matrix of CdS semiconductor. As a result, fabricated solids exhibit excellent thermal stability, attributed to the heteroepitaxial structure of nanocrystal-matrix interfaces, and show compelling light-harvesting performance in prototype solar cells7.

A general strategy for the development of charge-separating semiconductor nanocrystal composites deployable for solar energy production is presented. We show that assembly of donor-acceptor nanocrystal domains in a single nanoparticle geometry gives rise to a photocatalytic function, while bulk-heterojunctions of donor-acceptor nanocrystal films can be used for photovoltaic energy conversion.

通过电荷分离纳米晶及其固体收获太阳能

Conjoining different semiconductor materials in a single nano-composite provides synthetic means for the development of novel optoelectronic materials ...

科研

工程学

Scalable Nanohelices for Predictive Studies and Enhanced 3D Visualization

Spring-like materials are ubiquitous in nature and of interest in nanotechnology for energy harvesting, hydrogen storage, and biological sensing applications.&#160; For predictive simulations, it has become increasingly important to be able to model the structure of nanohelices accurately.&#160; To study the effect of local structure on the properties of these complex geometries one must develop realistic models.&#160; To date, software packages are rather limited in creating atomistic helical models.&#160; This work focuses on producing atomistic models of silica glass (SiO2) nanoribbons and nanosprings for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Using an MD model of &#8220;bulk&#8221; silica glass, two computational procedures to precisely create the shape of nanoribbons and nanosprings are presented.&#160; The first method employs the AWK programming language and open-source software to effectively carve various shapes of silica nanoribbons from the initial bulk model, using desired dimensions and parametric equations to define a helix.&#160; With this method, accurate atomistic silica nanoribbons can be generated for a range of pitch values and dimensions.&#160; The second method involves a more robust code which allows flexibility in modeling nanohelical structures.&#160; This approach utilizes a C++ code particularly written to implement pre-screening methods as well as the mathematical equations for a helix, resulting in greater precision and efficiency when creating nanospring models.&#160; Using these codes, well-defined and scalable nanoribbons and nanosprings suited for atomistic simulations can be effectively created.&#160; An added value in both open-source codes is that they can be adapted to reproduce different helical structures, independent of material.&#160; In addition, a MATLAB graphical user interface (GUI) is used to enhance learning through visualization and interaction for a general user with the atomistic helical structures.&#160; One application of these methods is the recent study of nanohelices via MD simulations for mechanical energy harvesting purposes.

Accurate modeling of nanohelical structures is important for predictive simulation studies leading to novel nanotechnology applications.&#160; Currently, software packages and codes are limited in creating atomistic helical models.&#160; We present two procedures designed to create atomistic nanohelical models for simulations, and a graphical interface to enhance research through visualization.

可扩展的Nanohelices的预测研究和增强的3D可视化

Spring-like materials are ubiquitous in nature and of interest in nanotechnology for energy harvesting, hydrogen storage, and biological sensing ...

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping

As mass-produced silicon transistors have reached the nano-scale, their behavior and performances are increasingly affected, and often deteriorated, by quantum mechanical effects such as tunneling through single dopants, scattering via interface defects, and discrete trap charge states. However, progress in silicon technology has shown that these phenomena can be harnessed and exploited for a new class of quantum-based electronics. Among others, multi-layer-gated silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) technology can be used to control single charge or spin confined in electrostatically-defined quantum dots (QD). These QD-based devices are an excellent platform for quantum computing applications and, recently, it has been demonstrated that they can also be used as single-electron pumps, which are accurate sources of quantized current for metrological purposes. Here, we discuss in detail the fabrication protocol for silicon MOS QDs which is relevant to both quantum computing and quantum metrology applications. Moreover, we describe characterization methods to test the integrity of the devices after fabrication. Finally, we give a brief description of the measurement set-up used for charge pumping experiments and show representative results of electric current quantization.

The fabrication process and experimental characterization techniques relevant to single-electron pumps based on silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dots are discussed.

硅金属 - 氧化物 - 半导体量子点单电子泵

As mass-produced silicon transistors have reached the nano-scale, their behavior and performances are increasingly affected, and often deteriorated, by ...

Ohmic Contact Fabrication Using a Focused-ion Beam Technique and Electrical Characterization for Layer Semiconductor Nanostructures

Layer semiconductors with easily processed two-dimensional (2D) structures exhibit indirect-to-direct bandgap transitions and superior transistor performance, which suggest a new direction for the development of next-generation ultrathin and flexible photonic and electronic devices. Enhanced luminescence quantum efficiency has been widely observed in these atomically thin 2D crystals. However, dimension effects beyond quantum confinement thicknesses or even at the micrometer scale are not expected and have rarely been observed. In this study, molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) layer crystals with a thickness range of 6-2,700 nm were fabricated as two- or four-terminal devices. Ohmic contact formation was successfully achieved by the focused-ion beam (FIB) deposition method using platinum (Pt) as a contact metal. Layer crystals with various thicknesses were prepared through simple mechanical exfoliation by using dicing tape. Current-voltage curve measurements were performed to determine the conductivity value of the layer nanocrystals. In addition, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected-area electron diffractometry, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize the interface of the metal&#8211;semiconductor contact of the FIB-fabricated MoSe2 devices. After applying the approaches, the substantial thickness-dependent electrical conductivity in a wide thickness range for the MoSe2-layer semiconductor was observed. The conductivity increased by over two orders of magnitude from 4.6 to 1,500 &#937;&#8722;1 cm&#8722;1, with a decrease in the thickness from 2,700 to 6 nm. In addition, the temperature-dependent conductivity indicated that the thin MoSe2 multilayers exhibited considerably weak semiconducting behavior with activation energies of 3.5-8.5 meV, which are considerably smaller than those (36-38 meV) of the bulk. Probable surface-dominant transport properties and the presence of a high surface electron concentration in MoSe2 are proposed. Similar results can be obtained for other layer semiconductor materials such as MoS2 and WS2.

We describe the approaches for the device fabrication and electrical characterization of molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) layer semiconductor nanostructures with different thicknesses. In addition, the fabrication of ohmic contacts for MoSe2-layer nanocrystals by the focused-ion beam deposition method using platinum (Pt) as a contact metal is described.

欧姆接触制造用聚焦离子束技术和电气特性的半导体层的纳米结构

Layer semiconductors with easily processed two-dimensional (2D) structures exhibit indirect-to-direct bandgap transitions and superior transistor ...

Fabrication of Low Temperature Carbon Nanotube Vertical Interconnects Compatible with Semiconductor Technology

We demonstrate a method for the low temperature growth (350 &#176;C) of vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes (CNT) bundles on electrically conductive thin-films. Due to the low growth temperature, the process allows integration with modern low-&#954; dielectrics and some flexible substrates. The process is compatible with standard semiconductor fabrication, and a method for the fabrication of electrical 4-point probe test structures for vertical interconnect test structures is presented. Using scanning electron microscopy the morphology of the CNT bundles is investigated, which demonstrates vertical alignment of the CNT and can be used to tune the CNT growth time. With Raman spectroscopy the crystallinity of the CNT is investigated. It was found that the CNT have many defects, due to the low growth temperature. The electrical current-voltage measurements of the test vertical interconnects displays a linear response, indicating good ohmic contact was achieved between the CNT bundle and the top and bottom metal electrodes. The obtained resistivities of the CNT bundle are among the average values in the literature, while a record-low CNT growth temperature was used.

A method for the growth of low temperature vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes, and the subsequent fabrication of vertical interconnect electrical test structures using semiconductor fabrication is presented.

低温碳纳米管垂直互连的制作兼容半导体技术

We demonstrate a method for the low temperature growth (350 &#176;C) of vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes (CNT) bundles on electrically conductive ...

Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets

Here, we demonstrate a simple method for the rapid production of size-controllable, monodisperse, W/O microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal microfluidic device. W/O microdroplets have recently been used in powerful methods that enable miniaturized chemical experiments. Therefore, developing a versatile method to yield monodisperse W/O microdroplets is needed. We have developed a method for generating monodisperse W/O microdroplets based on a capillary-based centrifugal axisymmetric co-flowing microfluidic device. We succeeded in controlling the size of microdroplets by adjusting the capillary orifice. Our method requires equipment that is easier-to-use than with other microfluidic techniques, requires only a small volume (0.1-1 &#181;l) of sample solution for encapsulation, and enables the production of hundreds of thousands number of W/O microdroplets per second. We expect this method will assist biological studies that require precious biological samples by conserving the volume of the samples for rapid quantitative analysis biochemical and biological studies.

Here, we demonstrate a simple production method for size-controllable, monodisperse, water-in-oil (W/O) microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal microfluidic device. This method requires only a small sample volume and enables high-yield production. We expect this method will be useful for rapid biochemical and cellular analyses.

基于毛细管的离心微流体装置单分散微滴的大小可控的形成

Here, we demonstrate a simple method for the rapid production of size-controllable, monodisperse, W/O microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal ...

Comprehensive Characterization of Extended Defects in Semiconductor Materials by a Scanning Electron Microscope

Extended defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries have a strong influence on the performance of microelectronic devices and on other applications of semiconductor materials. However, it is still under debate how the defect structure determines the band structure, and therefore, the recombination behavior of electron-hole pairs responsible for the optical and electrical properties of the extended defects. The present paper is a survey of procedures for the spatially resolved investigation of structural and of physical properties of extended defects in semiconductor materials with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Representative examples are given for crystalline silicon. The luminescence behavior of extended defects can be investigated by cathodoluminescence (CL) measurements. They are particularly valuable because spectrally and spatially resolved information can be obtained simultaneously. For silicon, with an indirect electronic band structure, CL measurements should be carried out at low temperatures down to 5 K due to the low fraction of radiative recombination processes in comparison to non-radiative transitions at room temperature. For the study of the electrical properties of extended defects, the electron beam induced current (EBIC) technique can be applied. The EBIC image reflects the local distribution of defects due to the increased charge-carrier recombination in their vicinity. The procedure for EBIC investigations is described for measurements at room temperature and at low temperatures. Internal strain fields arising from extended defects can be determined quantitatively by cross-correlation electron backscatter diffraction (ccEBSD). This method is challenging because of the necessary preparation of the sample surface and because of the quality of the diffraction patterns which are recorded during the mapping of the sample. The spatial resolution of the three experimental techniques is compared.

The optical, electrical, and structural properties of dislocations and of grain boundaries in semiconductor materials can be determined by experiments performed in a scanning electron microscope. Electron microscopy has been used to investigate cathodoluminescence, electron beam induced current, and diffraction of backscattered electrons.

通过扫描电子显微镜在半导体材料的扩展缺陷的全面表征

Extended defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries have a strong influence on the performance of microelectronic devices and on other applications ...

Colloidal Synthesis of Nanopatch Antennas for Applications in Plasmonics and Nanophotonics

We present a method for colloidal synthesis of silver nanocubes and the use of these in combination with a smooth gold film, to fabricate plasmonic nanoscale patch antennas. This includes a detailed procedure for the fabrication of thin films with a well-controlled thickness over macroscopic areas using layer-by-layer deposition of polyelectrolyte polymers, namely poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS). These polyelectrolyte spacer layers serve as a dielectric gap in between silver nanocubes and a gold film. By controlling the size of the nanocubes or the gap thickness, the plasmon resonance can be tuned from about 500 nm to 700 nm. Next, we demonstrate how to incorporate organic sulfo-cyanine5 carboxylic acid (Cy5) dye molecules into the dielectric polymer gap region of the nanopatch antennas. Finally, we show greatly enhanced fluorescence of the Cy5 dyes by spectrally matching the plasmon resonance with the excitation energy and the Cy5 absorption peak. The method presented here enables the fabrication of plasmonic nanopatch antennas with well-controlled dimensions utilizing colloidal synthesis and a layer-by-layer dip-coating process with the potential for low cost and large-scale production. These nanopatch antennas hold great promise for practical applications, for example in sensing, ultrafast optoelectronic devices and for high-efficiency photodetectors.

A protocol for the colloidal synthesis of silver nanocubes and fabrication of plasmonic nanoscale patch antennas with sub-10 nm gaps is presented.

在等离子体激元和纳米光子学应用Nanopatch天线的合成胶体

We present a method for colloidal synthesis of silver nanocubes and the use of these in combination with a smooth gold film, to fabricate plasmonic ...

Creating Sub-50 Nm Nanofluidic Junctions in PDMS Microfluidic Chip via Self-Assembly Process of Colloidal Particles

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the prevailing building material to make microfluidic devices due to its ease of molding and bonding as well as its transparency. Due to the softness of the PDMS material, however, it is challenging to use PDMS for building nanochannels. The channels tend to collapse easily during plasma bonding. In this paper, we present an evaporation-driven self-assembly method of silica colloidal nanoparticles to create nanofluidic junctions with sub-50 nm pores between two microchannels. The pore size as well as the surface charge of the nanofluidic junction is tunable simply by changing the colloidal silica bead size and surface functionalization outside of the assembled microfluidic device in a vial before the self-assembly process. Using the self-assembly of nanoparticles with a bead size of 300 nm, 500 nm, and 900 nm, it was possible to fabricate a porous membrane with a pore size of ~45 nm, ~75 nm and ~135 nm, respectively. Under electrical potential, this nanoporous membrane initiated ion concentration polarization (ICP) acting as a cation-selective membrane to concentrate DNA by ~1,700 times within 15 min. This non-lithographic nanofabrication process opens up a new opportunity to build a tunable nanofluidic junction for the study of nanoscale transport processes of ions and molecules inside a PDMS microfluidic chip.

We propose a simple self-assembly technique of silica colloidal nanoparticles to create a nanofluidic junction between two microchannels in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Using this technique, a nanoporous bead membrane with a pore size down to ~45 nm was built inside a microchannel and applied to electrokinetic preconcentration of DNA samples.

通过胶体粒子自组装过程创建在PDMS微流控芯片分50纳米的纳米流体结

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the prevailing building material to make microfluidic devices due to its ease of molding and bonding as well as its ...

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices offer many advantages over those made from silicone elastomers, but bonding procedures must be developed for each thermoplastic of interest. Solvent bonding is a simple and versatile method that can be used to fabricate devices from a variety of plastics. An appropriate solvent is added between two device layers to be bonded, and heat and pressure are applied to the device to facilitate the bonding. By using an appropriate combination of solvent, plastic, heat, and pressure, the device can be sealed with a high quality bond, characterized as having high bond coverage, bond strength, optical clarity, durability over time, and low deformation or damage to microfeature geometry. We describe the procedure for bonding devices made from two popular thermoplastics, poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA), and cyclo-olefin polymer (COP), as well as a variety of methods to characterize the quality of the resulting bonds, and strategies to troubleshoot low quality bonds. These methods can be used to develop new solvent bonding protocols for other plastic-solvent systems.

Solvent bonding is a simple and versatile method for fabricating thermoplastic microfluidic devices with high quality bonds. We describe a protocol to achieve strong, optically clear bonds in PMMA and COP microfluidic devices that preserve microfeature details, by a judicious combination of pressure, temperature, an appropriate solvent, and device geometry.

溶剂粘接的PMMA的制备和COP微流体装置

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices offer many advantages over those made from silicone elastomers, but bonding procedures must be developed for each ...