RNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization for Long Non-Coding RNA Localization in Human Osteosarcoma Cells

Summary

The present protocol describes a method of RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization to localize the lncRNAs in human osteosarcoma cells.

Abstract

The important roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer have been studied, such as regulating the proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, infiltration, and autophagy of cancer cells. Localization detection of lncRNAs in cells can provide insight into their functions. By designing the lncRNA-specific antisense chain sequence followed by labeling with fluorescent dyes, RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can be applied to detect the cellular localization of lncRNAs. Together with the development of microscopy, the RNA FISH techniques now even allow for visualization of the poorly expressed lncRNAs. This method can not only detect the localization of lncRNAs alone, but also detect the colocalization of other RNAs, DNA, or proteins by using double-color or multicolor immunofluorescence. Here, we have included the detailed experimental operation procedure and precautions of RNA FISH by using lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) in human osteosarcoma cells (143B) as an example, to provide a reference for researchers who want to perform RNA FISH experiments, especially lncRNA FISH.

Introduction

Our understanding of the human genome has been greatly expanded by recent advances in whole-genome technology. About 93% of the human genome can be transcribed into RNAs, but only 2% of the RNAs can be translated into proteins; the remaining 98% of RNAs that have no protein translation function are called non-coding RNA (ncRNA)¹. As a class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), containing over 200 nucleotides², have attracted increasing attention due to their involvement in many physiological and pathological processes of the cells, such as differentiation, cycle control, apoptosis, migration, and invasion

Protocol

See the Table of Materials for details of all materials, reagents, and instruments used in this protocol. Figure 1 shows the overall protocol for RNA FISH; Table 1 contains the composition of all solutions and Table 2 contains the primer sequences used in this protocol.

1. Probe preparation

1. Identify and acquire the FASTA sequence of a target lncRNA of interest, for example, from GenBan.......

Discussion

This RNA FISH protocol can not only detect the localization of lncRNAs in cells, but also detect the colocalization of other RNAs, DNA, or proteins in cells, which can also be used to detect the location of lncRNAs in paraffin-embedded tissues. However, the specific protocol in such cases is different because the paraffin-embedded tissues need to be dewaxed²¹. This experimental procedure can be applied in 48- or 96-well plates, but 384-well plates are too small to be used here.

Materials

Name	Company	Catalog Number	Comments
Automatic cell counter	Shanghai Simo Biological Technology Co., Ltd	IC1000	Counting cells
Cell culture plate-12	Shanghai YueNian Biotechnology Co., Ltd	3513,corning	Place the coverslips in the plate
Cell line (143B)	Cell Bank of Chinese Academy of Sciences	CRL-8303	osteosarcoma cancer cell line
Centrifuge tube (15 mL, 50 mL)	Shanghai YueNian Biotechnology Co., Ltd	430790, Corning	Centrifuge the cells
Coverslips	Shanghai YueNian Biotechnology Co., Ltd	abs7026	The cells are seeded on the coverslips
Cy3 label-SNHG6 DNA probe	Shanghai GenePharma Co.,Ltd	A10005	Detect SNHG6 location
DMEM media	Shanghai YueNian Biotechnology Co., Ltd	LM-E1141	Cell culture medium
Dry Bath Incubator	Haimen Kylin-Bell Lab Instruments Co.,Ltd.	DKT200-2	Incubation at different high temperatures
Ethanol 100%	Sinopharm Chemical ReagentCo., Ltd	10009218	dehydration
Fluorescence microscope	Shanghai Waihai Biotechnology Co., LTD	Olympus BX43 equipped with a camera of Olympus U-TV0.5XC-3(SN:5J01719),olympus	Observation and positioning
Incubator	Shanghai Yiheng Scientific Instrument Co., LTD	DHP-9051	The samples were incubated at 37 °C.
Mounting Medium	Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.	E675004	Attach the coverslips to the slide
Shaker	Haimen Kylin-Bell Lab Instruments Co.,Ltd.	TS-8S	Washing sample
Slide	Shanghai YueNian Biotechnology Co., Ltd	188105	The coverslips is placed on the slide
Triton X-100	Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.	A600198	Permeable membrane and nuclear membrane
Trypsin (0.25%)	Shanghai YueNian Biotechnology Co., Ltd	25200056, Gibco	trypsin treatment of cells
Tween-20	Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.	A600560	detergent