Name: Author Spotlight: Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy
Uploaded: 2023-11-17T12:50:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy at JoVE.com

We appreciate the financial support from (1) National Nature Science Foundation (81973877), (2)the Three year Action Plan of Shanghai to Further Accelerate the Inheritance, Innovation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ZY (2021-2023)-0201-01) , (3) Pudong New Area Health System Pudong Famous Physician Training Plan (PWRzm2020-15), and (4) Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Service Enhancement Project (Medical 032).

The protocol of this study has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Longhua Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approval Number: 2023-LHXS-030). Before the trial, written informed consent was provided by each patient included in the study. A total of 76 patients with stage I-II frozen shoulder in the rehabilitation department of Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2022 to May 2023, who met the inclusi...

Therapeutic Efficacy of Small Needle Knife Therapy in Treating Frozen Shoulder

<ol>
	<li>Abrassart, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term='Frozen+shoulder'+is+ill-defined.+How+can+it+be+described+better.">'Frozen shoulder' is ill-defined. How can it be described better.</a> EFORT Open Rev. 5 (5), 273-279 (2020).</li><li>Ramirez, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Adhesive+capsulitis:+Diagnosis+and+management.">Adhesive capsulitis: Diagnosis and management.</a> Am Fam Physician. 99 (5), 297-300 (2019).</li><li>Hsu, J. E., Anakwenze, O. A., Warrender, W. J., Abboud, J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Current+review+of+adhesive+capsulitis.">Current review of adhesive capsulitis.</a> J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 20 (3), 502-514 (2011).</li><li>Hand, C., Clipsham, K., Rees, J. L., Carr, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long-term+outcome+of+frozen+shoulder.">Long-term outcome of frozen shoulder.</a> J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 17 (2), 231-236 (2008).</li><li>White, D., Choi, H., Peloquin, C., Zhu, Y., Zhang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Secular+trend+of+adhesive+capsulitis.">Secular trend of adhesive capsulitis.</a> Arthritis Care Res. 63 (11), 1571-1575 (2011).</li><li>Qin, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Traditional+Chinese+Medicine+for+Frozen+shoulder:+An+evidence-based+guideline.">Traditional Chinese Medicine for Frozen shoulder: An evidence-based guideline.</a> J Evid Based Med. 16, 246-258 (2023).</li><li>Zhu, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effects+of+small+needle+knife+therapy+on+pain+and+mobility+from+knee+osteoarthritis:+a+pilot+randomized-controlled+study.">The effects of small needle knife therapy on pain and mobility from knee osteoarthritis: a pilot randomized-controlled study.</a> Clin Rehabil. 34 (12), 1497-1505 (2020).</li><li>Deng, D. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+effect+of+small+needle+knife+on+frozen+shoulder.">Clinical effect of small needle knife on frozen shoulder.</a> Massage Rehabil Med. 13 (13), 15-20 (2022).</li><li>Liu, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Advances+in+the+treatment+of+frozen+shoulder+with+small+needle+knife.">Advances in the treatment of frozen shoulder with small needle knife.</a> Rheumatol Arthritis. 11 (12), 67-70 (2022).</li><li>Ruan, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+efficacy+and+safety+analysis+of+small+needle+knife+combined+with+functional+exercise+in+the+treatment+of+frozen+shoulder.">Clinical efficacy and safety analysis of small needle knife combined with functional exercise in the treatment of frozen shoulder.</a> Chinese J Med Sci. 10 (9), 39-41 (2019).</li><li>Kwon, C. Y., Yoon, S. H., Lee, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+effectiveness+and+safety+of+acupotomy:+An+overview+of+systematic+reviews.">Clinical effectiveness and safety of acupotomy: An overview of systematic reviews.</a> Complement Ther Clin Pract. 36, 142-152 (2019).</li><li>Liu, F. S., Jin, X. F., Guo, C. Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systematic+review+of+acupuncture+versus+small+needle+knife+for+frozen+shoulder.">Systematic review of acupuncture versus small needle knife for frozen shoulder.</a> Chinese J Traditional Chinese Med. 27 (3), 582-585 (2021).</li><li>Yang, W. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systematic+review+on+curative+effect+of+small-needle-knife+therapy+combined+with+manipulation+for+frozen+shoulder.">Systematic review on curative effect of small-needle-knife therapy combined with manipulation for frozen shoulder.</a> Chinese J Info Traditional Chinese Med. (12), 94-98 (2018).</li><li>He, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=On+the+role+and+relationship+between+&amp;#34;needle&amp;#34;+and+&amp;#34;knife&amp;#34;+in+small+needle+knife+therapy.">On the role and relationship between &amp;#34;needle&amp;#34; and &amp;#34;knife&amp;#34; in small needle knife therapy.</a> Clin J Acupuncture Moxibustion. (9), 28-29 (2000).</li><li>Hu, Z. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Clinical Practice of practical small needle knife. , (2018).</li><li>Wen, H. W., Zeng, W. Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bibliometrics+and+knowledge+graph+analysis+of+small+needle+knife.">Bibliometrics and knowledge graph analysis of small needle knife.</a> Chinese J Lib Info Traditional Chinese Med. 45 (6), 13-17 (2021).</li><li>Qin, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Outcomes+of+visualized+puncture+needle+and+small+needle+knife+therapy+in+primary+frozen+shoulder+based+on+multimodal+ultrasound+imaging.">Outcomes of visualized puncture needle and small needle knife therapy in primary frozen shoulder based on multimodal ultrasound imaging.</a> J Healthc Eng. 2022, 1076112 (2022).</li><li>Zeng, X., Ding, Z. H., Fu, L. Q., Liu, S. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Research+progress+of+ultrasound+small+needle+knife+visualization.">Research progress of ultrasound small needle knife visualization.</a> J Acupuncture Res. 46 (6), 546-548 (2019).</li><li>Mertens, M. G., Meert, L., Struyf, F., Schwank, A., Meeus, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exercise+therapy+is+effective+for+improvement+in+range+of+motion,+function,+and+pain+in+patients+with+frozen+shoulder:+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Exercise therapy is effective for improvement in range of motion, function, and pain in patients with frozen shoulder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 103 (5), 998-1012 (2022).</li><li>Xu, W. S., Liu, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+observation+of+&amp;#34;C&amp;#34;+shape+release+by+small+needle+knife+in+treatment+of+frozen+shoulder.">Clinical observation of &amp;#34;C&amp;#34; shape release by small needle knife in treatment of frozen shoulder.</a> J Liaoning Uni Traditional Chinese Med. 21 (9), 185-188 (2019).</li><li>Liang, C. X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Basic+research+on+a+recommended+program+of+clinical+practice+guidelines+for+small+needle+knife+treatment+of+frozen+shoulder.">Basic research on a recommended program of clinical practice guidelines for small needle knife treatment of frozen shoulder.</a> Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. , (2012).</li><li>Tian, Z. R., Yao, M., Wang, Y. J., Cui, X. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+and+application+of+Constant-Murley+shoulder+joint+Rating+scale+in+Chinese.">Development and application of Constant-Murley shoulder joint Rating scale in Chinese.</a> Chinese Med Bone Sett. 31 (5), 20-25 (2019).</li><li>Yin, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Application+of+visual+diagnosis+and+treatment+technique+(ultrasound)+in+diagnosis+and+treatment+of+frozen+shoulder+and+evaluation+of+curative+effect.">Application of visual diagnosis and treatment technique (ultrasound) in diagnosis and treatment of frozen shoulder and evaluation of curative effect.</a> Chinese J Med Ultrasound. 16 (11), 810-814 (2019).</li><li>Fan, Z. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+measurement+of+coracohumeral+ligament+thickness+in+diagnosis+and+evaluation+of+the+curative+effect+of+frozen+shoulder.">The role of measurement of coracohumeral ligament thickness in diagnosis and evaluation of the curative effect of frozen shoulder.</a> Soochow University. , (2018).</li><li>Reeves, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+natural+history+of+the+frozen+shoulder+syndrome.">The natural history of the frozen shoulder syndrome.</a> Scand J Rheumatol. 4 (4), 193-196 (1975).</li><li>Xu, Y., Bonar, F., Murrell, G. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enhanced+expression+of+neuronal+proteins+in+idiopathic+frozen+shoulder.">Enhanced expression of neuronal proteins in idiopathic frozen shoulder.</a> J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 21 (10), 1391-1397 (2012).</li><li>Rodeo, S. A., Hannafin, J. A., Tom, J., Warren, R. F., Wickiewicz, T. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Immunolocalization+of+cytokines+and+their+receptors+in+adhesive+capsulitis+of+the+shoulder.">Immunolocalization of cytokines and their receptors in adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder.</a> J Orthop Res. 15 (3), 427-436 (1997).</li><li>Green, H. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+genome-wide+association+study+identifies+5+loci+associated+with+frozen+shoulder+and+implicates+diabetes+as+a+causal+risk+factor.">A genome-wide association study identifies 5 loci associated with frozen shoulder and implicates diabetes as a causal risk factor.</a> PLoS Genet. 17 (6), e1009577 (2021).</li><li>Hand, G. C., Athanasou, N. A., Matthews, T., Carr, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pathology+of+frozen+shoulder.">The pathology of frozen shoulder.</a> J Bone Joint Surg Br. 89 (7), 928-932 (2007).</li><li>Lho, Y. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inflammatory+cytokines+are+overexpressed+in+the+subacromial+bursa+of+frozen+shoulder.">Inflammatory cytokines are overexpressed in the subacromial bursa of frozen shoulder.</a> J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 22 (5), 666-672 (2013).</li><li>Han, Y. L., Sun, W. Q., Huo, S. F., Xu, Z. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recent+therapeutic+effect+and+mechanism+of+small+needle+knife+in+the+treatment+of+patients+with+cold-dampness-blocking+frozen+shoulder.">Recent therapeutic effect and mechanism of small needle knife in the treatment of patients with cold-dampness-blocking frozen shoulder.</a> World of Chinese Medicine. 13 (5), 1254-1257 (2018).</li><li>Zhou, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+small+needle+knife+therapy+on+expression+of+IL-1&#946;,+TNF-&#945;,+and+ASIC1+in+local+tissue+of+rabbits+with+frozen+shoulder.">Effect of small needle knife therapy on expression of IL-1&#946;, TNF-&#945;, and ASIC1 in local tissue of rabbits with frozen shoulder.</a> Shanghai J Acupuncture Moxibustion. 40 (6), 762-768 (2021).</li><li>Zhang, Z. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+small+needle+knife+and+local+closure+on+pain+mediators+and+inflammatory+factors+in+patients+with+frozen+shoulder.">Effect of small needle knife and local closure on pain mediators and inflammatory factors in patients with frozen shoulder.</a> Clin Res Chinese Med. 10 (8), 82-84 (2018).</li><li>Bunker, T. D., Reilly, J., Baird, K. S., Hamblen, D. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+growth+factors,+cytokines+and+matrix+metalloproteinases+in+frozen+shoulder.">Expression of growth factors, cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in frozen shoulder.</a> J Bone Joint Surg Br. 82 (5), 768-773 (2000).</li><li>Millar, N. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Frozen+shoulder.">Frozen shoulder.</a> Nat Rev Dis Primers. 8 (1), 59 (2022).</li><li>Li, H. Y., Chen, S. Y., Zhai, W. T., Chen, J. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+TGF-&#946;+and+MMPs+in+capsula+tissue+of+frozen+shoulder+patients.">Expression of TGF-&#946; and MMPs in capsula tissue of frozen shoulder patients.</a> J Shanghai Jiaotong Uni. 29 (11), 1363-1366 (2009).</li><li>Cher, J. Z. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alarmins+in+Frozen+Shoulder:+A+Molecular+Association+Between+Inflammation+and+Pain.">Alarmins in Frozen Shoulder: A Molecular Association Between Inflammation and Pain.</a> Am J Sports Med. 46 (3), 671-678 (2018).</li><li>Wang, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+study+on+the+treatment+of+frozen+shoulder+in+rats+with+&amp;#34;C&amp;#34;+shaped+small+needle+knife.">Experimental study on the treatment of frozen shoulder in rats with &amp;#34;C&amp;#34; shaped small needle knife.</a> Hubei Uni Chinese Med. , (2020).</li><li>Bai, Y., Chen, B., Qin, Y. N., Du, Y. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Thoughts+on+constructing+the+core+outcome+index+set+of+clinical+research+on+frozen+shoulder.">Thoughts on constructing the core outcome index set of clinical research on frozen shoulder.</a> Chinese Med J. 36 (1), 69-73 (2019).</li><li>Buchbinder, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Preliminary+Core+Domain+Set+for+Clinical+Trials+of+Shoulder+Disorders:+A+Report+from+the+OMERACT+2016+Shoulder+Core+Outcome+Set+Special+Interest+Group.">A Preliminary Core Domain Set for Clinical Trials of Shoulder Disorders: A Report from the OMERACT 2016 Shoulder Core Outcome Set Special Interest Group.</a> J Rheumatol. 44 (12), 1880-1883 (2017).</li><li>Fan, Z. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+measurement+of+coracohumeral+ligament+thickness+in+diagnosis+and+evaluation+of+curative+effect+of+frozen+shoulder.">The role of measurement of coracohumeral ligament thickness in diagnosis and evaluation of curative effect of frozen shoulder.</a> Soochow University. , (2018).</li><li>Xiu, Z. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+guidelines+of+small+needle+knife+for+knee+osteoarthritis.">Clinical guidelines of small needle knife for knee osteoarthritis.</a> J Rehabil. 33 (3), 193-201 (2019).</li></ol>

In this study, we found that the small needle knife therapy significantly relieved the pain symptoms, improved the shoulder joint function, reduced the thickness of CHL, and improved the quality of life in stage I-II frozen shoulder patients. The small needle knife therapy had exact effect on frozen shoulder. However, the operation site is controversial. Due to the different knowledge backgrounds, many operation sites can be selected to treat frozen shoulders with small needle knife. The main operation sites are tender p...

Frozen shoulder is a disease characterized by pain and limitation of active and passive shoulder movement, which causes great inconvenience to the work and life of patients1. The global incidence of frozen shoulder is 2%-5%2,3 and higher in females than in males, showing a certain genetic tendency4. The majority of frozen shoulder patients are 40-60 years old5. Moreover, the frozen shoulder brings about a heavy social burden due to the longer recovery cycle and the absence of established treatment consensus in the clinic practice.
The main treatment methods for frozen shoulders include oral or external use of herbal medicine, acupuncture, massage, functional exercise, and so on6; however, the compliance of the patients is poor due to the multiple treatment frequency and longer time-consuming, and cannot meet the urgent necessities of patients to improve pain and functional limitations. Therefore, it is urgently needed to identify more effective therapeutics in the clinical management of frozen shoulder patients.
Small needle knife therapy is a special and effective external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, which has arisen rapidly in the field of traditional Chinese medicine in recent decades7. It has the advantages of quick effect, definite curative effect, and high repeatability. Moreover, the operation instrument is cheap and easy to obtain, the operation process is simple, and the method is not limited by the environment and condition. The normal work and life of patients are not affected after the small needle knife therapy since the micro-incision will be recovered quickly without damage to the body, causing infection, or other side effects8,9,10,11. Systematic reviews showed that the efficacy of small needle knife on frozen shoulder was significantly superior to acupuncture, massage, and oral Chinese medicine12,13. Modern studies show that the mechanism of small needle knife treatment of frozen shoulder is to dredge the meridians and collaterals, promote the circulation of qi and blood, cut and strip the lesion tissue, remove adhesion, promote tissue repair, and restore the dynamic balance of the human body14,15.
The protocol presented here demonstrates the operation of small needle knife in treating frozen shoulders including patient management, material preparation, positioning, operation, and postoperative care. The purpose of this protocol is to relieve the pain and functional limitations and improve the living ability of patients with frozen shoulders.
With the development of small needle knife therapy, its application has been extended from the treatment of neck, shoulder, waist, leg pain, and other muscle and bone diseases to internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics, and other diseases, playing an increasingly important role in the field of rehabilitation medicine16. In recent years, the small needle knife shows a more accurate, scientific, and safe therapeutic efficacy due to the application of ultrasound-guided small needle knife visualization therapy, whose development has entered a new stage17,18.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Disposable sterile injection needle</td>
			<td>Shanghai Mishava Medical Industry Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>601900973</td>
			<td>Type specification:0.5 x 38 RWLB</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Disposable sterile small needle-knife</td>
			<td>Wujiang Yunlong Medical equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>PR-4040</td>
			<td>Type specification:40 mm x 40 mm&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Disposable sterile syringe</td>
			<td>Shandong Weigo Group Medical polymer Products Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>601909174</td>
			<td>Type specification:10 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lidocaine hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Shanghai Hefeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>6904996104121</td>
			<td>Type specification:5 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Marker pen</td>
			<td>Zebra Trading (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>4901681518111</td>
			<td>Type specification:1.0 mm/0.5 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile absorbent cotton ball</td>
			<td>Shanghai Honglong Medical Supplies Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>601905637</td>
			<td>Type specification:0.3&#160; 25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile disposable medical plastic cup</td>
			<td>Shanghai Honglong Medical Supplies Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>709008633</td>
			<td>Type specification:Waist-shaped disc</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile dressing block</td>
			<td>Ningbo Haishu Shenyuan Medical Materials Co.,&#160; Ltd</td>
			<td>601909470</td>
			<td>Type specification:7.5 cm x 7.5 cm x 8 floors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile medical tweezers</td>
			<td>Shanghai Honglong Medical Supplies Equipment Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>603917444</td>
			<td>Type specification:Small size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile rubber surgical gloves</td>
			<td>Guilin Hengbao health protection Co.,&#160; Ltd</td>
			<td>6971787071320</td>
			<td>Type specification:6.5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile self-adhesive dressing</td>
			<td>Shanghai ISO Medical Products Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>601909414</td>
			<td>Type specification:10 cm x 15 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile water for injection</td>
			<td>Shanghai Xinyi Jinzhu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>6938493300953</td>
			<td>Type specification:5 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Type II skin disinfectant</td>
			<td>Shanghai Likang Disinfection high-tech Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>6909157000359</td>
			<td>Type specification:500 mL/ bottle</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasound</td>
			<td>Suzhou Daer Medical Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>100018857</td>
			<td>uSmart3300 portable color ultrasound system</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

clinical efficacy of small needle knife therapy on stage i-ii frozen shoulder

Frozen shoulder is a kind of aseptic inflammatory disease of the shoulder caused by strain, trauma, and other reasons, resulting in shoulder joint pain and limited function. The protocol presented here demonstrates the operation of a small needle knife in treating frozen shoulders, including patient management, material preparation, positioning, operation, and postoperative care. The purpose of this protocol is to relieve the pain and functional limitations and improve the living ability of patients with frozen shoulders. In our study, 76 stage I-II frozen shoulder patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group (n=38). Patients in the control group received functional exercise, while the treatment group received small needle knife therapy with functional exercise. The visual analogue scores (VAS), the Constant and Murley scores (CMS), and the thickness of the coracohumeral ligament (CHL) under ultrasound were evaluated. After small needle knife therapy, the VAS score was significantly lower in the treatment group (5.11 &plusmn; 0.89) than in the control group (5.49 &plusmn; 0.65; t=-2.065, p&lt;0.05); the CMS score was significantly higher in the treatment group (64.72 &plusmn; 4.78) than in the control group (60.97 &plusmn; 6.00; t=2.947, p&lt;0.05); the CHL thickness was significantly decreased in the treatment group (2.38 &plusmn; 0.36) than in the control group (2.57 &plusmn; 0.42; t=-2.117, p&lt;0.05). These results indicate that the small needle knife significantly relieved the pain symptoms, improved the shoulder function, reduced the CHL thickness, and improved the quality of life and, therefore, had significant therapeutic efficacy in stage I-II frozen shoulder patients.

Author Spotlight: Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy 

Clinical Efficacy of Small Needle Knife Therapy on Stage I-II Frozen Shoulder

Our study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of small needle knife in patients with frozen shoulders, and evidence that the improvement of pain function and the life ability. Our protocol addresses the detailed operation process of small needle knife in frozen shoulder patients. Our protocol has the advantages of quicker and definite therapeutic effects, high repeatability, broader availability, also there are less physical injury in patients.

In the control group, 1 patient received other treatment (intra-articular steroid injection) due to aggravation of pain, so the trial was terminated, and the remaining 37 patients in the control group were included in the final statistical analysis. For 2 patients in the treatment group CHL could not be detected under ultrasound, so the test was eliminated, and the remaining 36 patients in the treatment group entered the final statistical analysis.
Baseline characteristics<br ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy at JoVE.com

The protocol presented here describes the detailed operation method and proves the effectiveness of a small needle knife in the treatment of frozen shoulders.

Frozen shoulder is a kind of aseptic inflammatory disease of the shoulder caused by strain, trauma, and other reasons, resulting in shoulder joint pain ...