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Albany Medical College

11 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Biology

Using an EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interface for Virtual Cursor Movement with BCI2000
J. Adam Wilson 1, Gerwin Schalk 2, Léo M. Walton 1, Justin C. Williams 1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2Wadsworth Center, New York State Dept. of Health

In this video, we demonstrate the steps required to run a brain-computer interface experiment, including setting up the EEG cap, calibrating the system, and training the user to move a cursor in two dimensions using imagined movements.

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Neuroscience

Recording Human Electrocorticographic (ECoG) Signals for Neuroscientific Research and Real-time Functional Cortical Mapping
N. Jeremy Hill 1, Disha Gupta 1,2, Peter Brunner 1,2, Aysegul Gunduz 1,2, Matthew A. Adamo 3, Anthony Ritaccio 2, Gerwin Schalk 1,2,4,5,6,7
1Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 2Department of Neurology, Albany Medical College, 3Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical College, 4Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University, 5Department of Biomed. Eng., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 6Department of Biomed. Sci., State University of New York at Albany, 7Department of Elec. and Comp. Eng., University of Texas at El Paso

We present a method for collecting electrocorticographic signals for research purposes from humans who are undergoing invasive epilepsy monitoring. We show how to use the BCI2000 software platform for data collection, signal processing and stimulus presentation. Specifically, we demonstrate SIGFRIED, a BCI2000-based tool for real-time functional brain mapping.

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Biology

Rapid Generation of Amyloid from Native Proteins In vitro
Stephanie M Dorta-Estremera 1, Jingjing Li 1, Wei Cao 1
1Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Proteins can either adopt a native structure or misfold into insoluble amyloid. Conditions that favor the misfolding pathway lead to the formation of different types of amyloid fibrils. The methods described here allow rapid conversion of native proteins into amyloid in vitro.

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Neuroscience

Assessing Primary Neurogenesis in Xenopus Embryos Using Immunostaining
Siwei Zhang *1,2, Jingjing Li *1,3, Robert Lea 1, Enrique Amaya 1
1The Healing Foundation Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 2Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 3Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London

This article presents a convenient and rapid method for visualizing different neuronal cell populations in the central nervous system of Xenopus embryos using immunofluorescent staining on sections.

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Developmental Biology

Imaging Cleared Embryonic and Postnatal Hearts at Single-cell Resolution
Wasay M. Shaikh Qureshi 1, Lianjie Miao 1, David Shieh 1, Jingjing Li 1, Yangyang Lu 1, Saiyang Hu 1, Margarida Barroso 1, Joseph Mazurkiewicz 2, Mingfu Wu 1
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 2Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College

We describe a protocol to volumetrically image fluorescent protein labeled cells deep inside intact embryonic and postnatal hearts. Utilizing tissue-clearing methods in combination with whole mount staining, single fluorescent protein-labeled cells inside an embryonic or postnatal heart can be imaged clearly and accurately.

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Biology

Measurement of Oxygen Consumption Rates in Intact Caenorhabditis elegans
Shaarika Sarasija 1, Kenneth R. Norman 1
1Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College

Mitochondrial respiration is critical for organismal survival; therefore, oxygen consumption rate is an excellent indicator of mitochondrial health. In this protocol, we describe the use of a commercially available respirometer to measure basal and maximal oxygen consumption rates in live, intact, and freely-motile Caenorhabditis elegans.

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Immunology and Infection

Mechanistic Insight into the Development of TNBS-Mediated Intestinal Fibrosis and Evaluating the Inhibitory Effects of Rapamycin
Ramkumar Mathur 1,2,3, Mahabub Maraj Alam 4, Xiao-Feng Zhao 4, Yunfei Huang 4, Xinjun Zhu 1,2
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 2The IBD Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, 3Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Science, University of North Dakota, 4Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College

In this study, we describe a detailed procedure of TNBS-mediated intestinal fibrosis, which exhibits comparable pathophysiology to Crohn's fibrosis. We also discuss this approach in light of rapamycin facilitated inhibitory effects on intestinal fibrosis.

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Cancer Research

Identification of Transcription Factor Regulators using Medium-Throughput Screening of Arrayed Libraries and a Dual-Luciferase-Based Reporter
Yuxuan Xiao 1, John M. Lamar 1
1Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College

To identify novel regulators of transcription factors, we developed an approach to screen arrayed lentiviral or retroviral RNAi libraries using a dual-luciferase-based transcriptional reporter assay. This approach offers a quick and relatively inexpensive way to screen hundreds of candidates in a single experiment.

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Cancer Research

Combined Use of Tail Vein Metastasis Assays and Real-Time In Vivo Imaging to Quantify Breast Cancer Metastatic Colonization and Burden in the Lungs
Janine S. A. Warren 1, Paul J. Feustel 2, John M. Lamar 1
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 2Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College

The described approach combines experimental tail vein metastasis assays with in vivo live animal imaging to allow real-time monitoring of breast cancer metastasis formation and growth in addition to the quantification of metastasis number and size in the lungs.

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Education

The Evoked Potential Operant Conditioning System (EPOCS): A Research Tool and an Emerging Therapy for Chronic Neuromuscular Disorders
N. Jeremy Hill 1,2, Disha Gupta 1,2, Amir Eftekhar 1, Jodi A. Brangaccio 1, James J. S. Norton 1,2, Michelle McLeod 3, Tim Fake 1, Jonathan R. Wolpaw 1,2,4, Aiko K. Thompson 3
1National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Stratton VA Medical Center, 2Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, State University of New York at Albany, 3College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 4Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Albany

The Evoked Potential Operant Conditioning System aids scientific investigation of sensorimotor function and can administer targeted neurobehavioral training that can impact sensorimotor rehabilitation in neuromuscular disorders. This article describes its capabilities and illustrates its application in modifying a simple spinal reflex to achieve lasting improvement in motor function.

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Cancer Research

Non-Destructive Evaluation of Regional Cell Density Within Tumor Aggregates Following Drug Treatment
Cassandra L. Roberge 1, Ling Wang 2, Margarida Barroso 2, David T. Corr 1
1Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2Albany Medical College

The present protocol develops an image-based technique for rapid, non-destructive, and label-free regional cell density and viability measurement within 3D tumor aggregates. Findings revealed a cell-density gradient, with higher cell densities in core regions than outer layers in developing aggregates and predominantly peripheral cell death in HER2+ aggregates treated with Trastuzumab.

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