King Saud University

7 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

Bioengineering

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Ayman Alismail^1,2, Haochuan Wang^1,3, Jonathan Brons³, Hanieh Fattahi^1,3

¹Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, ²Physics and Astronomy Department, King Saud University, ³Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics

A protocol for the operation of a high-energy, high-power optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier pump source based on an Yb:YAG thin-disk regenerative amplifier is presented here.

Bioengineering

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture on Polyvinyl Alcohol-Co-Itaconic Acid Hydrogels with Varying Stiffness Under Xeno-Free Conditions

Tzu-Cheng Sung^*1, Hsing-Fen Li^*1, Akon Higuchi^1,2, Qing-Dong Ling^3,4, Jia-Sin Yang¹, Yeh-Chia Tseng¹, Chih-Hsien Pan Pan¹, Abdullah A. Alarfaj², Murugan A. Munusamy², Suresh Kumar⁵, Shih-Tien Hsu⁶, Kadarkarai Murugan^7,8

¹Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, ²Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, ³Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, ⁴Graduate Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, ⁵Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, ⁶Department of Internal Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, ⁷Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, ⁸Thiruvalluvar University

A protocol is presented to prepare polyvinyl alcohol-co-itaconic acid hydrogels with varying stiffness, which were grafted with and without oligopeptides, to investigate the effect of the stiffness of biomaterials on the differentiation and proliferation of stem cells. The stiffness of the hydrogels was controlled by the crosslinking time.

Bioengineering

Exploring the Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheet on The Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Vivo

Alaa T Alshareeda¹, Batla Alsowayan¹, Abdullah Almubarak², Ayidah Alghuwainem¹, Yasser Alshawakir², Mohammed Alahmed²

¹Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, ²College of Medicine, Experimental Surgery and Animal Laboratory, King Saud University

Here, we present a protocol to develop an in vivo cancer model using cell sheet technology. Such a model could be very useful for the evaluation of anticancer therapeutics.

Bioengineering

Measuring Global Cellular Matrix Metalloproteinase and Metabolic Activity in 3D Hydrogels

Abdulaziz S. Fakhouri^1,2,3, Jennifer L. Leight^1,2

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, ²The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, ³Biomedical Technology Department, King Saud University

Here, a protocol is presented for encapsulating and culturing cells in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels functionalized with a fluorogenic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-degradable peptide. Cellular MMP and metabolic activity are measured directly from the hydrogel cultures using a standard microplate reader.

Biology

A High-Throughput Comet Assay Approach for Assessing Cellular DNA Damage

Yunhee Ji^*1, Mahsa Karbaschi^*2, Abdulhadi Abdulwahed^*3, Natalia S. Quinete⁴, Mark D. Evans⁵, Marcus S. Cooke¹

¹Oxidative Stress Group, Dept. Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, ²Cepheid (Danaher Corp.), US Technical Operations, ³Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, ⁴Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, ⁵Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University

The comet assay is a popular means of detecting DNA damage. This study describes an approach to running slides in representative variants of the comet assay. This approach significantly increased the number of samples while decreasing assay run-time, the number of slide manipulations, and the risk of damage to gels.

Bioengineering

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Deciduous and Permanent Teeth

Sukumaran Anil^1,2, Nebu G. Thomas², Elna P. Chalisserry², Yogesh B. Dalvi², Ramya Ramadoss³, Sajith Vellappally⁴

¹Department of Dentistry, Oral Health Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, ²Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, ³Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, ⁴College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University

This protocol emphasizes the extraction, culture, and preservation of multipotent stem cells from dental pulp through enzymatic digestion. Additionally, it demonstrates their potential to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes, highlighting the importance of precision and consistency in the process.

Chemistry

Synthesis of Black Seed Oil-loaded-, Alginate-based, pH-sensitive Beads Using Electrospraying Technique

Abul Kalam Azad¹, Mohamad Dayoob², Vinoth Kumarasamy³, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan⁴, Ghadeer M. Albadrani⁵, Muath Q. Al-Ghadi⁶, Mohamed Kamel⁷, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim^8,9, Mireia Mallandrich Miret¹⁰, Abd Almonem Doolaanea^11,12

¹Faculty of Pharmacy, University College of MAIWP International, ²Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, ³Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, ⁴Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, ⁵Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, ⁶Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, ⁷Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, ⁸Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, ⁹Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, ¹⁰Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, ¹¹Research and Development, Sabrena Experience, ¹²Alphastar Lab Systems

A technique employing high electric voltage and a targeted, active ingredient-loaded emulsion to fabricate pH-responsive, uniform microbeads is presented.