Name: 'boden food plate': novel interactive web-based method for the assessment of dietary intake
Uploaded: 2018-09-18T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about 'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake at JoVE.com

The authors would like to thank Khanh Nguyen, who was involved in the build of the electronic platform as part of his Bachelor of Engineering degree. We also acknowledge Alice Gibson, who developed the paper food diary. Finally, we would like to acknowledge Mackenzie Fong, James Gerofi, Fatima Ferkh, Cholris Leung, Lisa Leung, and Shaoyu Zhang for their help with experimental methods. The work was funded by the Commercial Development and Industry Partnership Funding Scheme at the University of Sydney.

NOTE: All experimental procedures described below were approved by the Sydney Local Health District (Royal Prince Alfred Zone) Ethics Review Committee.
1. Participant Recruitment
<ol>
	<li>Recruit participants from the institution databases and by advertising the study on the institution website and local newspapers. 
	NOTE: Criteria that was applied for this particular study are male and female, aged 25&#8211;55 years, pre-menopausal, with a BMI &#8805;25 to &#8804;35 kg/m2....

<ol>
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The web-based food diary utilized for this study, the &#39;Boden Food Plate&#39;, is a newly developed method for the collection of dietary information, designed to provide research groups with faster access to data. The results demonstrate that the energy and macronutrient intake data collected on the electronic method were accurate when compared to the dietary data recorded on the written estimated food diary, which is considered the gold standard for this study. The visual electronic tool has also proven to be easier ...

The ability to accurately collect dietary data and assess diet is an essential component of nutrition and weight management research. Many methods to assess dietary intake, both retrospective and prospective, have already been established. However, these commonly used tools come with their own limitations. Hereby, there is a need for a new technological platform that can improve the accuracy of the data and reduce the burden for both researchers and participants1,2,3.
Twenty-four hour recalls (24 h recalls) and Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs) are dietary data collection methods that rely on the participants&#39; memory and suffer from potential recall bias and misreporting1,2,4. Written food records, such as FFQs and food diaries, require literacy and can place a high burden on the participants. Additionally, written records where food and drink items are reported at the time of consumption can lead to alterations in the habitual dietary intakes5. These traditional methods of nutritional data collection and coding can also be extremely time consuming and require highly trained personnel1. Seven-day weighed food diaries are considered the non-biomarker gold standard for dietary intake assessments. However, this method has been shown to increase the rate of under-reporting over a seven-day period due to a high participant burden6. Hence, a three-day estimated food diary using traditional household measures to quantify food and drink amounts is sought to be more feasible than seven-day written food records.
Previous studies have shown that collecting dietary intake using electronic tools is valid and efficient compared to traditional methods7,8. For this reason, there is an increased interest in technologies that can assist in the recording and analysis of dietary data. Despite the limitations of being costly and of requiring computer literacy from the participants9, electronic dietary assessment methods add the benefit of being more visual compared to traditional dietary collection tools. Hence, they are well received and found enjoyable by the users10. Additionally, electronic tools can significantly reduce researchers&#39; time and the costs associated with collecting and analyzing data8,11. Furthermore, they provide participants with immediate feedback allowing for self-monitoring of nutritional intakes and higher compliance to personal goals12,13.
The here presented protocol was developed to test the functions and practicality of the &#39;Boden Food Plate&#39;, a web-based electronic food diary, as well as its agreement with a traditional three-day estimated food diary method. This platform allows users to record food and drink items consumed throughout the day on virtual plates in the form of visual depictions, which are one of the strengths of the application. Foods and drinks are selected from an embedded database which contains approximately 1,200 items with fixed serving sizes. The dietary data entered in the electronic food diary is automatically analyzed and researchers can export the results. Additionally, the application generates graphs illustrating the adequacy or non-adequacy of the diet for total energy and some important nutrients which can be accessed by both researchers and users. Compared to other currently available nutritional platforms, this newly created electronic diary is innovative and practical to use. Therefore, it can be a useful dietary data collection tool to be used in future studies.
The present paper describes in detail the entire protocol for dietary data collection utilizing both electronic and paper-based food diaries and presents some results that are published in full in Fuller et al.14

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Boden Food Plate</td>
			<td>Boden Food Plate</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Electronic dietary data collection tool.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paper Food Diary</td>
			<td>Any</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Written dietary data collection tool.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Food Works 7 Professional</td>
			<td>Xyris Software 2012</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Software for the analysis of dietary intakes.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SPSS 19.0</td>
			<td>SPSS</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Statistical software.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Computer</td>
			<td>Any</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>This should be used by the study participants to complete the electronic food diary from outside the research facility.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

'boden food plate': novel interactive web-based method for the assessment of dietary intake

Different methods can be used in research to assess dietary intake, many of which are still paper-based. Written estimated food diaries are often utilized in clinical trials, despite being a burden for both study participants and researchers. This method requires participant literacy, it is time consuming, labor intensive, and can easily lead to under-reporting. With advancements in technology, there is a growing interest in electronic diaries that automate the dietary assessment process. These are focused on improving accuracy, reducing both time and cost and providing users with a visual and more enjoyable experience. The methodology presented here aimed to validate the &#39;Boden Food Plate&#39;, a novel web-based platform for self-recording of food and drink items, compared to a traditional estimated food diary. The application was also rated on a satisfaction scale by study participants using a paper-based questionnaire. Sixty-seven participants completed the dietary measures on both the three-day electronic and paper food diaries. For the analysis, only dietary data completed at both study time points (baseline and week six) was utilized. Despite small mean differences between dietary data collection methods, Bland Altman analysis showed fairly wide 95% limits of agreement between the electronic platform and the written estimated food diary and there were few cases which did not fall within the 95% confidence intervals. Overall, participants found the electronic food diary to be more fun than the paper method and as easy to use as hard copy diaries. The new platform has potential as a self-recording tool for the collection of dietary data, particularly when utilized in clinical trial settings. However, further validation studies are needed to improve the validity of this novel electronic dietary data collection tool.

Out of the 76 participants recruited, only 67 self-recorded their food intake for three days on both the electronic and paper-based food diary at both time periods (baseline and week six). Only the dietary data from these 67 subjects was utilized for the nutritional analysis. The 9 participants excluded from this study did not complete food intake records from the required time points.
Table 1 shows no significa...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about 'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake at JoVE.com

'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake

The &#39;Boden Food Plate&#39; is an electronic food diary designed to be an interactive and fun method to collect dietary intake using visual depictions. The purpose of this study was to validate the web-based application against a traditional three-day estimated food diary method.

Different methods can be used in research to assess dietary intake, many of which are still paper-based. Written estimated food diaries are often utilized ...

This method provides an innovative and practical way for assessing dietary data for research in the nutrition field. The main advantage of this electronic platform is that it provides researchers with a fast and inexpensive access to dietary data, which is self-recorded by the study participants. Visual demonstration of the electronic food diary is critical to ensure accuracy in the recording of dietary data by study participants and to minimize sources of error.To begin, provide the participants with a traditional paper-based food diary with instructions on how to use it. Then, instruct the participants to complete the diary for three consecutive days before their next visit. Next, instruct the participants to read the instructions and the example day included in the food diary prior to recording any food or drink over three consecutive days.Instruct participants to read the checklist of commonly forgotten foods and beverages and to include them in the food diary, and instruct the participants to be as specific and detailed as possible in their documentation. After this, ask the participants to enter the information recorded on the paper food diary in the electronic diary at the end of each of the three days. Show participants how to enter the information into the electronic diary before they do it by themselves and answer any questions that they might have.First, send an invitation email to the study participants with the link to register a new account in the electronic platform. After completing the registration process, have the participant select the icon guide and instruct them to carefully read the visual guide on how to use the electronic food diary. To create an electronic food diary, have the participants select the icon with their specific project title.Then, have the participants select new food diary to create a new electronic food diary and start recording foods and drinks consumed for three days. Using the search tool, the participant can find food and drink items they consumed during the day from the database. Have the participant click on the desired food and drink items and drag them onto the plate to reflect the meals consumed at that time.Then, the participant can select one of the small plates at the bottom of the page to move on to different meals. When the selected plate starts to bounce, the participant can enter the consumed foods and beverages. Next, instruct the participant to click save changes to save all of the entries from that day.In the entries page, the participant can click the eye icon to visualize the comparison between their calculated dietary intakes and those of the average population. After this, export the average value of energy and nutrient intakes for each participant into a spreadsheet via the platform managing portal. Finally, import the spreadsheet into statistical software for analysis.In this study, participants were asked to complete both paper-based and electronic food diaries. There was no significant difference in the mean energy and macronutrient intake between the written and electronic food diary. However, the Bland-Altman plots show wide, 95%limits of agreement, particularly for energy intake, with some cases lying outside of the 95%confidence intervals.To obtain the best dietary data, it is important that study participants have a clear understanding on how to utilize the electronic food diary, and they should make sure to contact researchers for support, should they encounter any difficulties in its completion. This electronic food diary paved the way in the field of nutrition to explore new interactive methods of dietary data collection, which are both enjoyable for study participants and save time and costs for researchers.

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