Source: Robert M. Rioux & Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA

Working with extreme temperatures, both high and low, is an integral part of many laboratory operations. For many, mentioning a laboratory instantly evokes the mental picture of a Bunsen burner. Bunsen burners and hot plates are used extensively in small and large operations in research laboratories and industries, thus making it necessary for all users to be aware of their safe handling procedures. Hot plates and Bunsen burners are high temperature heat sources, while low temperatures are obtained using dry ice and cryogenic liquids, such as liquid nitrogen. Both dry ice and liquid nitrogen can pose significant hazards to the user if not handled carefully.

1. Bunsen Burner

1. Safe handling procedure
   1. The Bunsen burner should always be placed no less than 12 inches away from any overhead shelving, equipment, or light fixtures.
   2. Any combustible substances, such as papers or chemicals, should not be kept in the area adjacent to the burner.
   3. The user should know the location of the fire extinguisher.
   4. Proper clothing is necessary. The user should wear a lab coat, safety glasses, and gloves. Any long hair or jew

While the use of Bunsen burners, hot plates, dry ice, and liquid nitrogen is commonplace in the laboratory environment, all of them can cause potential hazards if not handled carefully. It is thus the duty of every user to follow all the safety guidelines to eliminate hazards to themselves and their co-workers.

1. Occupational safety and health administration. https://www.osha.gov/Publications/laboratory/OSHAquickfacts-lab-safety-cryogens-dryice.pdf Accessed 21 August 2016
2. University of Iowa. Environmental health and safety. https://ehs.research.uiowa.edu/liquid-nitrogen-handling Accessed 21 August 2016