Fat-Covered Islet Transplantation Using Epididymal White Adipose Tissue

Podsumowanie

This fat-covered islet transplantation method is suitable for the detection of engrafted islets in the intraperitoneal cavity. Notably, it does not require the use of biobinding agents or suturing.

Streszczenie

Islet transplantation is a cellular replacement therapy for severe diabetes mellitus. The intraperitoneal cavity is typically the transplant site for this procedure. However, intraperitoneal islet transplantation has some limitations, including poor transplant efficacy, difficult graft detection ability, and a lack of graftectomy capability for post-transplant analysis. In this paper, "fat-covered islet transplantation", an intraperitoneal islet transplantation method that utilizes epididymal white adipose tissue, is used to assess the therapeutic effects of bioengineered islets. The simplicity of the method lies in the seeding of islets onto epididymal white adipose tissue and using the tissue to cover the islets. While this method can be categorized as an intraperitoneal islet transplantation technique, it shares characteristics with intra-adipose tissue islet transplantation. The fat-covered islet transplantation method demonstrates more robust therapeutic effects than intra-adipose tissue islet transplantation, however, including the improvement of blood glucose and plasma insulin levels and the potential for graft removal. We recommend the adoption of this method for assessing the mechanisms of islet engraftment into white adipose tissue and the therapeutic effects of bioengineered islets.

Wprowadzenie

Islet transplantation is a cellular replacement therapy for patients with severe diabetes mellitus. Recent reports have shown that rates of insulin-independence at three years after transplantation improve up to 44%¹ and that approximately 80% of recipients who receive more than 600,000 total islet equivalents achieve insulin independence². Furthermore, in the most recent Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry report, it was revealed that fasting blood glucose levels were maintained at 60-140 mg/dL for over a period of 5 years in over 70% of patients who underwent islet transplant alone. The study also determined that a....

Protokół

The following procedure is performed in three steps. The first step includes the induction of diabetes in the recipient mice and the isolation of donor islets. The second step involves the preparation of islets before transplantation. In the third step, islet transplantation onto epididymal adipose tissue and covering of the islets using the adipose tissue is performed. After that, the therapeutic effects were assessed. The handling of the mice and the experimental procedures performed in this study comply with the ''Principles of Laboratory Animal Care'' (Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, National Institutes of Health publication 8

Wyniki

To compare the transplant efficacy of fat-covered islet transplantation to that after intraperitoneal islet transplantation, the same number of islets was implanted onto the peritoneum at the left paracolic space of control recipient diabetic animals. The blood glucose levels of mice with fat-covered islet transplantation were observed to gradually and significantly decrease compared to intraperitoneal islet transplanted mice (p = 0.0023; Figure 3A). One month after transplantation, the bloo.......

Dyskusje

The fat-covered islet transplantation method incorporates techniques from two different transplant techniques: intraperitoneal islet transplantation and intra-adipose tissue islet transplantation. As the surface membrane of epididymal white adipose tissue is considered to be the white adipose tissue that is covered by the peritoneum and that is attached to the epididymis, the fat-covered islet transplantation method can be anatomically categorized as a type of intraperitoneal islet transplantation. The technique by which.......

Materiały

Name	Company	Catalog Number	Comments
4-0 Nylon	Alfresa	ER2004NA45-KF2	Closing abdomen
Alexa 488-conjugated donkey anti-guinea pig	Jackson Immunoresearch	706-546-148	Secondary antibody for insulin antibody
Alexa 647-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit	Jackson Immunoresearch	711-606-152	Secondary antibody for von Willebrand factor antibody
DMEM, low glucose, pyruvate	ThermoFisher Scientific	11885084	Culturing islets, transplanting islets
Eosin	Fujifilm Wako Chemicals	051-06515	Using for staining tissue by eosin
Eppendorf Safe-Lock Tubes, 1.5 mL	Eppendorf	30120086	Collecting islets
Falcon 15 mL Conical Centrifuge Tubes	Corning	352095	Collecting islets
Falcon 40 µm Cell Strainer	Falcon	352340	Using for separating islets from other pancreatic tissue
Falcon 50 mL Conical Centrifuge Tubes	Corning	352070	Discarding excessive medium/buffer
Guinea pig anti-insulin	Agilent Technologies Japan, Ltd. (Dako)	IR002	Primary antibody for murine insulin
Hematoxylin	Muto Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd.	30002	Using for staining tissue by hematoxylin
Isodine solution 10%	Shionogi&Co., Ltd.	no catalog number	Using for disinfection
Isoflurane	Fujifilm Wako Chemicals	095-06573	Using for anesthesia
Labcon 1000 µL ZapSilk Low Retention Pipette Tips	Labcon	1177-965-008	Using for separating islets from other pancreatic tissue
Labcon 200 µL ZapSilk Low Retention Pipette Tips	Labcon	1179-965-008	Using for seeding islets onto epididymal white adipose tissue
Mintsensor	Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd.,	8AEB02E	Using for monitoring blood glucose
Pipetteman P-1000	Gilson	F123602	Using for separating islets from other pancreatic tissue
Pipetteman P-200	Gilson	F123601	Using for seeding islets onto epididymal white adipose tissue
Rabbit anti-vWF	Abcam	ab6994	Primary antibody for murine von Willebrand factor