Name: modified single-loop reconstruction for pancreaticoduodenectomy
Uploaded: 2019-09-28T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Modified Single-Loop Reconstruction for Pancreaticoduodenectomy at JoVE.com

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This protocol focuses on the reconstruction phase of PD using mSLR and follows the guidelines of the ethics committee of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.
NOTE: Patients with a resectable tumor of the pancreatic head, the papillary region or severe refractory chronic calcifying pancreatitis underwent PD. Resectability was present if the tumor had less than 50 % contact to the peripancreatic arteries and did not infiltrate the portal vein or the superior mesenteric vein. Distant metastases i...

<ol>
	<li>Cameron, J. L., He, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Two+thousand+consecutive+pancreaticoduodenectomies.">Two thousand consecutive pancreaticoduodenectomies.</a> Journal of American College of Surgeons. 220 (4), 530-536 (2015).</li><li>Keck, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pancreatogastrostomy+Versus+Pancreatojejunostomy+for+RECOnstruction+After+PANCreatoduodenectomy+(RECOPANC,+DRKS+00000767):+Perioperative+and+Long-term+Results+of+a+Multicenter+Randomized+Controlled+Trial.">Pancreatogastrostomy Versus Pancreatojejunostomy for RECOnstruction After PANCreatoduodenectomy (RECOPANC, DRKS 00000767): Perioperative and Long-term Results of a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.</a> Annals of Surgery. 263 (3), 440-449 (2016).</li><li>Deng, L. H., Xiong, J. J., Xia, Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolated+Roux-en-Y+pancreaticojejunostomy+versus+conventional+pancreaticojejunostomy+after+pancreaticoduodenectomy:+a+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Isolated Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy versus conventional pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> Journal of Evidence Based Medicine. 10 (1), 37-45 (2017).</li><li>Klaiber, U., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Meta-analysis+of+complication+rates+for+single-loop+versus+dual-loop+(Roux-en-Y)+with+isolated+pancreaticojejunostomy+reconstruction+after+pancreaticoduodenectomy.">Meta-analysis of complication rates for single-loop versus dual-loop (Roux-en-Y) with isolated pancreaticojejunostomy reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy.</a> British Journal of Surgery. 102 (4), 331-340 (2015).</li><li>Eshmuminov, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systematic+review+and+meta-analysis+of+postoperative+pancreatic+fistula+rates+using+the+updated+2016+International+Study+Group+Pancreatic+Fistula+definition+in+patients+undergoing+pancreatic+resection+with+soft+and+hard+pancreatic+texture.">Systematic review and meta-analysis of postoperative pancreatic fistula rates using the updated 2016 International Study Group Pancreatic Fistula definition in patients undergoing pancreatic resection with soft and hard pancreatic texture.</a> HPB (Oxford). 20 (11), 992-1003 (2018).</li><li>Ke, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+prospective,+randomized+trial+of+Roux-en-Y+reconstruction+with+isolated+pancreatic+drainage+versus+conventional+loop+reconstruction+after+pancreaticoduodenectomy.">A prospective, randomized trial of Roux-en-Y reconstruction with isolated pancreatic drainage versus conventional loop reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy.</a> Surgery. 153 (6), 743-752 (2013).</li><li>El Nakeeb, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolated+Roux+loop+pancreaticojejunostomy+versus+pancreaticogastrostomy+after+pancreaticoduodenectomy:+a+prospective+randomized+study.">Isolated Roux loop pancreaticojejunostomy versus pancreaticogastrostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a prospective randomized study.</a> HPB (Oxford). 16 (8), 713-722 (2014).</li><li>Tani, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Randomized+clinical+trial+of+isolated+Roux-en-Y+versus+conventional+reconstruction+after+pancreaticoduodenectomy.">Randomized clinical trial of isolated Roux-en-Y versus conventional reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy.</a> British Journal of Surgery. 101 (9), 1084-1091 (2014).</li><li>Machado, M. C., da Cunha, J. E., Bacchella, T., Bove, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+modified+technique+for+the+reconstruction+of+the+alimentary+tract+after+pancreatoduodenectomy.">A modified technique for the reconstruction of the alimentary tract after pancreatoduodenectomy.</a> Surgery Gynecology Obstetrics. 143 (2), 271-272 (1976).</li><li>Aghalarov, I., Herzog, T., Uhl, W., Belyaev, O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+modified+single-loop+reconstruction+after+pancreaticoduodenectomy+reduces+severity+of+postoperative+pancreatic+fistula+in+high-risk+patients.">A modified single-loop reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy reduces severity of postoperative pancreatic fistula in high-risk patients.</a> HPB (Oxford). 20 (7), 676-683 (2018).</li><li>Marangoni, G., Morris-Stiff, G., Deshmukh, S., Hakeem, A., Smith, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+modern+approach+to+teaching+pancreatic+surgery:+stepwise+pancreatoduodenectomy+for+trainees.">A modern approach to teaching pancreatic surgery: stepwise pancreatoduodenectomy for trainees.</a> Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery. 16 (8), 1597-1604 (2012).</li><li>. Pyloruserhaltende Duodenohemipankreatektomie nach Traverso-Longmire mit T-Drainage (pp-Whipple) Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.webop.de/Allgemein-und-Viszeralchirurgie/Pankreas-und-Milz/Pyloruserhaltende-Duodenohemipankreatektomie-nach-Traverso-Longmire-mit-T-Drainage-pp-Whipple">https://www.webop.de/Allgemein-und-Viszeralchirurgie/Pankreas-und-Milz/Pyloruserhaltende-Duodenohemipankreatektomie-nach-Traverso-Longmire-mit-T-Drainage-pp-Whipple</a> (2019)</li><li>Machado, M. C., Machado, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systematic+use+of+isolated+pancreatic+anastomosis+after+pancreatoduodenectomy:+Five+years+of+experience+with+zero+mortality.">Systematic use of isolated pancreatic anastomosis after pancreatoduodenectomy: Five years of experience with zero mortality.</a> European Journal of Surgical Oncology. 42 (10), 1584-1590 (2016).</li><li>Pescio, G., Cariati, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+new+reconstructive+method+after+pancreaticoduodenectomy:+the+triple+Roux+on+a+"P"+loop.+Rationale+and+radionuclide+scanning+evaluation.">A new reconstructive method after pancreaticoduodenectomy: the triple Roux on a "P" loop. Rationale and radionuclide scanning evaluation.</a> HPB Surgery. 9 (4), 223-227 (1996).</li><li>Kingsnorth, A. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Safety+and+function+of+isolated+Roux+loop+pancreaticojejunostomy+after+Whipple's+pancreaticoduodenectomy.">Safety and function of isolated Roux loop pancreaticojejunostomy after Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy.</a> Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 76 (3), 175-179 (1994).</li><li>Jester, A. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Impact+of+Hepaticojejunostomy+Leaks+After+Pancreatoduodenectomy:+a+Devastating+Source+of+Morbidity+and+Mortality.">The Impact of Hepaticojejunostomy Leaks After Pancreatoduodenectomy: a Devastating Source of Morbidity and Mortality.</a> Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery. 21 (6), 1017-1024 (2017).</li><li>Funovics, J. M., Zoch, G., Wenzl, E., Schulz, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Progress+in+reconstruction+after+resection+of+the+head+of+the+pancreas.">Progress in reconstruction after resection of the head of the pancreas.</a> Surgery Gynecology Obstetrics. 164 (6), 545-548 (1987).</li><li>Jover, J. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Results+of+defunctionalized+jejunal+loop+after+pancreaticoduodenectomy.">Results of defunctionalized jejunal loop after pancreaticoduodenectomy.</a> Cirurgia Espanola. 80 (6), 373-377 (2006).</li><li>Albertson, D. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pancreaticoduodenectomy+with+reconstruction+by+Roux-en-Y+pancreaticojejunostomy:+no+operative+mortality+in+a+series+of+25+cases.">Pancreaticoduodenectomy with reconstruction by Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy: no operative mortality in a series of 25 cases.</a> The Southern Medical Journal. 87 (2), 197-201 (1994).</li></ol>

To date, POPF contributes significantly to the postoperative morbidity following PD1.
A mixture of bile and pancreatic juice can lead to mutual activation of both secretions, increasing their adverse effects on the PJ or the HJ9,13,14,15,16. Cytotoxic activity of activated phospholipase A2, which converts bil...

Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is considered a sophisticated surgical procedure. While mortality has decreased over the last decades, morbidity still remains high1. The most frequent and feared complication is the postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), which occurs in over 20% of operations2,3,4,5. POPF can lead to subsequent complications such as postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, delayed gastric emptying, intraabdominal abscess and sepsis. Increased hospital costs, prolonged hospital stay, and delayed initiation of chemotherapy in cancer patients have a dramatic socioeconomic impact2,3,4.
Different surgical approaches have been introduced in the last decades to decrease the frequency and severity of POPF. One of those is the double-loop reconstruction (DLR) with isolated Roux-en-Y loops for the biliary and pancreatic anastomoses. Separating pancreatic juice from bile is thought to decrease the detrimental effects of mutually activated secretions on the pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ). Results in the literature have been encouraging6,7,8. However, operative time is significantly prolonged with DLR4,9.
We here introduce the technique of modified single-loop reconstruction (mSLR) during PD to separate pancreatic secretion from bile compared to the conventional single-loop reconstruction (SLR, Figure 1). In this method, a single long small-bowel loop is used for the construction of the hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) and PJ. A side-to-side anastomosis between the afferent and efferent limb of the HJ facilitates isolated flow of bile and pancreatic secretions. The first promising results confirming decreased mortality and morbidity in patients with high-risk pancreata were reported by our group in 201810.
This method reduces the severity of POPF by separating pancreatic fluid and bile without prolonging the duration of surgery significantly compared to the double-loop reconstruction.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Alexis O XXL</td>
			<td>Applied medical</td>
			<td>C8405</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bauchtuch Gr&#252;n 10x90</td>
			<td>Nobatrast</td>
			<td>603219</td>
			<td>abdominal compress</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bauchtuch Gr&#252;n 45x45</td>
			<td>Nobatrast</td>
			<td>607544</td>
			<td>abdominal compress</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GIA 60mm-3.8mm</td>
			<td>Covidien/Medtronic</td>
			<td>GIA6038S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GIA Loading Unit</td>
			<td>Covidien/Medtronic</td>
			<td>GIA6038L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>OP-Flex Yankauer</td>
			<td>Unomedical</td>
			<td>34094182</td>
			<td>suction device</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pr&#228;pariertupfer-Set</td>
			<td>Fuhrmann</td>
			<td>32019</td>
			<td>sterile swab</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Schlinggazetupfer 30x40</td>
			<td>Fuhrmann</td>
			<td>32016</td>
			<td>sterile swab</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Telescopic Smoke Pencil</td>
			<td>LiNA Medical</td>
			<td>SHK-TSP-CL</td>
			<td>electro cautery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermocover ECO</td>
			<td>PEMAX</td>
			<td>TC43-75EC2</td>
			<td>bowel cover</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Whipple-Set</td>
			<td>M&#246;lnlycke</td>
			<td>97016042-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4">Drainages:</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drainagebeutel</td>
			<td>Coloplast</td>
			<td>?</td>
			<td>drainagebag</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silikon-Kapillardrainage</td>
			<td>AsidBonz</td>
			<td>551012</td>
			<td>capillary drainage</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trichteransatz f&#252;r T-Rohr</td>
			<td>R&#252;sch</td>
			<td>333169-000025</td>
			<td>2,5 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>T-Rohr nach Kehr</td>
			<td>R&#252;sch</td>
			<td>423600-000025</td>
			<td>t-tube 2,5 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4">Sutures:</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethiloop 2mm 2x45cm</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>EH387</td>
			<td>loop</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mersilene 0 FSL</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>EH7637</td>
			<td>fixation of the drainage</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PDS 1 CT</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>PDP9234</td>
			<td>suturing of the fascia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vicryl 2-0 , 6x45cm</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>VCP1226</td>
			<td>for ligature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vicryl 2-0 SHplus, 8x70</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>VCP7850</td>
			<td>for ligature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vicryl 3-0 MH-1plus</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>VCP245</td>
			<td>subcutaneous suture</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4">Pancreatic anastomoses:</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Prolene 5-0 c1</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>8890</td>
			<td>6 x</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PDS 5.0 RB-1plus</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>X1153</td>
			<td>2 x Multipack</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Prolene 4-0 RB-1</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>8871</td>
			<td>2 x holding sutures</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4">Hepaticojejunostomy:</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Prolene 5-0 c1</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>8890</td>
			<td>2 x holding sutures</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PDS 5-0 c1</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>PDP1013</td>
			<td>7 x</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PDS 6-0 c1</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>PDP1012</td>
			<td>1 x mucosa fixation sutures</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4">Gastrojejunostomy:</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PDS 4-0 SH-1 plus</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>X1154</td>
			<td>1 x Multipack</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4">Jejuno-Jejunostomy</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ligasure</td>
			<td>Covidien</td>
			<td>LS1520</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PDS 5-0 RB-1 plus</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>X1153</td>
			<td>1 x Multipack</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Prolene 2-0 SH</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>8833</td>
			<td>Vessel-suture, etc.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Prolene 3-0 SH</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>8832</td>
			<td>Cystic duct, cystic artery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Prolene 4-0 RB-1</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>8871</td>
			<td>2 mal suturing of the slit in the meso</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

modified single-loop reconstruction for pancreaticoduodenectomy

Modified single-loop reconstruction in pancreaticoduodenectomy separates pancreatic secretion from bile. It is performed in cases of high-risk pancreatic remnants to reduce the severity of postoperative pancreatic fistulas and moreover the overall postoperative morbidity. This reconstruction technique is characterized by an extra-long jejunal loop for the construction of the pancreaticojejunostomy and hepaticojejunostomy. The longer distance between these anastomoses and an additional jejuno-jejunostomy between the afferent and efferent limb of the hepaticojejunostomy separate the fluids and prevent backflow of bile towards the pancreaticojejunostomy. Thus, the secretions cannot activate each other and aggravate an existing anastomotic leakage. We observed a reduced rate of severe postoperative pancreatic fistulas after modified single-loop reconstruction compared to conventional single loop reconstruction. The technique is easy to perform, safe, and less time-consuming than a traditional double-loop reconstruction.

Every patient undergoing PD underwent an investigation of the pancreatic tissue to evaluate the indication for mSLR. High-risk pancreatic remnants (i.e., soft pancreatic tissue and a tiny main pancreatic duct) were reconstructed using a modified single loop whenever possible.
We identified 50 patients with high risk pancreatic tissue and a small main pancreatic duct. All of them underwent mSLR. The mean age was 63 &#177; 13 years old. The male/female ratio was 17:33. Indications for surgery we...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Modified Single-Loop Reconstruction for Pancreaticoduodenectomy at JoVE.com

Modified Single-Loop Reconstruction for Pancreaticoduodenectomy

The technique of modified single-loop reconstruction following pancreaticoduodenectomy separates pancreatic secretion from bile, thus reducing the severity of POPF without prolonging the duration of surgery.

Modified single-loop reconstruction in pancreaticoduodenectomy separates pancreatic secretion from bile. It is performed in cases of high-risk pancreatic ...

Separation of pancreatic secretion from bile decreases detrimental effects of mutually activated secretions on the pancreaticoduodenostomy. This reduces the severity, but not the incidence, of postoperative pancreatic fistula. The single-loop reconstruction is a frequently performed reconstruction technique in pancreaticoduodenectomy.The double-loop reconstruction has been introduced first in 1976. It realizes the theory of separation of pancreatic fluid and bile. However, this procedure is significantly more time-consuming than the conventional single-loop reconstruction.The modified single-loop reconstruction aims to separate pancreatic fluid from bile with a long jejunal limb and an additional jejunal anastomosis between the afferent and efferent limb of the hepaticojejunostomy. This picture demonstrates the finished reconstruction phase of a pancreaticoduodenectomy with a modified single-loop reconstruction. The green arrows demonstrate the pancreaticojejunostomy, the hepaticojejunostomy, and the jejunojejunostomy.The extra long jejunal limb can be seen clearly in this picture. The study protocol of this study involving human surgery only was approved by the Ethics Committee at the Ruhr-University of Bochum. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.This is the preparation of a teres ligament patch. It will be wrapped around the hepatic artery after completion of the anastomosis to reduce the risk of erosion bleeding in cases of anastomotic leakages. Begin the reconstruction phase with immobilization of a long, mobile jejunal loop.Resect the first 10 inches of the jejunum to provide enough length of the mesentery. Reposit the jejunal loop in right upper abdominal quadrant. Perform a double-layered intersite duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy.Use interrupted polydioxanone 5-0 sutures for the outer layer and interrupted polypropylene 5-0 sutures for the inner layer. Stents or sealants are not required. This sequence shows the suture of the inner layer of the pancreaticojejunostomy with an interrupted polypropylene 5-0 suture.Place the sutures close to each other to avoid an insufficiency of the anastomosis. Don't place the sutures too close to each other to avoid necrosis of the suture tissue. Here we see the construction of the outer layer of the pancreaticojejunostomy with an interrupted polydioxanone 5-0 suture.The sutures are prepared as demonstrated in this sequence. Once again, don't place the sutures too close to each other. This is the finished double-layer into the duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy.Construct the outer wall of the jejunojejunostomy before constructing the hepaticojejunostomy. This facilitates the construction of the hepaticojejunostomy. Now we can clearly see how the long jejunal limb is going to be placed.The jejunal loop between hepaticojejunostomy and pancreaticojejunostomy measures 25 to 35 centimeters instead of 10 centimeters. This creates distance between the anastomosis for diversion of the secretions. It further facilitates construction of an additional jejunojejunostomy between the afferent and efferent limb of the hepaticojejunostomy.Perform a single-layer interrupted polydioxanone 5-0 suture for the hepaticojejunostomy. Split thin-walled and tiny common bile ducts with a T-tube. Begin the hepaticojejunostomy with four mucosa fixation sutures.Two polypropylene 5-0 holding sutures facilitate construction of the hepaticojejunostomy. Begin the construction of the hepaticojejunostomy with a Roux-en-Y using interrupted polydioxanone 5-0 sutures. Prepare the surgical knots but don't tie them at the beginning.The prepared surgical knots are tied afterwards to enable an equal tension on each suture. Here we can see clearly the extra long jejunal limb for a modified single-loop reconstruction. Here we see the construction of the anterior wall of the hepaticojejunostomy.The jejenojejunostomy is a 1.5 centimeter measuring double-layered jejunal anastomosis performed with a polydioxanone 5-0 suture. Construct the anastomosis at the lowest point between the efferent and afferent limb of the hepaticojejunostomy. Construct this anastomosis of the pancreaticojejunostomy and the hepaticojejunostomy because they are most sophisticated.Use monopolar cautery to open the jejunum for construction of jejunojejunostomy. Perform a continuous suture with a polydioxanone 5-0 suture for the inner layer of the rear wall of the jejunojejunostomy. The continuous suturing allows equal distribution of tension on the anastomosis.Here we see the construction of the inner layer of the anterior wall of the anastomosis. This is the construction of the outer layer of the anterior wall. Here we see the pancreaticojejunostomy, the jejunojejunostomy, and the hepaticojejunostomy in the background.Close the gap in the mesocolon after transposition of the jejunal limb to avoid internal hernia. Every patient with a soft pancreatic tissue and a tiny main pancreatic duct underwent modified single-loop reconstruction whenever possible. Mobilization of the long jejunal limb was usually no problem.In rare cases, mobilization was limited due to extreme visceral obesity or severe adhesions due to past surgical history. Small patients come along with naturally smaller space in the upper abdomen, impeding the preparation as well. The continuous double-layer reconstruction of the jejunojejunostomy was performed without difficulties in all patients.No anastomotic insufficiency occurred postoperatively. This method reduces the incidence of severe postoperative pancreatic fistula in all patients with high risk pancreatic remnants. The number of postpancreatectomy hemorrhages and reoperations was significantly lower with modified single-loop reconstruction.In comparison to the double-loop reconstruction, this procedure is significantly less technically demanding and less time-consuming. The modified single-loop reconstruction is a simple technique to separate pancreatic secretion from bile for reduction of postoperative morbidity. It is safe and less time-consuming than the double-loop reconstruction.

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Modified Technique for Coronary Artery Ligation in Mice

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most important causes of mortality in humans1-3. In order to improve morbidity and mortality in patients with MI ...

A Modified Method for Heterotopic Mouse Heart Transplantion

Mice are often used as heart transplant donors and recipients in studies of transplant immunology due to the wide range of transgenic mice and reagents ...

Designing CAD/CAM Surgical Guides for Maxillary Reconstruction Using an In-house Approach

Computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) is now being evaluated as a preparative technique for maxillofacial surgery. Because this ...

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction

Live models that resemble surgical conditions of humans are needed for training free-flap harvesting and anastomosis. Animal models for training purposes ...

A Training and Testing System for Performing Vascular Reconstruction In Vitro

Manual vascular reconstruction training is essential for a beginner surgeon. However, an optimal training system for vascular reconstruction in vitro has ...

Technical Detail for Robot Assisted Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Since its first report in 2003, robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) has gained popularity among pancreatic surgeons. Inherent advantages of the robotic ...

A Postoperative Evaluation Guideline for Computer-Assisted Reconstruction of the Mandible

Valid comparisons of postoperative accuracy results in computer-assisted reconstruction of the mandible are difficult due to heterogeneity in imaging ...

Therapy Interventions for Upper Limb Amputees Undergoing Selective Nerve Transfers

Targeted Muscle Reinnervation (TMR) improves the biological control interface for myoelectric prostheses after above-elbow amputation. Selective ...

Management of the Uncinate Process in No-Touch Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD) is a demanding abdominal operation that necessitates meticulous surgical skills and teamwork. The management of ...