eoe sub articles

EoE Sub Articles

All procedures involving animal models have been reviewed by the local institutional animal care committee and the JoVE veterinary review board.
1. Growth and Preparation of Bacterial Inocula
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	<li>Thaw glycerol stocks of&#160;Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)&#160;or&#160;H. felis&#160;from -80 &#176;C and subculture on horse blood agar (HBA) plates comprising: Blood Agar Base No.2 (see&#160;Table of Materials); a modified &#34;Skirrow&#39;s antibiotic s...

an intragastric gavage technique for controlled helicobacter infection in mice

Source: D&#39;Costa, K. et al., <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/56985">Mouse Models Of Helicobacter Infection And Gastric Pathologies.</a>&#160;J. Vis. Exp.&#160; (2018)
This video demonstrates the establishment of Helicobacter pylori infection through the intragastric gavage technique in a mouse model. The bacterial suspension is administered via a catheter inserted through the mouth into the stomach. Inoculated bacteria colonize and establish an infection in the stomach, which can be used to study the host-pathogen interaction.

<img alt="Figure 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/21710/21710_Figure1.jpg" /> 
Figure 1: Image demonstrating the oral gavage technique.&#160;A disposable 1 mL syringe and flexible catheter are used to deliver &#8805;105&#160;CFU of bacterial inocula to a mouse via the intragastric route. The mouse was anesthetized using methoxyflurane and held in a firm grip at the neck, allowing for access of the catheter to the stomach via the esophagus.

An Intragastric Gavage Technique for Controlled Helicobacter Infection in Mice

Source: D&#39;Costa, K. et al., Mouse Models Of Helicobacter Infection And Gastric Pathologies.&#160;J. Vis. Exp.&#160; (2018)
This video demonstrates the ...

To establish a Helicobacter pylori infection model, begin with an anesthetized, pathogen-free mouse. Restrain the mouse firmly to minimize movement during the procedure.
Take a syringe filled with a bacterial suspension. Connect a polyethylene catheter to the needle of the syringe for intragastric gavage &#8212; a technique of delivering the suspension directly into the stomach.
Insert the catheter into the center of the open mouth to access the esophagus, a muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach. Gently guide the catheter through the esophagus until it reaches the stomach, and deliver the bacterial suspension directly into its acidic environment.
The inoculated bacteria secrete urease, an enzyme that converts urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. The ammonia raises the pH of the stomach, neutralizing the acidity and enabling the bacteria to survive.
These bacteria utilize their flagella to traverse through the protective mucus layer, allowing them to reach the gastric epithelium, where they adhere to cells using adhesin proteins. Upon attachment, these bacteria release virulence factors that disrupt the tight junctions between the epithelial cells.
This structural disruption promotes bacterial invasion and colonization in deeper tissues, ultimately establishing a controlled infection in the stomach.

An Intragastric Gavage Technique for Controlled Helicobacter Infection in Mice

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