eoe sub articles

EoE Sub Articles

1. Prepare Complement and Target Bacteria
<ol>
	<li>Prepare baby rabbit complement (BRC) 
	NOTE: Detailed criteria for complement lot selection can be found here: https://www.vaccine.uab.edu/uploads/mdocs/UAB-MOPA.pdf
	<ol>
		<li>Obtain frozen BRC and thaw with running cold water. Physically mix the BRC every ~10-20 min until completely thawed. Do not subject BRC to repeated freeze-thaw cycles.</li>
		<li>While BRC is thawing, label 1.5 mL, 5 mL, or 15 mL centrifuge tubes. Place l...

a serum bactericidal assay for the complement-mediated bactericidal activity of antibodies

Source: Weerts, H. P., et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/59164">A High-throughput Shigella-specific Bactericidal Assay.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2019).
This video demonstrates a technique to evaluate the complement-mediated bactericidal activity of antibodies present in serum. This approach combines isolated serum with pathogenic bacteria and exogenous complement proteins. Upon incubation, the bacteria are grown on an agar plate, and the produced colonies are quantified to measure the serum bactericidal titer.

<img alt="Figure 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/21785/21785_Figure1.jpg" /> 
Figure 1: LBA plates after color development. Representative S. flexneri 3a bacterial micro-colonies have grown overnight to the appropriate size. Overlay agar has been added and colonies have developed a red color by reduction of the TTC compound in overlay agar.
<img alt="Figure 2" src="/files/ftp_upload/21785/21785_Figure2.j...

A Serum Bactericidal Assay for the Complement-Mediated Bactericidal Activity of Antibodies

Source: Weerts, H. P., et al. A High-throughput Shigella-specific Bactericidal Assay. J. Vis. Exp. (2019).
This video demonstrates a technique to evaluate ...

Take a serially diluted serum sample containing monoclonal antibodies against lipopolysaccharides, or LPS &#8212; an outer membrane component of gram-negative bacteria.
Introduce gram-negative bacteria. Serum antibodies bind to bacterial LPS.
Add complement proteins. C1 complex binds to LPS-bound antibodies, forming an enzymatically active C1.
Activated C1 cleaves C4 and C2 to form C3 convertase, which cleaves C3 to form C5 convertase. The convertase cleaves C5 to produce C5b, which recruits C6 and C7. The resulting complex inserts into the outer membrane and associates with C8 and multiple C9, forming a pore.
Outer membrane damage destabilizes the inner membrane, causing cell lysis.
Spot the mixture onto an agar plate and spread. Incubate for bacterial growth. Overlay the plate with agar containing Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, or TTC, which gets reduced by microbial dehydrogenases, imparting a red color to bacterial colonies.
Colony number increases with sample dilution, indicating reduced bactericidal activity with lower antibody concentration.

A Serum Bactericidal Assay for the Complement-Mediated Bactericidal Activity of Antibodies

Overview