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* These authors contributed equally
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycan is characterized using hydrophilic interaction chromatography UPLC. In addition, the structure of IgG N-glycan is clearly separated. Presented here is an introduction to this experimental method so that it can be widely used in research settings.
Glycomics is a new subspecialty in omics system research that offers significant potential in discovering next-generation biomarkers for disease susceptibility, drug target discovery, and precision medicine. Alternative IgG N-glycans have been reported in several common chronic diseases and suggested to have great potential in clinical applications (i.e., biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of diseases). IgG N-glycans are widely characterized using the method of hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). UPLC is a stable detection technology with good reproducibility and high relative quantitative accuracy. In addition, the structure of IgG N-glycan is clearly separated, and glycan composition and relative abundance in plasma are characterized.
N-glycosylation of human proteins is a common and essential post-translational modification1 and may help predict the occurrence and development of diseases relatively accurately. Due to the complexity of its structure, it is expected that there are more than 5,000 glycan structures, providing great potential as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for diseases2. N-glycans attached to immunoglobulin G (IgG) have been shown to be essential for IgG's function, and IgG N-glycosylation participates in the balance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory systems3. Different....
All the subjects included in the protocol have been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Capital Medical University, Beijing, China12. Written informed consent was obtained from each subject at the beginning of the study.
1. IgG isolation
As shown in Figure 1, IgG N-glycans were analyzed into 24 initial IgG glycan peaks (GPs) based on peak position and retention time. The N-glycan structures are available through mass spectrometry detection according to a previous study (Table 1)15. To ensure that the results were comparable, total area normalization was applied, in which the amount of glycans in each peak was expressed as a percentage.......
UPLC serves as a relative quantitative analysis method5,15. The results indicate that UPLC is a stable detection technology with good reproducibility and relative quantitative accuracy. The amount of glycans in each peak is expressed as a percentage of the total integrated area using UPLC, which is the relative value. The relative quantification improves the comparability of test samples. In addition, 96 well protein G plates are used to purify IgG with 96 sample.......
The authors have nothing to disclose.
This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673247 & 81872682) and Australian-China Collaborative Grant (NH & MRC - APP1112767 -NSFC 81561128020).
....Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
2-aminobenzamide, 2-AB | Sigma, China | ||
96-well collection plate | AXYGEN | ||
96-well filter plate | Pol | 0.45 um GHP | |
96-well monolithic plate | BIA Separations | ||
96-well plate rotor | Eppendorf Co., Ltd, Germany | T_1087461900 | |
Acetic acid | Sigma, China | ||
Acetonitrile | Huihai Keyi Technology Co., Ltd, China | ||
Ammonium bicarbonate | Shenggong Biological Engineering Co., Ltd, China | ||
Ammonium formate | Beijing Minruida Technology Co., Ltd. | ||
Constant shaking incubator/rocker | Zhicheng analytical instrument manufacturing co., Ltd, China | ZWY-10313 | |
Dextran Calibration Ladder/Glycopeptide column | Watts technology Co., Ltd, China | BEH column | |
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) | Sigma, China | ||
Disodium phosphate | Shenggong Biological Engineering Co., Ltd, China | ||
Electric ovens | Tester instruments Co., Ltd | 202-2AB | |
Empower 3.0 | Waters technology Co., Ltd, America | ||
Ethanol | Huihai Keyi Technology Co., Ltd, China | ||
Formic acid | Sigma, China | ||
GlycoProfile 2-AB Labeling kit | Sigma, China | ||
HCl | Junrui Biotechnology Co., Ltd, China | ||
High-speed centrifuge | Eppendorf Co., Ltd, Germany | 5430 | |
Igepal | Sigma, China | ||
Low temperature centrifuge | Eppendorf Co., Ltd, Germany | ||
Low temperature refrigerator | Qingdao Haier Co., Ltd | ||
Manifold 96-well plate | Watts technology Co., Ltd, China | 186001831 | |
Methanol | Huihai Keyi Technology Co., Ltd, China | ||
Milli-Q pure water meter | Millipore Co., Ltd, America | Advantage A10 | |
NaOH | Shenggong Biological Engineering Co., Ltd, China | ||
PH tester | Sartorius Co., Ltd, Germany | PB-10 | |
Phosphate buffered saline, PBS | Shenggong Biological Engineering Co., Ltd, China | ||
Pipette | Eppendorf Co., Ltd, Germany | 4672100, 0.5-10μl & 10-100μl & 20-200μl & 1000μl | |
PNGase F enzyme | Sigma, China | ||
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | Shenggong Biological Engineering Co., Ltd, China | ||
Propan-2-ol | Huihai Keyi Technology Co., Ltd, China | ||
SDS | Sigma, China | ||
Sodium chloride | Shenggong Biological Engineering Co., Ltd, China | ||
Sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH3CN) | Sigma, China | ||
Spectrophotometer | Shanghai Yuanxi instrument Co., Ltd | B-500 | |
Transfer liquid gun | Smer Fell Science and Technology Co., Ltd, China | 4672100 | |
Tris | Amresco, America | ||
Ultra-low temperature refrigerator | Thermo Co., Ltd, America | MLT-1386-3-V; MDF-382E | |
Ultra-performance liquid chromatography | Watts technology Co., Ltd, China | Acquity MLtraPerformance LC | |
Vacuum Pump | Watts technology Co., Ltd, China | 725000604 | |
Volatilizing machine/Dryer | Eppendorf Co., Ltd, Germany | T_1087461900 | |
Vortex | Changzhou Enpei instrument Co., Ltd, China | NP-30S | |
Water-bath | Tester instruments Co., Ltd | DK-98-IIA | |
Weighing balance | Shanghai Jingke Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd. | MP200B |
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