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Abstract

Biology

Isolation and Analysis of Traceable and Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles from the Plasma and Solid Tissues

Published: October 17th, 2022

DOI:

10.3791/63990

1State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 2Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 3Department of VIP Dental Care, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 4School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, 5College of Life Science, Northwest University, 6Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

* These authors contributed equally

Abstract

Circulating and tissue-resident extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent promising targets as novel theranostic biomarkers, and they emerge as important players in the maintenance of organismal homeostasis and the progression of a wide spectrum of diseases. While the current research focuses on the characterization of endogenous exosomes with the endosomal origin, microvesicles blebbing from the plasma membrane have gained increasing attention in health and sickness, which are featured by an abundance of surface molecules recapitulating the membrane signature of parent cells. Here, a reproducible procedure is presented based on differential centrifugation for extracting and characterizing EVs from the plasma and solid tissues, such as the bone. The protocol further describes subsequent profiling of surface antigens and protein cargos of EVs, which are thus traceable for their derivations and identified with components related to potential function. This method will be useful for correlative, functional, and mechanistic analysis of EVs in biological, physiological, and pathological studies.

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Keywords Extracellular Vesicles

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