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Abstract

Medicine

创伤超声重点评估 (FAST) 检查:图像采集

Published: September 22nd, 2023

DOI:

10.3791/65066

1Trauma, Acute, and Critical Care Surgery, Duke University Hospital, 2Mount Sinai Medical Center, 3Department of Anesthesiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 4Acute Care Surgery, Atrium Health, 5Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, 6Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham Veterans Health Administration

Abstract

在过去的二十年中,创伤超声重点评估 (FAST) 检查改变了对创伤(钝性或穿透性)和低血压患者的护理。在这些血流动力学不稳定的创伤患者中,FAST 检查允许快速、无创地筛查游离心包或腹膜液,后者表明腹腔内损伤可能是导致低血压的原因,因此需要紧急腹部手术探查。 此外,FAST 检查的腹部部分也可用于创伤环境之外,以筛查在任何情况下血流动力学不稳定的患者的游离腹膜液,包括在可能无意中损伤腹部器官的手术后。这些血流动力学不稳定的“非创伤”情况通常由不熟悉 FAST 检查的急诊医学或创伤外科以外的专业提供者进行分类。 因此,有必要向所有照顾危重病人的临床医生宣传有关FAST检查的知识。 为此,本文介绍了 FAST 检查图像采集:患者定位、换能器选择、图像优化和检查限制。 由于游离液体可能存在于特定的解剖位置,这些位置对于每个典型的 FAST 检查视图都是唯一的,因此这项工作集中在每个窗口的独特图像采集注意事项上:肋下、右上腹、左上腹和骨盆。

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