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Abstract

Medicine

Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases

Published: March 1st, 2024

DOI:

10.3791/66059

1Department of Emergency and the Intensive Care Unit, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 3Respiratory and critical care, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
* These authors contributed equally

Abstract

The prompt initiation of empirical anti-infective therapy is crucial in patients presenting with unexplained pulmonary infection. Although imaging acquisition is relatively straightforward in clinical practice, its lack of specificity often necessitates additional time-consuming tests such as sputum culture, bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid culture, or genetic sequencing to identify the underlying etiology of the disease accurately. Moreover, the limited efficacy of empirical anti-infective treatment may contribute to antibiotic misuse. Recent advancements in interpreting microbial background on rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) slides have enabled clinicians to promptly obtain samples through bronchoscopy (e.g., alveolar lavage, mucosal brushing, tissue clamp), facilitating bedside staining and interpretation that provides essential microbial background information. Consequently, this establishes a foundation for developing targeted anti-infection treatment and individualized drug therapy plans. With a better understanding of which pathogens are causing infections in real-time, physicians can avoid unnecessary broad-spectrum antibiotics contributing to antibiotic resistance. Establishing a rapid and standardized M-ROSE workflow within respiratory medicine departments or intensive care units will greatly assist physicians in formulating accurate treatment strategies for patients, which holds significant clinical implications.

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Keywords Rapid On site Evaluation

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