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In This Article

  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Protocol
  • Representative Results
  • Discussion
  • Disclosures
  • Acknowledgements
  • Materials
  • References
  • Reprints and Permissions

Summary

在这里,我们提出了一种用于产生和验证缺氧敏感的嵌合抗原受体 (CAR)-T 细胞的方案。该方案介绍了基于慢病毒的缺氧敏感 CAR-T 细胞的产生及其表征,包括缺氧依赖性 CAR 表达和选择性细胞毒性的验证。

Abstract

广泛的研究证明了嵌合抗原受体 T (CAR-T) 细胞疗法在治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤方面的前景。然而,治疗实体瘤仍然具有挑战性,当 CAR-T 细胞攻击表达靶抗原的正常细胞时出现的安全问题就是例证。研究人员已经探索了提高 CAR-T 细胞疗法肿瘤选择性的各种方法。沿着这条路线的一个代表性策略是构建缺氧敏感的 CAR-T 细胞,其设计方法是将氧依赖性降解结构域融合到 CAR 部分,并且仅在缺氧环境 - 肿瘤微环境 (TME) 中实现高 CAR 表达。本文提出了一种产生此类 CAR-T 细胞及其功能表征的方案,包括分析响应移动培养箱建立的不同氧水平的 CAR 表达和杀伤能力变化的方法。预计构建的 CAR-T 细胞将以氧敏感方式展示 CAR 表达和细胞毒性,从而支持它们区分缺氧 TME 和常氧正常组织以进行选择性激活的能力。

Introduction

嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞 (CAR-T) 疗法代表了癌症治疗的重大突破。自 2017 年美国食品药品监督管理局 (FDA) 批准首个用于治疗晚期/耐药性淋巴瘤和急性淋巴细胞白血病的 CAR-T 疗法以来,1,2,3, 10 种靶向 CD19 或 B 细胞成熟抗原 (BCMA) 的 CAR-T 疗法已在全球范围内获得批准4。然而,尽管进行了广泛的研究,但复制 CAR-T 疗法在治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤方面的显着疗效对于其在实体瘤中的应用仍然具有挑战性 5,6,7,8。

免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境 (TME) 是 CAR-T 在实体瘤环境中疗效不佳的主要因素。由于营养不足、缺氧、酸性 pH 值和代谢废物的积累,TME 会阻碍 CAR-T 细胞的活性和存活

Protocol

在这项研究中,将 HER2-BBz-ODD,一种靶向 HER2 (基因 ID: 2064) 的缺氧敏感 CAR 与其常规对应物 HER2-BBz 进行了比较。两种 CAR 的示意图如图 1A 所示,其中显示 HER2-BBz-ODD 是通过将 ODD 序列添加到 CD3ξ 的 C 端而从 HER2-BBz 衍生而来的。表达两种 CAR 的慢病毒载体的构建以及通过 293T 细胞转染产生相应的慢病毒已在前面描述过 31

Representative Results

将 HIF-1α 的 ODD 结构域与 CAR 部分融合是产生缺氧敏感 CAR 的主要策略。本研究中分析的缺氧敏感的 HER2 靶向 CAR 命名为 HER2-BBz-ODD,是通过将 ODD 序列整合到其常规 HER2-BBz 中来使用这种策略构建的(图 1A)。在这项研究中,我们使用慢病毒转导表达 HER2-BBz-ODD CAR 或 HER2-BBz CAR,随后检测了它们在两种细胞类型中的氧敏感性:人 PBMC 和 Jurkat T 细胞。

Discussion

安全问题是任何 CAR-T 细胞疗法进入临床使用都必须解决的重要问题。利用肿瘤细胞或 TME 的独特特性已成为专注于开发选择性靶向肿瘤组织的 CAR-T 细胞的主要研究方向。在这个方向上,设计缺氧敏感的 CAR-T 是一种有吸引力的策略,正在探索几种方法,包括本研究中提出的一种方法——将 CAR 部分与天然存在的缺氧感应 ODD 蛋白结构域融合。另一种方法涉及用缺氧反应元件.......

Disclosures

作者没有需要声明的利益冲突。

Acknowledgements

这项工作得到了中国国家重点研发计划 (2016YFC1303402)、国家重点传染病特大专项 (2017ZX10202102, 2017ZX10304402-002-007) 和上海市卫生健康委员会总体计划 (201740194) 的支持。

....

Materials

NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
1.5 mL Centrifuge tubeQSP509-GRD-QSupernatants and cells cellection
Protocol Step 2,3,4
10% ExpressCast PAGENCM biotechP2012Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
10x PBSNCM biotech20220812Cell culture
Protocol Step 4
10 mL pipetteYueyibioYB-25HPipetting
Protocol Step 1
10xTRIS-Glycine-SDS electrophoresis bufferEpizyme3673020Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
15 mL Centrifuge tubeThermo Scientific339650Supernatants and cells cellection
Protocol Step 1
25 cm2 EasYFlaskThermo Scientific156367Cell culture
Protocol Step 3,4
4x Protein SDS PAGE Loading BufferTakara9173Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
6-well flat-bottom tissue culture platesThermo Scientific140675T Cells culture
Protocol Step 1
96-well black flat-bottom tissue culture platesGreiner655090Cytotoxicity assay
Protocol Step 4
96-well ELISA platesCorning3590ELISA
Protocol Step 5
96-well plate shakerQILINBEIERMH-2Shake
Protocol Step 4
96-well U-bottom tissue culture platesThermo Scientific268200Supernatants cellection
Protocol Step 4,5
anti-FLAG antibodySigmaF1804-50UGImmunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
CarbinolSinopharm10010061Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
Carbon dioxide incubatorThermo Scientific360Cell culture
Protocol Step 1,2,3,4
Cell counting plateHausser scientific1492Cell counting
Protocol Step 1,3,4
CELLection Pan Mouse IgG KitThermo Scientific11531DMouse IgG magnetic beads
Protocol Step 1
CentrifugeThermo Scientific75002432Cell culture
Protocol Step 1,3,4
Chemiluminescence gel imaging systemBIO-RAD12003154Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
Cobalt chloride solution (0.5 M)bioleaperBR4000203Hypoxic condition
Protocol Step 2,3,4
DMEMCorning10-103-CVCell culture
Protocol Step 4
Electronic balanceSartoriusPRACTUM612-1CNweigh
Protocol Step 5
FBSBI04-001-1ACSCell culture
Protocol Step 3,4
GAPDH Mouse mAbABclonalAC002Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
Gel electrophoresis apparatusBIO-RAD1645070Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
GloMax Microplate ReadersPromegaGM3000luciferase activity measurement
Protocol Step 4
Goat anti-Mouse IgG (H+L)YeasenP1126151Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
High speed microfreezing centrifugeeppendorf5810 RCell culture
Protocol Step 1
Human IFN-γ ELISA SetBD555142ELISA
Protocol Step 5
Items: Recombinant Human IFN-γ Lyophilized Standard, Detection Antibody Biotin Anti-Human IFN-γ , Capture Antibody Purified Anti-Human IFN-γ, Enzyme Reagent Streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (SAv-HRP)
Human IL-2 ELISA SetBD555190ELISA
Protocol Step 5
Items: Recombinant Human IL-2 Lyophilized Standard, Detection Antibody Biotin Anti-Human IL-2 , Capture Antibody Purified Anti-Human IL-2, Enzyme Reagent Streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (SAv-HRP)
IL-15R&D systemsP40933T Cells culture
Protocol Step 1
IL-21NovoproteinGMP-CC45T Cells culture
Protocol Step 1
IL-7R&D systemsP13232T Cells culture
Protocol Step 1
Inverted microscopeOlympusCKX41Cell culture
Protocol Step 1,3,4
JurkatATCCTIB-152CAR-Jurkat construction
Protocol Step 3
LSRFortessaBDLSRFortessaFlow cytometry
Protocol Step 2
Luciferase Assay SystemPromegaE1501luciferase reporter assay
Protocol Step 4
Items: Passive lysis buffer, firefly luciferase substrate
Microplate readerBioTekHTXELISA
Protocol Step 5
mobile CO2/O2/N2 Incubator ChamberChina Innovation Instrument Co., Ltd.Smartor118Hypoxic condition
Protocol Step 2, 3, 4
Mouse Anti-Hexa Histidine tagSigmaSAB2702218Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
NcmBlot Rapid Transfer BufferNCM biotechWB4600Immunoblotting
NcmECL UltraNCM biotechP10300Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
Items: NcmECL Ultra Luminol/Enhancer Reagent (A) ,NcmECL Ultra Stabilized Peroxide Reagent (B) 
NovoNectin -coated 48-well flat platesNovoproteinGMP-CH38CAR-T cells construction
Protocol Step 1
OPD (o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride) tablet setSigmaP9187Substrate Reagent
Protocol Step 5
Items: OPD tablet (silver foil),urea hydrogen peroxide tablet (gold foil)
PE-conjugated anti-DYKDDDDKBiolegend637310Flow cytometry
Protocol Step 2
Protamine sulfateSigmaP3369-1OGLentivirus infection
Protocol Step 1
Protein Marker 10 Kda-250 KDaEpizymeWJ102Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
 Purifed NA/LE Mouse Anti-Human CD3BD566685T Cells culture
Protocol Step 1
Purified NA/LE Mouse Anti-Human CD28BD555725T Cells culture
Protocol Step 1
PVDF membraneMillipore168627Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
RPMI 1640Corning10-040-CVRCCell culture
Protocol Step 3
Skim milk powderYeasenS9129060Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
SKOV3-LucATCCHTB-77Cytotoxicity assay
Protocol Step 4
Trypsin-EDTANCM biotechC125C1Cell culture
Protocol Step 4
Tween 20Sinopharm30189328Immunoblotting
Protocol Step 3
Water bathkeelreinNB014467Heating
Protocol Step 1
X-VIVO 15 LONZA04-418QSerum-free lymphocyte culture medium
Protocol Step 1

References

  1. Boardman, A. P., Salles, G. CAR T-cell therapy in large B cell lymphoma. Hematol Oncol. 41 (S1), 112-118 (2023).
  2. Chen, Y. -. J., Abila, B., Mostafa Kamel, Y. CAR-T: What is next. Cancers. 15 (3), 663 (2023).
  3. Barsan, V., et al.

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