To apply compounds to the plants using the Novel 3D-Printed Direct Plant Infusion, or DPI device, ensure the device is properly fitted to the plants. When assembled properly, the plastisol ring should be flush against the DPI device and the spout should line up with the hole drilled in the tree. Use a syringe or pipette to fill the DPI device with the compound solution of interest.
Using a syringe, penetrate the silicone tape and plastisol ring opposite to the DPI device to extract air from the interior channel. Replace any extracted compound back into the DPI device. Add an additional small patch of silicone tape over the hole created by the syringe to reinforce the area and prevent tears.
Inspect the apparatus for visible leakages at the attachment point and inspect the device reservoir for a stable liquid level. Cover the open end of the DPI device with a wax sealing film and pull it down to form a seal to reduce the evaporation of the experimental compound. Poke a single a hole in the wax film with a syringe tip to prevent the development of a vacuum, and subsequently refill the device.
Check the apparatus daily to ensure proper alignment of the components, and top off the liquid using a syringe to avoid the reservoir running dry til the desired amount is delivered. When two milliliters of two millimolar CFDA dye was introduced to the plant using the DPI device, a fluorescent signal was detected in the vasculature of the treated plant, but was absent in the controlled plant treated with 20%DMSO in water. This signal was observed within 24 hours of treatment, evenly throughout the dissected plant tissue types.
Treatment of streptomycin on Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus or CLass positive plants showed a reduction in the mean bacterial titer to 28 days after treatment compared to the control. The treated plants showed a lower mean CLas titer over all combined time points. The streptomycin treated plants as compared to the controls showed an occasional increase in new healthy flush growth after 60 days.
Imidacloprid treatment on plants significantly reduced nymph emergence at the highest Imidacloprid concentration compared to the corresponding egg count. This was visually apparent in the reduction in nymph honeydew production.
