Name: Powder Characterization and Probiotic Viability
Uploaded: 2023-04-07T14:45:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Powder Characterization and Probiotic Viability at JoVE.com

The video explains methods to determine moisture content, water activity, and probiotic viability in dried products. It details the use of Karl Fisher Equipment and hygrometers for moisture tests, along with serial dilutions and agar plating for probiotic counts. Results indicate that higher spray drying temperatures reduce probiotic viability but maintain powder yield.

powder characterization and probiotic viability

プロセス開発による噴霧乾燥プロバイオティクス製品の品質の最適化

To be defined as probiotics, microorganisms added to foods (or supplements) have to be consumed alive, be able to survive during passage in the gastrointestinal tract of the host, and reach the site of action in adequate amounts to exert beneficial effects1,2,7.
The growing interest in probiotics is due to the several benefits to human health they confer, such as the stimulation of the immune system, the reduction of serum cholesterol levels, and the enhancement of gut barrier function by acting against harmful microbes, as well as their beneficial effects in the treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome, among others2,3. In addition, several studies have demonstrated that probiotics can positively affect other parts of the human body where unbalanced microbial communities can cause infectious diseases3,4,5.
For probiotics to be therapeutically effective, the product should contain between 106-107 CFU/g of bacteria at the time of consumption6. On the other hand, the Italian Ministry of Health and Health Canada have established that the minimum level of probiotics in food should be 109 CFU/g of viable cells per day or per serving, respectively7. Considering high loads of probiotics are needed to guarantee they will have beneficial effects, it is essential to guarantee their survival during processing, shelf storage, and passage through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Several studies have demonstrated that microencapsulation is an effective method to improve the overall viability of probiotics8,9,10,11.
In this context, several methods have been developed for the microencapsulation of probiotics, such as spray-drying, freeze-drying, spray-chilling, emulsion, extrusion, coacervation, and, more recently, fluidized beds11,12,13,14. Microencapsulation by spray-drying (SD) is widely used in the food industry because it is a simple, fast, and reproducible process. It is easy to scale up, and it has a high production yield at low energy requirements11,12,13,14. Nonetheless, the exposure to high temperatures and low moisture content can affect the survival and viability of the probiotic cells15. Both parameters can be improved for a given strain by determining the effects of culture age and conditions to pre-adapt the culture and optimize the spray-drying conditions (inlet and outlet temperatures, atomization process) and the encapsulating composition8,14,16,17,18.
The composition of the encapsulating solution is also an important factor during SD as it can define the level of protection against adverse environmental conditions. Inulin, Arabic gum, maltodextrins, and skim milk are widely used as encapsulating agents for probiotic drying5,17,18,19. Inulin is a fructooligosaccharide that presents a strong prebiotic activity and promotes intestinal health19. Skim milk is very effective in maintaining the viability of dried bacterial cells and generates a powder with good reconstitution properties17.
Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum FT-259 is a lactic acid bacterium that produces bacteriocin and presents antilisterial activity, besides probiotic traits20,21. It is a facultative heterofermentative rod-shaped Gram-positive bacterium that grows from 15 &#176;C to 37 &#176;C20 and is compatible with the homeostatic body temperature. This study aimed to present all the steps involved in the production and physicochemical characterization of a spray-dried probiotic (L. paraplantarum FT-259) and evaluate the influence of the protectants and drying temperatures.

著者スポットライト:プロバイオティクス細菌の噴霧乾燥のためのプロセス開発と製品品質の評価  

プロバイオティクス菌の噴霧乾燥プロセス開発と製品品質評価

In our laboratory, we do research on beneficial microbes, including probiotics, which are live microorganisms that can be added to food to improve the health of consumers, Usually by competing with pathogenic bacteria in the gut to exclude them and relieve symptoms, like diarrhea or other gastrointestinal disorders. Nowadays, many techniques have been applied to guarantee that the probiotics will survive in food during the shelf life. And also, they needed to tolerate the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract to exert their beneficial effects inside the gut.We studied many technologies that can enhance the survival of probiotics, either in food or in the human host. Among the techniques, microencapsulation by spray drying is of great interest because it's simple, fast, and reproducible, providing high yields at low energy requirements. It's challenging, however, to determine the right conditions to obtain dried probiotics.And for that, suitable protectants must be chosen. Skim milk, maltodextrin, or other like probiotic inulin have been used with different probiotic strains. The area of microencapsulation is a happily evolving field of research that has the potential to impact the food industry by providing new products to be used as functional ingredients.In this study, we demonstrate how to obtain a microencapsulated preparation of a potential probiotic culture using the spray drying technique. We also show how to determine the main parameters to characterize the powder, obtain it, and how to evaluate the survival rate of the probiotic.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Powder Characterization and Probiotic Viability at JoVE.com

Powder Characterization and Probiotic Viability  

粉末の特性評価とプロバイオティクスの実行可能性

製品の水分含有量を測定するには、乾燥製品の100ミリグラムを正確に計量し、カールフィッシャー機器の滴定容器に入れます。開始ボタンを押して、サンプル中に存在する水のバイアンペロ滴定を開始します。水分活性を測定するには、湿度計のサンプルコンパートメント内の0.6グラムの乾燥製品を摂氏25度で計量し、機器カバーを閉じます。プロバイオティクスの生存率を決定するには、細菌培養物を9ミリリットルのペプチド水とボルテックスで完全に分散するまで希釈します。9ミリリットルの生理食塩水で希釈した細菌培養物で連続10進希釈を実行します。希釈液をデマン、ロゴサ、シャープ寒天プレートに播種し、摂氏37度で24〜48時間インキュベートします。インキュベーション後、拡大レンズ付きのコロニーカウンターを用いてコロニー形成単位またはCFUを計数する。所定の式を使用して乾燥製品中のプロバイオティクス生存率を計算し、製品分散液1グラムあたりのCFU中の生細胞数を表します。摂氏80度でのプロバイオティクスの噴霧乾燥の結果は、明確な乾燥助剤がプロバイオティクス細胞の効率的な保護を促進することを示しました。噴霧乾燥温度の上昇はプロバイオティクスの生存率を低下させる傾向があり、摂氏160度でほぼ80%に達しました。しかしながら、粉末収率は、すべての温度を通して約50%にとどまった。粉末の含水率および水分活性は、噴霧乾燥温度とともに逆に減少した。

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Powder Characterization and Probiotic Viability

Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality

Probiotics and prebiotics are of great interest to the food and pharmaceutical industries due to their health benefits. Probiotics are live bacteria that ...