Name: Collection and Analysis of Hemolymph from Small Brown Planthopper (SBPH)
Uploaded: 2023-04-28T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Collection and Analysis of Hemolymph from Small Brown Planthopper SBPH at JoVE.com

The video demonstrates a procedure for collecting hemolymph from small brown planthoppers (SBPHs). It involves immobilizing the insect, extracting hemolymph using a micropipette, and analyzing protein concentrations across different life stages using SDS-PAGE. The findings indicate similar protein levels in larval and adult SBPHs.

collection and analysis of hemolymph from small brown planthopper (sbph)

Insamling av hemolymfa från små leddjur

Both animal and plant viruses can be transmitted by arthropods, and these viruses pose a severe threat to human health and cause tremendous economic losses in agriculture1,2,3. Importantly, the arthropod hemolymph, which serves as the circulatory system and a vital element of the immune system in arthropods, plays an important role in regulating arboviral transmission. Viruses acquired through the arthropod guts are transported to other tissues only after successfully escaping the adverse hemolymph environment4,5,6,7. The lifecycle of viruses in the arthropod hemolymph involves virus survival in the fluid plasma, entry into the hemocyte, and transport to other tissues, and various virus-vector interaction mechanisms occur in the hemolymph8,9,10,11,12. For example, the vertical transmission of RSV by the SBPH is dependent on a molecular interaction between the SBPH vitellogenin protein and the RSV (rice stripe virus) capsid protein13,14. Some viruses may escape the immune response of the hemolymph by binding specific vector factors15,16,17,18. Therefore, investigating vector-virus interactions in the hemolymph of arthropods is important for developing a better understanding of arbovirus transmission.
The hemolymph of some small insects, such as planthoppers, leafhoppers, and some mosquitoes, is difficult to collect due to their size. To address this issue, several methods have been developed to collect hemolymph, including inserting a syringe needle directly into the insect body to extract a microvolume of the hemolymph, collecting exudate from the wound site with fine-tipped tweezers, and direct centrifugation. These methods have enabled the measurement of relative gene expression levels and viral titers within the hemolymph19,20,21. However, an effective method for quantifying the hemolymph volume, which is necessary for hemocyte counting, protein quantification, and enzyme activity analysis, is currently not available for these small insects.
The SBPH (small brown planthopper) is a type of small insect vector with a body length of about 2-4 mm. The SBPH is capable of transmitting a variety of plant viruses, including RSV, maize rough dwarf virus, and rice black streaked dwarf virus22,23,24. The interaction between the SBPH and RSV has been studied in depth over the past decade. To facilitate working with SBPHs, we developed a novel and simple method of collecting hemolymph. This method, which is based on the principle of capillary forces, uses a capillary with a scale mark to acquire the insect&#39;s hemolymph in a precise and quantifiable manner. This allows us to collect a specific volume of hemolymph from small insects efficiently and to study the hemolymph environment of small vectors in more detail.

Författare Spotlight: En exakt och kvantifierbar metod för att samla in hemolymfa från små leddjur  

En exakt och kvantifierbar metod för att samla hemolymf från små leddjur

Our research focuses on arboviruses, insects, and plant interactions. Obtaining hemolymph samples from small arthropods presents a technical challenge for research on insect-borne diseases. This protocol shows a precise and quantifiable technique to counter this issue.Recent research developments in the transmission of arboviruses have discovered that viruses can manipulate several important vector-factors to break through the host barrier. This protocol is a simple, cost-effective and valuable technique that allows for precise quantification of the hemolymph. This method also offers valuable technology for starting the interactions between viruses and vectors.Our upcoming research will focus on understanding the molecular mechanisms of virus transmission by vector-insects while exploring and enhancing new operational techniques.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Collection and Analysis of Hemolymph from Small Brown Planthopper SBPH at JoVE.com

Collection and Analysis of Hemolymph from Small Brown Planthopper (SBPH)  

Insamling och analys av hemolymf från Small Brown Planthopper (SBPH)

För denna studie, använd små bruna planthopper eller SBPHs uppfödda i risplantor. När kulturerna är klara, sätt de odlade SBPH: erna i ett centrifugrör och placera dem i ett isbad i 10 till 30 minuter. Placera sedan en frusen SBPH på en glasskiva under ett stereomikroskop med buken uppåt och justera fokus på dess sex ben.Förbered två pincett med hög precision med ultrafina spetsar. Tryck ner insektens kropp med en pincett för att hålla den på plats och dra försiktigt av ett ben med den andra pincetten. Tryck sedan försiktigt på insektens bröstkorg, så att hemolymf kan strömma genom såret.För att samla hemolymf, förbered en mikropipett genom att placera ett mikroliter kapillärrör i pipetlampan. Placera kapillärröret nära insektssåret och håll mikropipettpipettlampan. Rör kapillärspetsen till den utsöndrande hemolymfen och samla den.När kapillärröret når önskad skallinje, blockera det lilla hålet på pipettlampan något med fingret för att stoppa absorberingsprocessen. Släpp sedan ut den uppsamlade hemolymfen i 100 mikroliter PBS-buffert. Noggrannheten i hemolymfinsamlingen bekräftades via SDS-PAGE, som visade ett liknande proteininnehåll i alla tre hemolymfproverna, samlade separat.För larva var den totala proteinkoncentrationen cirka 3,7 milligram per milliliter. Hos vuxna kvinnliga och manliga SBPH var proteinkoncentrationerna cirka 3,5 respektive 3,6 milligram per milliliter, vilket inte visade någon signifikant skillnad mellan de tre proverna. Larvalhemolymfen visade hemocyter av två till 20 nanometer i storlek.Dessutom var cellkoncentrationen jämförbar i de tre insamlade hemolymfproverna.