Name: 풍선 태그 조립 및 센서 물고기 모자에 부착
Uploaded: 2023-10-13T12:10:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Balloon Tag Assembly and Attachment to Sensor Fish Caps at JoVE.com

balloon tag assembly and attachment to sensor fish caps

Balloon Tag Assembly를 최적화하여 센서 물고기와 살아있는 물고기를 복구합니다.

Hydropower is a significant renewable energy resource worldwide. In the United States, hydropower contributes an estimated 38% or 274 TWh of electricity generated from renewable sources1 and has the potential to add approximately 460 TWh per year2. However, as hydropower development increases, concerns about fish injury and mortality during hydraulic passage have become paramount3. Various mechanisms contribute to fish injuries during passage, including rapid decompression (barotrauma), shear stress, turbulence, strikes, cavitation, and grinding4. Although these injury mechanisms may not have an immediate impact on the overall condition of the fish, they can render them more vulnerable to diseases, fungal infections, parasites, and predation5. Additionally, direct physical injuries resulting from collisions with turbines or other hydraulic structures can lead to significant mortality, emphasizing the importance of mitigating these risks in hydropower development.
One of the most common methods for evaluating fish passage conditions is releasing Sensor Fish and live fish through hydraulic structures6,7. The Sensor Fish is an autonomous device designed to study the physical conditions that fish experience during passage through hydraulic structures, including turbines, spillways, and dam bypass alternatives8,9. Equipped with a 3D accelerometer, 3D gyroscope, temperature sensor, and pressure sensor9, the Sensor Fish provides valuable data on fish passage conditions.
Balloon tags, which are self-inflating balloons attached externally to Sensor Fish and live fish, assist in their recovery after passing through hydraulic structures. The balloon tags consist of dissolvable capsules filled with gas-generating chemicals (e.g., oxalic acid and sodium bicarbonate), a silicone stopper, and a fishing line. Prior to deployment, water is injected through the silicone stopper into the balloon. The water dissolves the vegetable-based capsules, triggering a chemical reaction that produces gas&#160;inflating the balloon. In this neutralization reaction, sodium bicarbonate, a weak base, and oxalic acid, a weak acid, react to form carbon dioxide, water, and sodium oxalate10. The chemical reaction is provided below:
2NaHCO3+ H2C2O4 &#8594; 2CO2 + 2H2O + Na2C2O4
The inflated balloon increases the buoyancy of the Sensor Fish and live fish, enabling them to float on&#160;the water surface for easier recovery.
The number of balloon tags required to achieve flotation and facilitate the retrieval of a sample (e.g., Sensor Fish or live fish) may vary based on the volume and mass characteristics of the sample. The duration of balloon tag inflation can be adjusted by injecting water at different temperatures. Colder water will increase the inflation time, while warmer water will decrease it. Balloon tags have been successfully employed in various locations, including the Farmers Screen, a unique horizontal, flat-plate fish and debris screen structure in Hood River, Oregon11, and a Francis turbine at Nam Ngum Dam in the Lao People&#39;s Democratic Republic12. Another commercially available balloon tag example is the Hi-Z Turb&#39;N Tag13,14. The Hi-Z Turb&#39;N Tag allows inflation time to be adjusted between 2 min and 60 min, depending on the injected water temperature13. This technology has been used in fish studies at many field sites, including studies involving Chinook salmon smolts released at Rocky Reach Dam on the Columbia River and juvenile American shad at Hadley Falls Dam on the Connecticut River15,16. Both technologies utilize acid-base&#160;chemical reactions to inflate the balloon tags for recovery.
This method offers cost-effectiveness and simplicity in manufacturing, with an estimated material cost of only $0.50 per balloon. As described here, the manufacturing process is easy to follow, making balloon tag production accessible to anyone.

저자 스포트라이트: Developing Cost-Effective and Customizable Balloon Tags for Fish Passage Studies (물고기 통로 연구를 위한 비용 효율적이고 사용자 정의 가능한 풍선 태그 개발) 

센서 물고기 및 살아있는 물고기 회수를 위한 풍선 태그 제조 기술

This research focuses on developing and evaluating cost-effective balloon tags for fish passage studies and hydraulic structures. Our aim is to assess the effectiveness of different balloon tag configurations for the recovery of sensor fish and live fish after they pass through these hydraulic structures. The balloon tag protocol we developed offer a cost effectiveness, customizability, and adjustable inflation times.It is a low-cost solution for large scale studies with limited budgets. It helps to understand the impact of hydraulic structures on fish and can be tailored to different species and environments. We have developed a cost-effective balloon tag manufacturing process.This will enhance our understanding of balloon tag performances under different conditions, enabling tailored testing and facilitating environmental impact assessments for developing and operating fish-friendly hydropower systems.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Balloon Tag Assembly and Attachment to Sensor Fish Caps at JoVE.com

풍선 태그 조립 및 센서 물고기 모자에 부착

풍선 태그 조립을 시작하려면 피어싱 도구를 실리콘 스토퍼에 조심스럽게 삽입하십시오. 그런 다음 스토퍼에 부착된 피어싱 도구를 15게이지 주사기 바늘에 삽입합니다. 그런 다음 실리콘 마개에서 피어싱 도구를 제거하고 마개에 바늘만 박힌 상태로 둡니다.50파운드 낚싯줄에서 6인치 조각을 자릅니다. 낚싯줄 조각을 15게이지 바늘을 통해 실리콘 스토퍼에 삽입합니다. 스토퍼와 낚싯줄을 함께 잡은 상태에서 낚싯줄을 스토퍼 안에 남겨두고 스토퍼에서 바늘을 조심스럽게 집어넣습니다.다음으로, 두 개의 산성 분말 충전 캡슐을 라텍스 풍선에 삽입합니다. 거세 밴드 플라이어와 같은 고무 밴드 확장 도구를 사용하여 풍선 입구를 부드럽게 확장합니다. 그런 다음 실리콘 마개 하나를 풍선 구멍에 조심스럽게 삽입하고 낚싯줄의 두 끝이 풍선 바깥쪽에 있도록 합니다.두 개의 O-링을 고무 밴드 확장 도구에 놓고 확장합니다. 두 개의 확장된 O-링을 통해 라텍스 풍선의 목을 밀어 넣습니다. 두 개의 O-링을 고무 밴드 확장 도구에서 조심스럽게 당겨 스토퍼 중앙에 있는 풍선의 목에 단단히 감아 둡니다.센서 피쉬 캡의 작은 구멍 중 하나를 통해 낚싯줄의 한쪽 끝을 삽입하고 중앙의 큰 구멍을 통해 당깁니다. 낚싯줄의 양쪽 끝을 함께 묶고 캡 상단에서 풍선 바닥까지 0.5-1인치의 간격을 둡니다. 여분의 낚싯줄을 매듭에 너무 가깝게 자르면 풀릴 수 있으므로 부착된 상태로 유지하십시오.두 가지 다른 온도에서 물의 양이 다른 풍선 태그의 평균 팽창 시간을 연구한 결과, 섭씨 12.7도에 비해 섭씨 18.3도에서 물을 사용할 때 전체 팽창이 더 빨리 발생하는 것으로 나타났습니다. 더 낮은 온도에서 캡슐의 느린 용해는 지연된 팽창을 일으켰습니다. 테스트 조건 중 섭씨 18.3도에서 5밀리리터의 물을 주입한 3개의 캡슐 풍선 태그는 평균 부피가 114입방센티미터로 일정한 크기를 나타냈습니다.섭씨 18.3도에서 4개의 캡슐 풍선 태그는 더 빠른 인플레이션 시작 시간을 보여주었습니다. 그러나 2개의 캡슐과 4개의 캡슐 풍선 태그의 전체 팽창 시간은 거의 동일했습니다. 3개의 캡슐 풍선 태그가 먼저 수축되기 시작했고, 4개의 캡슐이 그 뒤를 이었고, 마지막으로 2개의 캡슐 풍선 태그가 수축되기 시작했습니다.

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JoVE Journal

Engineering

Balloon Tag Assembly and Attachment to Sensor Fish Caps

Balloon Tag Manufacturing Technique for Sensor Fish and Live Fish Recovery

Fish may experience injuries and mortality when they pass through hydraulic conveyances at hydropower dams, even if these conveyances are designed to be ...