electroencephalogram (eeg) and electrocardiogram (ecg) sensor application for the caregiver for home-based eeg hyperscanning

Sincronização de EEG e ECG da vida real nas interações bebê-cuidador

With the simultaneous recording of brain activities from two or more interacting subjects, also known as hyperscanning, it has become possible to elucidate the neural basis of social interactions in their complex, bidirectional, and fast-paced dynamics1. This technique has shifted the focus from studying individuals in isolated, tightly controlled settings to examining more naturalistic interactions, such as parent-child interactions during free play2,3, puzzle-solving4, and cooperative computer games5,6. These studies demonstrate that brain activities synchronize during social interactions, i.e., show temporal similarities, a phenomenon termed interpersonal neural synchrony (INS). However, the great majority of hyperscanning studies have been confined to laboratory settings. While this allows for better experimental control, it may come at the expense of losing some ecological validity. Behaviors observed in the laboratory may not be representative of the participants&#39; typical everyday interactive behaviors due to the unfamiliar and artificial setting and the nature of the tasks imposed7.
Recent advances in mobile neuroimaging devices, such as electroencephalography (EEG) or functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), alleviate these issues by removing the requirement for participants to remain physically connected to the recording computer. Thus, they allow us to measure participants&#39; brain activities while they interact freely in the classroom or in their homes8,9. The advantage of EEG compared to other neuroimaging techniques, such as fNIRS, is that it has an excellent temporal resolution, which makes it particularly suitable for investigating fast-paced social dynamics10. Yet, it comes with the caveat that the EEG signal is highly vulnerable to motion and other physiological and non-physiological artifacts11.
Despite this, the first studies have successfully implemented EEG hyperscanning set-ups in realistic environments and conditions. For instance, Dikker et al.12 measured the EEG signal of a group of students while they engaged in various classroom activities, including attending lectures, watching videos, and participating in group discussions. This study, along with other studies8,9, has predominantly utilized dry EEG electrodes to ease the process of conducting measurements in non-laboratory settings. Compared to wet electrodes, which require the application of conductive gel or paste, dry electrodes offer notable advantages in terms of usability. They have been shown to exhibit comparable performance to wet electrodes in adult populations and stationary conditions; however, their performance may decrease in motion-related scenarios due to increased impedance levels13.
Here, we present a working protocol to capture synchronized recordings from a low-density seven-channel liquid gel EEG system with a single lead electrocardiography (ECG) connected to the same wireless amplifier (sampling rate: 500 Hz)&#160;of infant-caregiver dyads in a home setting. While active electrodes were used for adults, passive electrodes were used instead for infants since the latter typically comes in the form of ring electrodes, thereby easing the process of gel application. Additionally, EEG-ECG recordings were synchronized to three cameras and microphones to capture the participants&#39; behaviors from different angles. In the study, 8-12-month-old infants and their caregivers engaged in a reading and play task while their EEG, ECG, and behaviors were recorded. To minimize the impact of excessive movement on EEG signal quality, the tasks were conducted in a table-top setting (e.g., utilizing the kitchen table and an infant highchair), requiring participants to remain seated throughout the interaction task. Caregivers were provided with three age-appropriate books and table-top toys (equipped with suction cups to prevent them from falling). They were instructed to read to their child for approximately 5 min, followed by a 10 min play session with the toys.
This protocol details the methods for collecting synchronized EEG-ECG, video, and audio data during the reading and play tasks. The overall procedure, however, is not specific to this research design but is appropriate for different populations (e.g., parent-child dyads, friend dyads) and experimental tasks. The method of synchronization of different data streams will be presented. Further, a basic EEG preprocessing pipeline based on Dikker et al.12 will be outlined, and EEG data retention rates and quality control metrics will be reported. Since the specific analytical choices depend on a variety of factors (such as task design, research questions, EEG montage), hyperscanning-EEG analysis will not be detailed further, but instead, the reader will be referred to existing guidelines and toolboxes (e.g.,14 for guidelines;15,16 for hyperscanning analysis toolboxes). Finally, the protocol discusses challenges and potential solutions for EEG-ECG hyperscanning in the home and other real-world settings.

Autor em destaque: capturando interações bebê-cuidador por meio da coleta de dados multimodais sincronizados

Hipervarredura de EEG domiciliar para interações sociais entre bebês e cuidadores

Our research aims to study how social interactions between infants and caregivers can impact the infant's learning and development. We have developed a comprehensive hyperscanning protocol to capture synchronized EEG, ECG, and behavioral recordings from infant-caregiver dyads during interactive play tasks in the family home. Unlike prior hyperscanning protocols, which have primarily been conducted in laboratory environments, our experiment is conducted in the home setting.One key experimental challenge is balancing the need for standardization across home environments, which can limit ecological validity, with the flexibility required to promote naturalistic interactions between participants. This protocol offers unique insights into addressing potential issues and critical considerations regarding the experimental setup, tasks, and data collection in home settings. Additionally, our protocol provides a detailed demonstration of the design and setup of the multimodal synchronization of EEG, ECG, video and audio data into a single timeline.

Aplicação de sensor de eletroencefalograma (EEG) e eletrocardiograma (ECG) para o cuidador de hipervarredura de EEG domiciliar

Para começar, guarde o amplificador para o cuidador no bolso traseiro da tampa do EEG para minimizar o movimento do cabo e reduzir o ruído do EEG. Antes de aplicar a tampa, verifique se o amplifier está armazenado e conectado com segurança. Com luvas e após obter a permissão do cuidador, limpe a testa do cuidador usando compressas com álcool contendo álcool 70% isopropílico.Separe o cabelo de ambos os lados na parte superior da orelha seguindo a linha natural do cabelo para expor a orelha do cuidador. Para medir a circunferência da cabeça do cuidador, coloque a fita métrica ao redor do násio sobre a crista do ínion e entre o arrasto esquerdo e direito. Agora, usando um gesto de mão semelhante a uma coroa, estique a tampa do EEG por dentro.Comece a colocar a touca da testa do cuidador em direção à parte de trás da cabeça. Em seguida, segure as alças sem soltar a tampa. Puxe-os para baixo em direção ao queixo e aperte as pontas do gancho e do laço.Remova qualquer franja ou fio de cabelo do rosto do cuidador para evitar desconforto ou obstrução da visão. Em seguida, alise a tampa suavemente para garantir o contato próximo dos eletrodos com o couro cabeludo e eliminar quaisquer rugas na tampa. Em seguida, coloque a fita métrica sobre os eletrodos na linha média e meça a distância do násio ao íon.Ajuste a tampa usando o método de amassar e soltar, se necessário. Em seguida, meça a distância entre o arrasto esquerdo e direito para garantir que o eletrodo CZ esteja no ponto médio dessa medição. Comece aplicando gel nos eletrodos de referência e aterramento e, em seguida, aplique gel nos eletrodos restantes, começando com os da parte de trás.Ao aplicar o gel no cuidador, use uma seringa com uma ponta mais longa e fina. Insira a ponta da seringa na abertura do eletrodo e use a curva inferior para separar o cabelo. Dispense pequenas quantidades de gel enquanto retira a seringa.Ao aplicar gel nos eletrodos passivos da tampa infantil, preencha todas as aberturas dos eletrodos com gel e, em seguida, use as pontas de algodão para separar o cabelo em um movimento suave da esquerda para a direita. Para melhorar o contato do eletrodo, use a luz como um guia de referência de impedância ou consulte as leituras do software de gravação de EEG. Depois de obter baixa impedância em todos os eletrodos de EEG, limpe a área macia sob a clavícula esquerda do participante com lenços umedecidos com álcool.Prenda a fita circular na parte inferior do eletrodo de ECG e aplique gel suficiente para cobrir bem os eletrodos. Coloque o eletrodo na área macia sob a clavícula esquerda e prenda-o com fita adesiva branca sobre o sensor.

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) Sensor Application for the Caregiver for Home-Based EEG Hyperscanning

Real-Life EEG and ECG Synchronization in Infant-Caregiver Interactions

Home-Based EEG Hyperscanning for Infant-Caregiver Social Interactions

Author Spotlight: Capturing Infant-Caregiver Interactions Through Synchronized Multimodal Data Collection

Prior hyperscanning studies that record the brain activities of caregivers and children concurrently have primarily been conducted within the confines of ...

Neurociência

Experiment Preparation at the Participant&#39;s Home for Home-Based Electroencephalography (EEG) Hyperscanning

Preparação do experimento na casa do participante para hipervarredura de eletroencefalografia (EEG) domiciliar

Sensor Streams Synchronization of Electroencephalography (EEG), Electrocardiography (ECG) in Natural Settings for Caregiver-Child Interaction Studies

Sincronização de fluxos de sensores de eletroencefalografia (EEG), eletrocardiografia (ECG) em ambientes naturais para estudos de interação cuidador-criança