sensor streams synchronization of electroencephalography (eeg), electrocardiography (ecg) in natural settings for caregiver-child interaction studies

乳児と介護者の相互作用における実生活の脳波とECGの同期

With the simultaneous recording of brain activities from two or more interacting subjects, also known as hyperscanning, it has become possible to elucidate the neural basis of social interactions in their complex, bidirectional, and fast-paced dynamics1. This technique has shifted the focus from studying individuals in isolated, tightly controlled settings to examining more naturalistic interactions, such as parent-child interactions during free play2,3, puzzle-solving4, and cooperative computer games5,6. These studies demonstrate that brain activities synchronize during social interactions, i.e., show temporal similarities, a phenomenon termed interpersonal neural synchrony (INS). However, the great majority of hyperscanning studies have been confined to laboratory settings. While this allows for better experimental control, it may come at the expense of losing some ecological validity. Behaviors observed in the laboratory may not be representative of the participants&#39; typical everyday interactive behaviors due to the unfamiliar and artificial setting and the nature of the tasks imposed7.
Recent advances in mobile neuroimaging devices, such as electroencephalography (EEG) or functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), alleviate these issues by removing the requirement for participants to remain physically connected to the recording computer. Thus, they allow us to measure participants&#39; brain activities while they interact freely in the classroom or in their homes8,9. The advantage of EEG compared to other neuroimaging techniques, such as fNIRS, is that it has an excellent temporal resolution, which makes it particularly suitable for investigating fast-paced social dynamics10. Yet, it comes with the caveat that the EEG signal is highly vulnerable to motion and other physiological and non-physiological artifacts11.
Despite this, the first studies have successfully implemented EEG hyperscanning set-ups in realistic environments and conditions. For instance, Dikker et al.12 measured the EEG signal of a group of students while they engaged in various classroom activities, including attending lectures, watching videos, and participating in group discussions. This study, along with other studies8,9, has predominantly utilized dry EEG electrodes to ease the process of conducting measurements in non-laboratory settings. Compared to wet electrodes, which require the application of conductive gel or paste, dry electrodes offer notable advantages in terms of usability. They have been shown to exhibit comparable performance to wet electrodes in adult populations and stationary conditions; however, their performance may decrease in motion-related scenarios due to increased impedance levels13.
Here, we present a working protocol to capture synchronized recordings from a low-density seven-channel liquid gel EEG system with a single lead electrocardiography (ECG) connected to the same wireless amplifier (sampling rate: 500 Hz)&#160;of infant-caregiver dyads in a home setting. While active electrodes were used for adults, passive electrodes were used instead for infants since the latter typically comes in the form of ring electrodes, thereby easing the process of gel application. Additionally, EEG-ECG recordings were synchronized to three cameras and microphones to capture the participants&#39; behaviors from different angles. In the study, 8-12-month-old infants and their caregivers engaged in a reading and play task while their EEG, ECG, and behaviors were recorded. To minimize the impact of excessive movement on EEG signal quality, the tasks were conducted in a table-top setting (e.g., utilizing the kitchen table and an infant highchair), requiring participants to remain seated throughout the interaction task. Caregivers were provided with three age-appropriate books and table-top toys (equipped with suction cups to prevent them from falling). They were instructed to read to their child for approximately 5 min, followed by a 10 min play session with the toys.
This protocol details the methods for collecting synchronized EEG-ECG, video, and audio data during the reading and play tasks. The overall procedure, however, is not specific to this research design but is appropriate for different populations (e.g., parent-child dyads, friend dyads) and experimental tasks. The method of synchronization of different data streams will be presented. Further, a basic EEG preprocessing pipeline based on Dikker et al.12 will be outlined, and EEG data retention rates and quality control metrics will be reported. Since the specific analytical choices depend on a variety of factors (such as task design, research questions, EEG montage), hyperscanning-EEG analysis will not be detailed further, but instead, the reader will be referred to existing guidelines and toolboxes (e.g.,14 for guidelines;15,16 for hyperscanning analysis toolboxes). Finally, the protocol discusses challenges and potential solutions for EEG-ECG hyperscanning in the home and other real-world settings.

著者スポットライト:同期されたマルチモーダルデータ収集による乳児と介護者の相互作用のキャプチャ

乳児と介護者の社会的相互作用のための在宅脳波ハイパースキャン

Our research aims to study how social interactions between infants and caregivers can impact the infant's learning and development. We have developed a comprehensive hyperscanning protocol to capture synchronized EEG, ECG, and behavioral recordings from infant-caregiver dyads during interactive play tasks in the family home. Unlike prior hyperscanning protocols, which have primarily been conducted in laboratory environments, our experiment is conducted in the home setting.One key experimental challenge is balancing the need for standardization across home environments, which can limit ecological validity, with the flexibility required to promote naturalistic interactions between participants. This protocol offers unique insights into addressing potential issues and critical considerations regarding the experimental setup, tasks, and data collection in home settings. Additionally, our protocol provides a detailed demonstration of the design and setup of the multimodal synchronization of EEG, ECG, video and audio data into a single timeline.

介護者と子供の相互作用研究のための自然環境における脳波計(EEG)、心電図(ECG)のセンサーストリーム同期

在宅EEGハイパースキャンに必要なセットアップを手配した後、介護者に手順の準備をさせます。次に、マイクレシーバーをそれぞれのビデオカメラに取り付けて、ビデオとオーディオを自動的に同期します。マイク送信機を介護者のトップの襟と乳児用ベストに取り付けます。カメラが部屋のトリガーボックスからのLED光信号をキャプチャするように配置されていることを確認したら、3つのビデオカメラすべてで録画を開始します。ラップトップと乳児と介護者の両方のアンプで脳波記録を開始します。2.5ミリメートルジャックを使用して、両方のアンプをトリガーボックスに接続し、しっかりと接続します。押しボタンを長押しすると、マーカーの外観に顕著な違いが見られるのは長押しでのみ明らかになります。トリガーボックスからのLED信号がすべてのカメラの録画に表示されていることを確認します。ラップトップで進行中のEEG記録に同時マーカーがないか確認してください。その後、リファイアをトリガーボックスのセットアップから取り外します。実験タスクを実施するときは、気を散らさないように、実験中、すべての実験者が乳児の視界から隠れていることを確認してください。1人の実験者は、センサーストリーミングの問題が発生した場合に介入するために、録音ラップトップの近くにとどまる必要があります。ビデオカメラ、EEGソフトウェア、およびでの録画を停止します amplifier。次に、 amplifierをオフにして、キャップから取り外します。その後、介護者から始めて、ECGテープと電極を慎重に取り外します。必要に応じて、介護者が乳児の心電図を取り外すのを手伝ってください。次に、キャップのフックとループの端を緩めます。キャップを後ろに剥がし、裏返します。乳児の頭に付着したゲルの残留物をベビーワイプで拭き取ってから、介護者のキャップを取り外してください。

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Sensor Streams Synchronization of Electroencephalography (EEG), Electrocardiography (ECG) in Natural Settings for Caregiver-Child Interaction Studies

Real-Life EEG and ECG Synchronization in Infant-Caregiver Interactions

Home-Based EEG Hyperscanning for Infant-Caregiver Social Interactions

Author Spotlight: Capturing Infant-Caregiver Interactions Through Synchronized Multimodal Data Collection

Prior hyperscanning studies that record the brain activities of caregivers and children concurrently have primarily been conducted within the confines of ...

神経科学

Experiment Preparation at the Participant&#39;s Home for Home-Based Electroencephalography (EEG) Hyperscanning

在宅脳波計 (EEG) ハイパースキャンのための参加者の自宅での実験準備

Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) Sensor Application for the Caregiver for Home-Based EEG Hyperscanning

在宅脳波ハイパースキャニングのための介護者のための脳波(EEG)および心電図(ECG)センサーの応用