Name: optic nerve transection: a model of adult neuron apoptosis in the central nervous system
Uploaded: 2011-05-12T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System at JoVE.com

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1。手術手技<ol><li>実験は無菌操作を使用して、特定の機関の動物使用のプロトコールに従って実施されるべきである。生体組織と接触する楽器と材料（ソリューション、テスト物質、トレーサー、針、など）動物福祉と研究上の潜在的な負の影響に感染して悪影響を防ぐために無菌でなければならない。 </li></ol> 2。麻酔<ol><li>ラットは、獣医イソフルラン気化器のシス?...

     

<ol>
	<li>Bahr, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Live+or+let+die+-+retinal+ganglion+cell+death+and+survival+during+development+and+in+the+lesioned+adult+CNS.">Live or let die - retinal ganglion cell death and survival during development and in the lesioned adult CNS.</a> Trends Neurosci. 23, 483-4890 (2000).</li><li>Isenmann, S., Kretz, A., Cellerino, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+determinants+of+retinal+ganglion+cell+development,+survival,+and+regeneration.">Molecular determinants of retinal ganglion cell development, survival, and regeneration.</a> Prog Retin Eye Res. 22, 483-543 (2003).</li><li>Koeberle, P. 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D., Gauldie, J., Ball, A. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+adenoviral-mediated+gene+transfer+of+interleukin-10,+interleukin-4,+and+transforming+growth+factor-beta+on+the+survival+of+axotomized+retinal+ganglion+cells.">Effects of adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of interleukin-10, interleukin-4, and transforming growth factor-beta on the survival of axotomized retinal ganglion cells.</a> Neuroscience. 125, 903-920 (2004).</li><li>Berkelaar, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Axotomy+results+in+delayed+death+and+apoptosis+of+retinal+ganglion+cells+in+adult+rats.">Axotomy results in delayed death and apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in adult rats.</a> J Neurosci. 14, 4368-4374 (1994).</li><li>Villegas-Perez, M. 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そこにこの外科手術の多くのバリエーションがあり、このプロトコールのステップのいくつかは必要ありません。それは唯一の神経へのアクセスを得るために、視神経を覆う筋肉を撤回することが必要である。しかし、神経の周りは非常に限られた作業スペースにこの結果は、切除の重要な最終段階は、より困難になります。特定の状況では、外眼筋や涙腺のすべてが、このインスタンスで?...

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		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
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<tr>
<td>Stereotaxic Frame</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Stoelting, Kopf, WPI</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>Rat Gas Mask</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Stoelting, Kopf, WPI</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>Anesthesia System</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>VetEquip</td>
<td>901806</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Isoflurane (PrAErrane)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Baxter Corp</td>
<td>DIN 02225875</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Surgical Microscope</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>WPI, Zeiss, Leica</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>Fluorogold -(Hydroxystilbamidine bis(methanesulfonate)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>39286</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>Gelfoam</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Pharmacia &amp; Upjohn</td>
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<td>Tears Naturale P.M.</td>
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<td>Alcon</td>
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<td>Proviodine</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Medline</td>
<td>MDS093945H</td>
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<td>Vannas spring scissors</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>15000-00</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>Fine tip Dumont forceps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>11252-00</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Micro surgical hook</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>10062-12</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Eye dressing serrated forceps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>11152-10</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Dumont #7b sharp curved serrated forceps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>11270-20</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Cauterizer</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>18010-00</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
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optic nerve transection: a model of adult neuron apoptosis in the central nervous system

網膜神経節細胞は（RGCs）視神経を経由して、網膜から脳にその出力を視覚情報CNSニューロンです。視神経は、全体RGC​​人口の軸索を切断、目と完全にtransected（axotomized）の軌道内でアクセスすることができます。視神経切断は、成体中枢神経系1-4のアポトーシス神経細胞死の再現可能なモデルです。眼の硝子体腔は眼内注射を介して実験操作を可能にして、網膜への薬物送達のためのカプセルとして機能するので、このモデルは特に魅力的です。硝子体液を介して化学物質の拡散は、彼らが全体のRGCの人口に基づいて行動することを保証します。また、RGCsが選択的に標的、上丘8に視神経5月7日または注入ベクトルのカットの最後に短い干渉RNA（siRNA）、プラスミド、またはウイルスベクターを適用することにより、トランスフェクションすることができる。これは、研究者は他のバイスタンダーの神経細胞または周囲のグリア細胞上で交絡の影響なく、所望の神経細胞集団のアポトーシスのメカニズムを研究することができます。追加の利点は、細胞の生存が傷害後定量することができる容易さと精度です。網膜は、平らな、層状組織であり、RGCsは最も内側の層、神経節細胞層に局在している。 RGCsの生存は、軸索切断の時に視神経の切断端に蛍光トレーサー（3％Fluorogold）を適用することによって、または上丘（RGCのターゲット）の1週間前にトレーサを注入することにより、時間の経過とともに追跡することができます。軸索切断。トレーサーは逆行全体RGC​​人口のラベル付け、搬送され。神経節細胞層が単分子層（細胞1個分の厚さ）であるため、RGC密度は立体学を必要とせずに、フラットマウント組織で定量することができる。視神経切断は14日postaxotomy 9月11日中に負傷したRGCsの90％のアポトーシス死につながる。 RGCのアポトーシスは、細胞死、細胞が急速に退化した後、3〜4日のpostaxotomyを遅延さにより時間経過特性を持っています。これは、アポトーシスに関与する経路に対して誘導実験操作のための時間ウィンドウを提供します。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System at JoVE.com

Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System

視神経切断は、成体中枢神経系の損傷の広く使用されているモデルです。軸索は完全に軸索切断後14日以内に死亡する（軸索切断）transectedされる網膜神経節細胞（RGCs）の90％。このモデルは、実験操作に簡単に従順し、再現性の高いです。

視神経切断：中枢神経系における成人ニューロンのアポトーシスのモデル

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are CNS neurons that output visual information from the retina to the brain, via the optic nerve. 
The optic nerve can be ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Methods for Experimental Manipulations after Optic Nerve Transection in the Mammalian CNS

哺乳類の中枢神経系における視神経切断後の実験操作のための方法

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are CNS neurons that output visual information from the retina to the brain, via the optic nerve. The optic nerve can be ...

Multimodal Imaging of Stem Cell Implantation in the Central Nervous System of Mice

マウスの中枢神経系における幹細胞注入のマルチモーダルイメージング

During the past decade, stem cell transplantation has gained increasing interest as primary or secondary therapeutic modality for a variety of diseases, ...

Production of Lentiviral Vectors for Transducing Cells from the Central Nervous System

中枢神経系から細胞を変換するためのレンチウイルスベクターの生産

Efficient gene delivery in the central nervous system (CNS) is important in studying gene functions, modeling neurological diseases and developing ...

Labeling of Single Cells in the Central Nervous System of Drosophila melanogaster

Labeling of Single Cells in the Central Nervous System of Drosophila melanogaster

の中枢神経系における単一細胞のラベリング<em&gt;キイロショウジョウバエ</em

In this  article we describe how to individually label neurons in the embryonic CNS of Drosophila melanogaster by juxtacellular injection of the ...

An Injury Paradigm to Investigate Central Nervous System Repair in Drosophila

An Injury Paradigm to Investigate Central Nervous System Repair in Drosophila

中枢神経系の修復を調査するために傷害パラダイム<em&gt;ショウジョウバエ</em

An experimental method has been developed to investigate the cellular responses to central nervous system (CNS) injury using the fruit-fly Drosophila. ...

Direct Intraventricular Delivery of Drugs to the Rodent Central Nervous System

齧歯中枢神経系への薬物の直接脳室内デリバリー

Due to an inability to cross the blood brain barrier, certain drugs need to be directly delivered into the central nervous system (CNS). Our lab focuses ...

In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

ポリリボソーム画によって中枢神経系Translatomeの生体尋問中

Multiple processes are involved in gene expression including transcription, translation and stability of mRNAs and proteins. Each of these steps are ...

In vivo Optogenetic Stimulation of the Rodent Central Nervous System

In vivo Optogenetic Stimulation of the Rodent Central Nervous System

齧歯類の中枢神経系の生体光遺伝学的刺激

The ability to probe defined neural circuits in awake, freely-moving animals with cell-type specificity, spatial precision, and high temporal resolution ...

Visual Evoked Potential Recording in a Rat Model of Experimental Optic Nerve Demyelination

実験視神経の脱髄のラットモデルにおける視覚誘発電位の記録

The visual evoked potential (VEP) recording is widely used in clinical practice to assess the severity of optic neuritis in its acute phase, and to ...

Optical Clearing of the Mouse Central Nervous System Using Passive CLARITY

パッシブCLARITYを使用したマウス中枢神経系の光学クリア

Traditionally, tissue visualization has required that the tissue of interest be serially sectioned and imaged, subjecting each tissue section to unique ...