Name: chromatin immunoprecipitation assay for tissue-specific genes using early-stage mouse embryos
Uploaded: 2011-04-29T16:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for Tissue-specific Genes using Early-stage Mouse Embryos at JoVE.com

Dit werk werd ondersteund door NIH R01 GM56244 om ANI, welke fondsen toegekend door de Amerikaanse Terugwinning en Reinvestment Act van 2009 omvat, en door het NIH R01 GM87130 naar JARP

1. Isolatie van embryo&#39;s Opmerking: Alle operaties met betrekking tot muizen moeten worden uitgevoerd in overeenstemming met de toepasselijke dieren verzorging en het gebruik van het beleid en de protocollen <ol><li> Controleren op de aanwezigheid van een paring plug in de vrouwelijke muizen de ochtend na de paring en scheiden de bevruchte vrouwtjes van de stud mannen door ze in een andere kooi. Middag van de dag dat de dekking stekker wordt waargenomen wordt beschouwd...

<ol>
	<li>Minard, M. E., Jain, A. K., Barton, M. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+epigenetic+alterations+to+chromatin+during+development.">Analysis of epigenetic alterations to chromatin during development.</a> Genesis. 47, 559-572 (2009).</li><li>Kuo, M. H., Allis, C. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+cross-linking+and+immunoprecipitation+for+studying+dynamic+Protein:DNA+associations+in+a+chromatin+environment.">In vivo cross-linking and immunoprecipitation for studying dynamic Protein:DNA associations in a chromatin environment.</a> Methods. 19, 425-433 (1999).</li><li>Johnson, K. D., Bresnick, E. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dissecting+long-range+transcriptional+mechanisms+by+chromatin+immunoprecipitation.">Dissecting long-range transcriptional mechanisms by chromatin immunoprecipitation.</a> Methods. 26, 27-36 (2002).</li><li>Yusuf, F., Brand-Saberi, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+eventful+somite:+patterning,+fate+determination+and+cell+division+in+the+somite.">The eventful somite: patterning, fate determination and cell division in the somite.</a> Anat Embryol (Berl). 211, 21-30 (2006).</li><li>Buckingham, M., Bajard, L., Chang, T., Daubas, P., Hadchouel, J., Meilhac, S., Montarras, D., Rocancourt, D., Relaix, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+formation+of+skeletal+muscle:+from+somite+to+limb.">The formation of skeletal muscle: from somite to limb.</a> J Anat. 202, 59-68 (2003).</li><li>Wright, W. E., Sassoon, D. A., Lin, V. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myogenin,+a+factor+regulating+myogenesis,+has+a+domain+homologous+to+MyoD.">Myogenin, a factor regulating myogenesis, has a domain homologous to MyoD.</a> Cell. 56, 607-617 (1989).</li><li>Edmondson, D. G., Olson, E. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+gene+with+homology+to+the+myc+similarity+region+of+MyoD1+is+expressed+during+myogenesis+and+is+sufficient+to+activate+the+muscle+differentiation+program.">A gene with homology to the myc similarity region of MyoD1 is expressed during myogenesis and is sufficient to activate the muscle differentiation program.</a> Genes Dev. 3, 628-640 (1989).</li><li>Nabeshima, Y., Hanaoka, K., Hayasaka, M., Esumi, E., Li, S., Nonaka, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myogenin+gene+disruption+results+in+perinatal+lethality+because+of+severe+muscle+defect.">Myogenin gene disruption results in perinatal lethality because of severe muscle defect.</a> Nature. 364, 532-535 (1993).</li><li>Hasty, P., Bradley, A., Morris, J. H., Edmondson, D. G., Venuti, J. M., Olson, E. N., Klein, W. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Muscle+deficiency+and+neonatal+death+in+mice+with+a+targeted+mutation+in+the+myogenin+gene.">Muscle deficiency and neonatal death in mice with a targeted mutation in the myogenin gene.</a> Nature. 364, 501-506 (1993).</li><li>Sassoon, D., Lyons, G., Wright, W. E., Lin, V., Lassar, A., Weintraub, H., Buckingham, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+two+myogenic+regulatory+factors+myogenin+and+MyoD1+during+mouse+embryogenesis.">Expression of two myogenic regulatory factors myogenin and MyoD1 during mouse embryogenesis.</a> Nature. 341, 303-307 (1989).</li><li>Brennan, T. J., Olson, E. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myogenin+resides+in+the+nucleus+and+acquires+high+affinity+for+a+conserved+enhancer+element+on+heterodimerization.">Myogenin resides in the nucleus and acquires high affinity for a conserved enhancer element on heterodimerization.</a> Genes Dev. 4, 582-595 (1990).</li><li>Rosenthal, N., Berglund, E. B., Wentworth, B. M., Donoghue, M., Winter, B., Bober, E., Braun, T., Arnold, H. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+highly+conserved+enhancer+downstream+of+the+human+MLC1/3+locus+is+a+target+for+multiple+myogenic+determination+factors.">A highly conserved enhancer downstream of the human MLC1/3 locus is a target for multiple myogenic determination factors.</a> Nucleic Acids Res. 18, 6239-6246 (1990).</li><li>Braun, T., Gearing, K., Wright, W. E., Arnold, H. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Baculovirus-expressed+myogenic+determination+factors+require+E12+complex+formation+for+binding+to+the+myosin-light-chain+enhancer.">Baculovirus-expressed myogenic determination factors require E12 complex formation for binding to the myosin-light-chain enhancer.</a> Eur J Biochem. 198, 187-193 (1991).</li><li>Chakraborty, T., Brennan, T., Olson, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+trans-activation+of+a+muscle-specific+enhancer+by+myogenic+helix-loop-helix+proteins+is+separable+from+DNA+binding.">Differential trans-activation of a muscle-specific enhancer by myogenic helix-loop-helix proteins is separable from DNA binding.</a> J Biol Chem. 266, 2878-2882 (1991).</li><li>French, B. A., Chow, K. L., Olson, E. N., Schwartz, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Heterodimers+of+myogenic+helix-loop-helix+regulatory+factors+and+E12+bind+a+complex+element+governing+myogenic+induction+of+the+avian+cardiac+alpha-actin+promoter.">Heterodimers of myogenic helix-loop-helix regulatory factors and E12 bind a complex element governing myogenic induction of the avian cardiac alpha-actin promoter.</a> Mol Cell Biol. 11, 2439-2450 (1991).</li><li>Brennan, T. J., Chakraborty, T., Olson, E. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mutagenesis+of+the+myogenin+basic+region+identifies+an+ancient+protein+motif+critical+for+activation+of+myogenesis.">Mutagenesis of the myogenin basic region identifies an ancient protein motif critical for activation of myogenesis.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 88, 5675-5679 (1991).</li><li>Lassar, A. B., Davis, R. L., Wright, W. E., Kadesch, T., Murre, C., Voronova, A., Baltimore, D., Weintraub, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+activity+of+myogenic+HLH+proteins+requires+hetero-oligomerization+with+E12/E47-like+proteins+in+vivo.">Functional activity of myogenic HLH proteins requires hetero-oligomerization with E12/E47-like proteins in vivo.</a> Cell. 66, 305-315 (1991).</li><li>Chakraborty, T., Brennan, T. J., Li, L., Edmondson, D., Olson, E. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inefficient+homooligomerization+contributes+to+the+dependence+of+myogenin+on+E2A+products+for+efficient+DNA+binding.">Inefficient homooligomerization contributes to the dependence of myogenin on E2A products for efficient DNA binding.</a> Mol Cell Biol. 11, 3633-3641 (1991).</li><li>Cserjesi, P., Olson, E. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myogenin+induces+the+myocyte-specific+enhancer+binding+factor+MEF-2+independently+of+other+muscle-specific+gene+products.">Myogenin induces the myocyte-specific enhancer binding factor MEF-2 independently of other muscle-specific gene products.</a> Mol Cell Biol. 11, 4854-4862 (1991).</li><li>Braun, T., Arnold, H. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+four+human+muscle+regulatory+helix-loop-helix+proteins+Myf3-Myf6+exhibit+similar+hetero-dimerization+and+DNA+binding+properties.">The four human muscle regulatory helix-loop-helix proteins Myf3-Myf6 exhibit similar hetero-dimerization and DNA binding properties.</a> Nucleic Acids Res. 19, 5645-5651 (1991).</li><li>Serna, d. e. l. a., L, I., Ohkawa, Y., Berkes, C. A., Bergstrom, D. A., Dacwag, C. S., Tapscott, S. J., Imbalzano, A. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=MyoD+targets+chromatin+remodeling+complexes+to+the+myogenin+locus+prior+to+forming+a+stable+DNA-bound+complex.">MyoD targets chromatin remodeling complexes to the myogenin locus prior to forming a stable DNA-bound complex.</a> Mol Cell Biol. 25, 3997-4009 (2005).</li><li>Blais, A., Tsikitis, M., Acosta-Alvear, D., Sharan, R., Kluger, Y., Dynlacht, B. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+initial+blueprint+for+myogenic+differentiation.">An initial blueprint for myogenic differentiation.</a> Genes Dev. 19, 553-569 (2005).</li><li>Cao, Y., Kumar, R. M., Penn, B. H., Berkes, C. A., Kooperberg, C., Boyer, L. A., Young, R. A., Tapscott, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Global+and+gene-specific+analyses+show+distinct+roles+for+Myod+and+Myog+at+a+common+set+of+promoters.">Global and gene-specific analyses show distinct roles for Myod and Myog at a common set of promoters.</a> EMBO J. 25, 502-511 (2006).</li><li>Ohkawa, Y., Yoshimura, S., Higashi, C., Marfella, C. G., Dacwag, C. S., Tachibana, T., Imbalzano, A. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myogenin+and+the+SWI/SNF+ATPase+Brg1+maintain+myogenic+gene+expression+at+different+stages+of+skeletal+myogenesis.">Myogenin and the SWI/SNF ATPase Brg1 maintain myogenic gene expression at different stages of skeletal myogenesis.</a> J Biol Chem. 282, 6564-6570 (2007).</li><li>Davie, J. K., Cho, J. H., Meadows, E., Flynn, J. M., Knapp, J. R., Klein, W. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Target+gene+selectivity+of+the+myogenic+basic+helix-loop-helix+transcription+factor+myogenin+in+embryonic+muscle.">Target gene selectivity of the myogenic basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor myogenin in embryonic muscle.</a> Dev Biol. 311, 650-664 (2007).</li><li>Metivier, R., Penot, G., Hubner, M. R., Reid, G., Brand, H., Kos, M., Gannon, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Estrogen+receptor-alpha+directs+ordered,+cyclical,+and+combinatorial+recruitment+of+cofactors+on+a+natural+target+promoter.">Estrogen receptor-alpha directs ordered, cyclical, and combinatorial recruitment of cofactors on a natural target promoter.</a> Cell. 115, 751-763 (2003).</li><li>Ausubel, F. M., Brent, R., Kingston, R. E., Moore, D. D., Seidman, J. G., Smith, J. A., Struhl, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. , (2010).</li></ol>

In de beschreven ChIP protocol, laten we zien dat de myogene regulator myogenin wordt geassocieerd met de myogenin promotor in de skeletspier voorloper weefsel aanwezig is in enkele E8.5 en E9.5 embryo&#39;s. Voorafgaande studies hebben uitgebreid gekarakteriseerd myogenin binding aan E doos met sequenties, te beginnen met de eerste in vitro gel shift experimenten gebruik te maken van in vitro vertaald of bacterieel geproduceerd myogenin en radioactief gemerkt DNA dat codeert voor het relevante deel va...

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">	
		
		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>ChIP Assay Kit</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Upstate Cell Signaling Solutions, Millipore</td>
<td>17-295</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Collagenase Type II</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>17101015</td>
<td>Dilution by 1 x PBS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dulbecco&#x2019;s modified eagle medium (DMEM) </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Gibco Labs, Invitrogen</td>
<td>12100-061</td>
<td>High glucose content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dulbecco&#x2019;s phosphate buffered saline 1X (DPBS)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Gibco Labs, Invitrogen</td>
<td>14190-144</td>
<td>Calcium chloride free, Magnesium chloride free</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fetal bovine serum (FBS)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Mediatech, Inc.</td>
<td>35-010-CV</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Gel extraction kit</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>QIAquick</td>
<td>28704</td>
<td>50 reaction kit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Penicillin/streptomycin stock solution</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Gibco Labs, Invitrogen</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>5000 &mu;g/ml concentration</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protease Inhibitor Cocktail</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>P8340</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Salmon sperm DNA /Protein A agarose</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Millipore</td>
<td>16-157</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>myogenin antibody</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.</td>
<td>sc-576</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Normal rabbit IgG</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Millipore</td>
<td>12-370</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Platinum PCR Supermix</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>11306-016</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>GoTaq Q-PCR master mix</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Promega</td>
<td>A6001</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

chromatin immunoprecipitation assay for tissue-specific genes using early-stage mouse embryos

Chromatine immunoprecipitatie (chip) is een krachtig hulpmiddel om eiwitten te identificeren: chromatine interacties die plaatsvinden in de context van levende cellen 1-3. Deze techniek is breed benut in weefselkweek cellen, en in mindere mate, in primaire weefsel. De toepassing van chip tot knaagdier embryonaal weefsel, met name in de vroege tijden van ontwikkeling, wordt bemoeilijkt door de beperkte hoeveelheid weefsel en de heterogeniteit van cel-en weefseltypen in het embryo. Hier presenteren wij een methode om ChIP uitvoeren met behulp van een los embryonale dag 8.5 (E8.5) embryo. Afgeschoven chromatine van een enkele E8.5 embryo kunnen worden onderverdeeld in maximaal vijf aliquots, die de onderzoeker voldoende materiaal zorgt voor controle en voor het onderzoek van specifieke eiwitten: chromatine interacties. We hebben gebruikt deze techniek om te beginnen met eiwitten document: chromatine interacties tijdens de specificatie van weefsel-specifieke genexpressie programma&#39;s. De heterogeniteit van de celtypes in een embryo beperkt noodzakelijk de toepassing van deze techniek omdat het resultaat is de detectie van eiwit: chromatine interacties zonder onderscheid te maken of de interacties plaatsvinden in alle, een onderdeel van, of een enkele cel type (s). Echter, onderzoek van weefsel-specifieke genen tijdens of na het begin van weefsel-specifieke genexpressie mogelijk is om twee redenen. De eerste, immunoprecipitatie van weefsel specifieke factoren isoleert noodzakelijk chromatine van het celtype waarin de factor wordt uitgedrukt. Ten tweede moet immunoprecipitatie van coactivatoren en histonen met post-translationele modificaties die worden geassocieerd met gen-activering alleen gevonden worden in genen en regulerende sequenties in de cel type waar het gen wordt of is geactiveerd. De techniek moet van toepassing zijn op de studie van de meeste weefsel-specifieke gen activatie gebeurtenissen. In het onderstaande voorbeeld wordt beschreven, hebben we gebruik gemaakt E8.5 en E9.5 muizenembryo&#39;s aan factor binding aan een spier specifiek gen promoter te onderzoeken. Somieten, die de voorloper weefsels waaruit de skeletspieren van de romp en ledematen vormen, zijn aanwezig op E8.5-9,5 4,5. Myogenin is een regulerende factor die nodig is voor de skeletspieren differentiatie 6-9. De gegevens tonen aan dat myogenin is in verband met haar eigen promoter in E8.5 en E9.5 embryo&#39;s. Omdat myogenin is alleen uitgedrukt in somieten in dit stadium van ontwikkeling 6,10, de gegevens blijkt dat myogenin interacties met zijn eigen promotor al hebben plaatsgevonden in de skeletspieren voorloper cellen in E8.5 embryo&#39;s.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for Tissue-specific Genes using Early-stage Mouse Embryos at JoVE.com

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for Tissue-specific Genes using Early-stage Mouse Embryos

Demonstreren we een chromatine immunoprecipitatie (ChIP) methode om factor interacties op weefsel-specifieke genen te identificeren tijdens of na het begin van weefsel-specifieke genexpressie in muis embryonale weefsel. Dit protocol moet worden breed toepasbaar voor de studie van weefsel-specifieke gen activatie als het zich voordoet tijdens de normale embryonale ontwikkeling.

Chromatine immunoprecipitatie assay for Tissue-specifieke genen met behulp van een vroeg stadium muizenembryo&#39;s

Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a powerful tool to identify protein:chromatin interactions that occur in the context of living cells 1-3. This ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Placing Growth Factor-Coated Beads on Early Stage Chicken Embryos

Het plaatsen van Growth Factor-Coated Kralen op Early Stage kippenembryo&#39;s

The neural tube expresses many proteins in specific spatiotemporal patterns during development.   These proteins have been shown to be critical for cell ...

A Chromatin Assay for Human Brain Tissue

Een Chromatine Assay voor menselijk hersenweefsel

Chronic neuropsychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disease and autism are thought to result from a combination of genetic and environmental ...

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Chromatine immunoprecipitatie van menselijke embryonale stamcellen

The functional and structural complexity of the myriad of cells in metazoan organisms arises from a small number of stem cells. Stem cells are ...

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to Assay Dynamic Histone Modification in Activated Gene Expression in Human Cells

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP to Assay Dynamic Histone Modification in Activated Gene Expression in Human Cells

Chromatine Immunoprecipitatie (ChIP) om Assay Dynamic histon-eiwitten in Actieve genexpressie in menselijke cellen

In response to a variety of extracellular ligands, the STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) transcription factors are rapidly recruited ...

Chromosomics: Detection of Numerical and Structural Alterations in All 24 Human Chromosomes Simultaneously Using a Novel OctoChrome FISH Assay

Chromosomics: Detectie van numerieke en structurele veranderingen in alle 24 menselijke chromosomen tegelijk met behulp van een roman OctoChrome FISH-test

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique that allows specific DNA sequences to be detected on metaphase or interphase chromosomes in cell ...

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) using Drosophila tissue

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP using Drosophila tissue

Chromatine immunoprecipitatie (ChIP) met behulp van Drosophila Weefsel

Epigenetics remains a rapidly developing field that studies how the chromatin state contributes to differential gene expression in distinct cell types at ...

Efficient Chromatin Immunoprecipitation using Limiting Amounts of Biomass

Efficiënte Chromatine immunoprecipitatie behulp Beperking hoeveelheden biomassa

Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a  widely-used method for determining the interactions of different proteins with  DNA in chromatin of living ...

Generation of High Quality Chromatin Immunoprecipitation DNA Template for High-throughput Sequencing (ChIP-seq)

Generation of High Quality Chromatin Immunoprecipitation DNA Template for High-throughput Sequencing ChIP-seq

Generatie van hoge kwaliteit Chromatine immunoprecipitatie DNA Template voor High-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq)

ChIP-sequencing (ChIP-seq) methods directly  offer whole-genome coverage, where combining chromatin immunoprecipitation  (ChIP) and massively parallel ...

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds

Efficiënte en snelle isolatie van een vroeg stadium embryo&#39;s van<em&gt; Arabidopsis thaliana</em&gt; Zaden

In flowering plants, the embryo develops within a nourishing tissue - the endosperm - surrounded by the maternal seed integuments (or seed coat). As a ...

Semi-automated Imaging of Tissue-specific Fluorescence in Zebrafish Embryos

Semi-geautomatiseerde beeldvorming van Tissue-specifieke fluorescentie in zebravis embryo&#39;s

Zebrafish embryos are a powerful tool for large-scale screening of small molecules. Transgenic zebrafish that express fluorescent reporter proteins are ...