Name: isolation of mouse lung dendritic cells
Uploaded: 2011-11-22T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Mouse Lung Dendritic Cells at JoVE.com

The authors would like to thank to Marilyn Dietrich at the LSU Flow Cytometry Core Facility for her help with the cell sorting and Peter Mottram for his assistance with the microphotographs. This work was funded by the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute, the LSU-Competitive Research Program Award, and the NIH/NIAID Grants P20 RR020159 and R03AI081171.

1. Lung perfusion and single cell suspension
<ol>
 <li>Euthanize the mouse with an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine/xylazine anesthetic mixture (in mg/mouse ketamine 1.8, xylazine 0.19) and exsanguination via the femoral vein</li>
 <li>Expose the thoracic cavity by cutting and gently pulling back the outer skin of the peritoneum. Proceed to open the diaphragm by cutting the rib cage to expose both the heart and lungs.</li>
 <li>Perfuse gently the lungs using a 5 ml syringe filled with EDTA-HBSS (1mM EDTA in calciu...

<ol>
	<li>Pulendran, B., Palucka, K., Banchereau, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sensing+pathogens+and+tuning+immune+responses.">Sensing pathogens and tuning immune responses.</a> Science. 293, 253-256 (2001).</li><li>Banchereau, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Immunobiology+of+dendritic+cells.">Immunobiology of dendritic cells.</a> Annual Review of Immunology. 18, 767-811 (2000).</li><li>Manicassamy, S., Pulendran, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dendritic+cell+control+of+tolerogenic+responses.">Dendritic cell control of tolerogenic responses.</a> Immunol. Rev. 241, 206-227 (2011).</li><li>Steinman, R. M., Cohn, Z. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+a+novel+cell+type+in+peripheral+lymphoid+organs+of+mice.+I.+Morphology,+quantitation,+tissue+distribution.">Identification of a novel cell type in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. I. Morphology, quantitation, tissue distribution.</a> J. Exp. Med. 137, 1142-1162 (1973).</li><li>Asselin-Paturel, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mouse+type+I+IFN-producing+cells+are+immature+APCs+with+plasmacytoid+morphology.">Mouse type I IFN-producing cells are immature APCs with plasmacytoid morphology.</a> Nat. Immunol. 2, 1144-1150 (2001).</li><li>Chan, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interferon-producing+killer+dendritic+cells+provide+a+link+between+innate+and+adaptive+immunity.">Interferon-producing killer dendritic cells provide a link between innate and adaptive immunity.</a> Nat. Med. 12, 207-213 (2006).</li><li>Taieb, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+dendritic+cell+subset+involved+in+tumor+immunosurveillance.">A novel dendritic cell subset involved in tumor immunosurveillance.</a> Nat. Med. 12, 214-219 (2006).</li><li>Guerrero-Plata, A., Kolli, D., Hong, C., Casola, A., Garofalo, R. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Subversion+of+pulmonary+dendritic+cell+function+by+paramyxovirus+infections.">Subversion of pulmonary dendritic cell function by paramyxovirus infections.</a> Journal of Immunology. 182, 3072-3083 (2009).</li><li>Larson, R. S., Springer, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Structure+and+function+of+leukocyte+integrins.">Structure and function of leukocyte integrins.</a> Immunol. Rev. 114, 181-217 (1990).</li><li>Sung, S. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+major+lung+CD103+(alphaE)-beta7+integrin-positive+epithelial+dendritic+cell+population+expressing+Langerin+and+tight+junction+proteins.">A major lung CD103 (alphaE)-beta7 integrin-positive epithelial dendritic cell population expressing Langerin and tight junction proteins.</a> J. Immunol. 176, 2161-2172 (2006).</li><li>Wang, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Local+CD11c++MHC+class+II-+precursors+generate+lung+dendritic+cells+during+respiratory+viral+infection,+but+are+depleted+in+the+process.">Local CD11c+ MHC class II- precursors generate lung dendritic cells during respiratory viral infection, but are depleted in the process.</a> J. Immunol. 177, 2536-2542 (2006).</li><li>Bhatia, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+host+defense+against+Aspergillus+fumigatus+involves+alveolar+macrophages+with+a+predominance+of+alternatively+activated+phenotype.">Rapid host defense against Aspergillus fumigatus involves alveolar macrophages with a predominance of alternatively activated phenotype.</a> PLoS One. 6, e15943-e15943 (2011).</li><li>Shao, Z., Makinde, T. O., McGee, H. S., Wang, X., Agrawal, D. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fms-like+tyrosine+kinase+3+ligand+regulates+migratory+pattern+and+antigen+uptake+of+lung+dendritic+cell+subsets+in+a+murine+model+of+allergic+airway+inflammation.">Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand regulates migratory pattern and antigen uptake of lung dendritic cell subsets in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation.</a> J. Immunol. 183, 7531-75381 (2009).</li><li>Hao, X., Kim, T. S., Braciale, T. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+response+of+respiratory+dendritic+cell+subsets+to+influenza+virus+infection.">Differential response of respiratory dendritic cell subsets to influenza virus infection.</a> J. Virol. 82, 4908-4919 (2008).</li></ol>

Isolation of pulmonary mouse DC is an important technique for the study of a wide range of respiratory stimuli. The process of obtaining these cells includes critical steps that prevent loss of cells as well as cell viability and purity. Perfusing the lung before collection will help to eliminate any peripheral cells as well as reduce contaminant erythrocytes. The use of the automated dissociation can be advanteogus when a large number of lungs are handled, otherwise you can opt for the alternative protocol, keeping in m...

<table width="200" border="1">
 <tr>
 <td>Name of the reagent</td>
 <td>Company</td>
 <td>Catalogue number</td>
 <td>Comments (optional)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>ACK lysing buffer</td>
 <td>Invitrogen</td>
 <td>D6-0005DG</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Anti-mouse CD11c (HL3)</td>
 <td>BD Pharmingen</td>
 <td>5580979</td>
 <td>PE-Cy7 conjugated</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Anti-mouse I-A/I-E (269)</td>
 <td>BD-Pharmingen</td>
 <td>553623</td>
 <td>FITC conjugated </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Collangenase Type 1A</td>
 <td>Sigma</td>
 <td>9891-500MG</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Cell strainers</td>
 <td>BD Falcon</td>
 <td>352340, 352360</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>CD11c (N418) Microbeads</td>
 <td>Miltenyi</td>
 <td>130-052-001</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>DNase I</td>
 <td>Sigma</td>
 <td>D5025-150KU</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Hank&rsquo;s Balanced Salt solution</td>
 <td>Invitrogen</td>
 <td>14170</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Hepes buffer solution</td>
 <td>Invitrogen</td>
 <td>15630</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Petri dishes 60 mm</td>
 <td>BD Falcon</td>
 <td>351016</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>GentleMACS&trade; C tubes</td>
 <td>Miltenyi</td>
 <td>130-093-237</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Gentle MACS dissociator</td>
 <td>Miltentyi</td>
 <td>130-093-235</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>AutoMACS-Pro&trade;</td>
 <td>Miltenyi</td>
 <td>130-092-545</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>FASCS Aria</td>
 <td>BD</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
</table>

isolation of mouse lung dendritic cells

Lung dendritic cells (DC) play a fundamental role in sensing invading pathogens 1,2 as well as in the control of tolerogenic responses 3 in the respiratory tract. At least three main subsets of lung dendritic cells have been described in mice: conventional DC (cDC) 4, plasmacytoid DC (pDC) 5 and the IFN-producing killer DC (IKDC) 6,7. The cDC subset is the most prominent DC subset in the lung 8. 
The common marker known to identify DC subsets is CD11c, a type I transmembrane integrin (&beta;2) that is also expressed on monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and some B cells 9. In some tissues, using CD11c as a marker to identify mouse DC is valid, as in spleen, where most CD11c+ cells represent the cDC subset which expresses high levels of the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II). However, the lung is a more heterogeneous tissue where beside DC subsets, there is a high percentage of a distinct cell population that expresses high levels of CD11c bout low levels of MHC-II. Based on its characterization and mostly on its expression of F4&#47;80, an splenic macrophage marker, the CD11chiMHC-IIlo lung cell population has been identified as pulmonary macrophages 10 and more recently, as a potential DC precursor 11. 
In contrast to mouse pDC, the study of the specific role of cDC in the pulmonary immune response has been limited due to the lack of a specific marker that could help in the isolation of these cells. Therefore, in this work, we describe a procedure to isolate highly purified mouse lung cDC. The isolation of pulmonary DC subsets represents a very useful tool to gain insights into the function of these cells in response to respiratory pathogens as well as environmental factors that can trigger the host immune response in the lung.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Mouse Lung Dendritic Cells at JoVE.com

Isolation of Mouse Lung Dendritic Cells

A highly purified preparation of mouse lung dendritic cells is described. Specific emphasis is given to the isolation of conventional dendritic cell subset.

Lung dendritic cells (DC) play a fundamental role in sensing invading pathogens 1,2 as well as in the control of tolerogenic responses 3 in the ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Isolation of Mouse Peritoneal Cavity Cells

The peritoneal cavity is a membrane-bound and fluid-filled abdominal cavity of mammals, which contains the liver, spleen, most of the gastro-intestinal ...

Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine

Within the intestine reside unique populations of innate and adaptive immune cells that are involved in promoting tolerance towards commensal flora and ...

Isolation of Myeloid Dendritic Cells and Epithelial Cells from Human Thymus

In this protocol we provide a method to isolate dendritic cells (DC) and epithelial cells (TEC) from the human thymus. DC and TEC are the major antigen ...

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells primarily responsible for acquiring, processing and presenting antigens on antigen ...

Characterization of Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells by Imaging Flow Cytometry: A Comparison between Two Monocyte Isolation Protocols

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen presenting cells of the immune system that play a crucial role in lymphocyte responses, host defense mechanisms, and ...

Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Purification of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells from the Mouse Bone Marrow

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a technique to purify specific cell populations based on phenotypes detected by flow cytometry. This method ...

Legionella pneumophila Outer Membrane Vesicles: Isolation and Analysis of Their Pro-inflammatory Potential on Macrophages

Legionella pneumophila Outer Membrane Vesicles: Isolation and Analysis of Their Pro-inflammatory Potential on Macrophages

Bacteria are able to secrete a variety of molecules via various secretory systems. Besides the secretion of molecules into the extracellular space or ...

Human Lung Dendritic Cells: Spatial Distribution and Phenotypic Identification in Endobronchial Biopsies Using Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry

The lungs are constantly exposed to the external environment, which in addition to harmless particles, also contains pathogens, allergens, and toxins. In ...

Precision-cut Mouse Lung Slices to Visualize Live Pulmonary Dendritic Cells

Inhalation of allergens and pathogens elicits multiple changes in a variety of immune cell types in the lung. Flow cytometry is a powerful technique for ...

Isolation of Dendritic Cells from the Human Female Reproductive Tract for Phenotypical and Functional Studies

The characterization of the human dendritic cells (DCs) resident in mucosal tissues is challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining samples, and the low ...