Name: a primary neuron culture system for the study of herpes simplex virus latency and reactivation
Uploaded: 2012-04-02T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation at JoVE.com

Мы благодарим рецензентов за их вдумчивые предложения, которые помогли улучшить эту рукопись. Эта работа была поддержана грантами на MVC (NS21072, HD23315), ACW (GM61139, S10RR017970) и IM (AI073898, GM056927) из NIH. MK была частично поддержана грантом NIH обучение (5T32 AI007180).

1. Выделение и культуры СКГ нейроны из эмбрионов крыс Чтобы обеспечить полезный контекст для понимания этого протокола, а также для всестороннего обсуждения ранее литературы, установленных методов культуры SCG нейронов, в том числе на основе СКГ в пробирке культуру, пли?...

<ol>
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Это первичной культуре нейронов и инфекции система обеспечивает простой и эффективный метод для изучения молекулярных механизмов, лежащих в основе HSV-1 и задержкой реактивации. Система точно повторяет принятое признаки задержки определен в обоих инфекций человека и...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Реагент </td><td> Компания </td><td> Каталог # </td><td> Комментарии </td></tr><tr><td> 70μm нейлоновый фильтр (ячейка фильтр) </td><td> BD Biosciences </td><td> 352350 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Сбалансированные соли 1x Хэнка Решение (HBSS - / -) </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 14175 </td><td> без CaCl 2 и MgCl 2 </td></tr><tr><td> 1x минимально необходимой информации (MEM) </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 11095-080 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 5-фтор-2&#39;-дезоксиуридина </td><td> Сигма </td><td> F0503 </td><td> подготовить 20 мМ акций 1x MEM, хранить при -20 ° C </td></tr><tr><td> 96-а также плоские днища ТС </td><td> Гранулирование </td><td> 3599 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Ацикловир </td><td> &lt;EM&gt; Calbiochem </td><td> 114798 </td><td> подготовить запас 31 мм в ДМСО, хранить при -20 ° C </td></tr><tr><td> Aphidicolin </td><td> Calbiochem </td><td> 178273 </td><td> подготовить 10 мМ акции в ДМСО, хранить при -20 ° C </td></tr><tr><td> B-27 Дополнение </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 17504-44 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Коллагеназы </td><td> Сигма </td><td> C2674 </td><td> подготовить 10 мг / мл в HBSS акции - / -, хранить при -20 ° C </td></tr><tr><td> D-(+)-глюкозы </td><td> Сигма </td><td> G6152 </td><td> подготовить 40% акций H 2 O; фильтр стерилизуют и хранят при температуре 4 ° C </td></tr><tr><td> L-Глютамин </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 25030-081 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Ламинин </td><td> Сигма </td><td> L2020 </td><td> подготовить 1 мг / мл акции H 2O; быстрого замораживания 20 мклaliquats и хранят при -80 ° С, разбавленный до 2 мкг / мл рабочего конц. в стерильной H 2 O </td></tr><tr><td> Leibovit&#39;z L-15 средств массовой информации </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 11415 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Фактор роста нервов </td><td> Харлан лаборатории </td><td> BT.5017 </td><td> подготовить 50 мкг / мл акции HBSS - / -, магазин при -80 ° C </td></tr><tr><td> Neurobasal среднего </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 12348 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Phosphonoacetic кислоты (ПАК) </td><td> Сигма </td><td> P6909 </td><td> подготовить 75 мг / мл акции H 2 O, хранить при -20 ° C </td></tr><tr><td> Поли-D-лизин гидробромида </td><td> Сигма </td><td> P0899 </td><td> подготовить 20 мг / мл акции H 2 O, хранить при -20 ° C </td></tr><tr><td> Крыса хвостом коллагена </td><td> Millipore </td><td> 08-115 </td><td>Концентрация зависит от питания много, хранить при 4 ° С, разбавленный до 0,66 мг / мл рабочего конц. в стерильной H 2 O </td></tr><tr><td> Трихостатин </td><td> Сигма </td><td> T8552 </td><td> подготовить 1 мМ акции в ДМСО, хранить при -20 ° C </td></tr><tr><td> Трипсина 2,5% </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 15090-04 </td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

a primary neuron culture system for the study of herpes simplex virus latency and reactivation

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) establishes a life-long latent infection in peripheral neurons. This latent reservoir is the source of recurrent reactivation events that ensure transmission and contribute to clinical disease. Current antivirals do not impact the latent reservoir and there are no vaccines. While the molecular details of lytic replication are well-characterized, mechanisms controlling latency in neurons remain elusive. Our present understanding of latency is derived from in vivo studies using small animal models, which have been indispensable for defining viral gene requirements and the role of immune responses. However, it is impossible to distinguish specific effects on the virus-neuron relationship from more general consequences of infection mediated by immune or non-neuronal support cells in live animals. In addition, animal experimentation is costly, time-consuming, and limited in terms of available options for manipulating host processes. To overcome these limitations, a neuron-only system is desperately needed that reproduces the in vivo characteristics of latency and reactivation but offers the benefits of tissue culture in terms of homogeneity and accessibility.
Here we present an in vitro model utilizing cultured primary sympathetic neurons from rat superior cervical ganglia (SCG) (Figure 1) to study HSV-1 latency and reactivation that fits most if not all of the desired criteria. After eliminating non-neuronal cells, near-homogeneous TrkA+ neuron cultures are infected with HSV-1 in the presence of acyclovir (ACV) to suppress lytic replication. Following ACV removal, non-productive HSV-1 infections that faithfully exhibit accepted hallmarks of latency are efficiently established. Notably, lytic mRNAs, proteins, and infectious virus become undetectable, even in the absence of selection, but latency-associated transcript (LAT) expression persists in neuronal nuclei. Viral genomes are maintained at an average copy number of 25 per neuron and can be induced to productively replicate by interfering with PI3-Kinase / Akt signaling or the simple withdrawal of nerve growth factor1. A recombinant HSV-1 encoding EGFP fused to the viral lytic protein Us11 provides a functional, real-time marker for replication resulting from reactivation that is readily quantified. In addition to chemical treatments, genetic methodologies such as RNA-interference or gene delivery via lentiviral vectors can be successfully applied to the system permitting mechanistic studies that are very difficult, if not impossible, in animals. In summary, the SCG-based HSV-1 latency / reactivation system provides a powerful, necessary tool to unravel the molecular mechanisms controlling HSV1 latency and reactivation in neurons, a long standing puzzle in virology whose solution may offer fresh insights into developing new therapies that target the latent herpesvirus reservoir.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation at JoVE.com

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

В протоколе описываются эффективные и воспроизводимые модели системы для изучения вируса простого герпеса типа 1 (HSV-1) задержки и реактивации. Анализ использует однородную симпатических нейронов культуры и позволяет молекулярной вскрытия вируса нейронных взаимодействий, используя различные инструменты, включая РНК-интерференции и экспрессии рекомбинантных белков.

Первичная система культуры нейронов по изучению простого герпеса латентности вирусов и реактивации

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) establishes a life-long latent infection in peripheral neurons. This latent reservoir is the source of recurrent ...

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One of the major hurdles in the field of extracellular vesicle (EV) research today is the ability to achieve purified EV preparations in a viral infection ...

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

siRNA Электропорация модулировать аутофагии в вирусе простого герпеса типа 1-инфицированных моноцитов производные дендритные клетки

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) induces autophagy in both, immature dendritic cells (iDCs) as well as mature dendritic cells (mDCs), whereas ...