Name: quantitative measurement of invadopodia-mediated extracellular matrix proteolysis in single and multicellular contexts
Uploaded: 2012-08-27T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantitative Measurement of Invadopodia-mediated Extracellular Matrix Proteolysis in Single and Multicellular Contexts at JoVE.com

Ce travail a été soutenu par des fonds de dotation de l&#39;Université West Virginia Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center. Nous remercions Susette Mueller (Georgetown University) et Laura Kelley pour obtenir des conseils et de l&#39;aide au début. L&#39;utilisation de la facilité de West Virginia University Imaging Microscopy (soutenu par le Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, et des subventions du NIH P20 RR16440, P30 et P30 RR032138 GM103488) est grandement appréciée.

1. Production d&#39;Oregon Green 488-gélatine Lamelles couché <ol><li> Préparer un sans étiquette 5% (p / p) de bouillon de gélatine / solution de saccharose par addition de 1,25 g de gélatine et 1,25 g de saccharose dans du PBS pour un volume final de 50 ml. Réchauffer la solution de gélatine à 37 ° C et de s&#39;assurer qu&#39;il est entièrement fondu avant l&#39;utilisation. Conservez le mélange final à 4 ° C. </li><li> Nettoyer 13 mm de diamètre # 1 des lamelles de verre en plaçant une lamelle indi...

<ol>
	<li>Ridley, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Life+at+the+leading+edge.">Life at the leading edge.</a> Cell. 145, 1012-1022 (2011).</li><li>Murphy, D. A., Courtneidge, S. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+'ins'+and+'outs'+of+podosomes+and+invadopodia:+characteristics,+formation+and+function.">The 'ins' and 'outs' of podosomes and invadopodia: characteristics, formation and function.</a> Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 12, 413-426 (2011).</li><li>Linder, S., Wiesner, C., Himmel, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Degrading+Devices:+Invadosomes+in+Proteolytic+Cell+Invasion.">Degrading Devices: Invadosomes in Proteolytic Cell Invasion.</a> Annu. Rev. Cell. Dev. Biol. , (2010).</li><li>Chen, W. T., Chen, J. M., Parsons, S. J., Parsons, J. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Local+degradation+of+fibronectin+at+sites+of+expression+of+the+transforming+gene+product+pp60src.">Local degradation of fibronectin at sites of expression of the transforming gene product pp60src.</a> Nature. 316, 156-158 (1985).</li><li>Artym, V. V., Zhang, Y., Seillier-Moiseiwitsch, F., Yamada, K. M., Mueller, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamic+interactions+of+cortactin+and+membrane+type+1+matrix+metalloproteinase+at+invadopodia:+defining+the+stages+of+invadopodia+formation+and+function.">Dynamic interactions of cortactin and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase at invadopodia: defining the stages of invadopodia formation and function.</a> Cancer Res. 66, 3034-3043 (2006).</li><li>Ayala, I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multiple+regulatory+inputs+converge+on+cortactin+to+control+invadopodia+biogenesis+and+extracellular+matrix+degradation.">Multiple regulatory inputs converge on cortactin to control invadopodia biogenesis and extracellular matrix degradation.</a> J. Cell Sci. , (2008).</li><li>Ammer, A. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Saracatinib+impairs+head+and+neck+squamous+cell+carcinoma+invasion+by+disrupting+invadopodia+function.">Saracatinib impairs head and neck squamous cell carcinoma invasion by disrupting invadopodia function.</a> J. Cancer Sci. Ther. 1, 52-61 (2009).</li><li>Seals, D. F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+adaptor+protein+Tks5/Fish+is+required+for+podosome+formation+and+function,+and+for+the+protease-driven+invasion+of+cancer+cells.">The adaptor protein Tks5/Fish is required for podosome formation and function, and for the protease-driven invasion of cancer cells.</a> Cancer Cell. 7, 155-165 (2005).</li><li>Yamaguchi, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+mechanisms+of+invadopodium+formation:+the+role+of+the+N-WASP-Arp2/3+complex+pathway+and+cofilin.">Molecular mechanisms of invadopodium formation: the role of the N-WASP-Arp2/3 complex pathway and cofilin.</a> J. Cell Biol. 168, 441-452 (2005).</li><li>Kopp, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+kinesin+KIF1C+and+microtubule+plus+ends+regulate+podosome+dynamics+in+macrophages.">The kinesin KIF1C and microtubule plus ends regulate podosome dynamics in macrophages.</a> Mol. Biol. Cell. 17, 2811-2823 (2006).</li><li>Oser, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cortactin+regulates+cofilin+and+N-WASp+activities+to+control+the+stages+of+invadopodium+assembly+and+maturation.">Cortactin regulates cofilin and N-WASp activities to control the stages of invadopodium assembly and maturation.</a> J. Cell. Biol. 186, 571-587 (2009).</li><li>Abramoff, M. D., Magalhaes, P. J., Ram, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Image+Processing+with+ImageJ.">Image Processing with ImageJ.</a> Biophotonics International. 11 (7), 36-42 (2004).</li><li>Kelley, L. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oncogenic+Src+requires+a+wild-type+counterpart+to+regulate+invadopodia+maturation.">Oncogenic Src requires a wild-type counterpart to regulate invadopodia maturation.</a> J. Cell Sci. 123, 3923-3932 (2010).</li><li>Chen, W. T., Singer, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fibronectin+is+not+present+in+the+focal+adhesions+formed+between+normal+cultured+fibroblasts+and+their+substrata.">Fibronectin is not present in the focal adhesions formed between normal cultured fibroblasts and their substrata.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 7318-7322 (1980).</li><li>Chen, W. T., Olden, K., Bernard, B. A., Chu, F. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+transformation-associated+protease(s)+that+degrade+fibronectin+at+cell+contact+sites.">Expression of transformation-associated protease(s) that degrade fibronectin at cell contact sites.</a> J. Cell Biol. 98, 1546-1555 (1984).</li><li>Bharti, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Src-dependent+phosphorylation+of+ASAP1+regulates+podosomes.">Src-dependent phosphorylation of ASAP1 regulates podosomes.</a> Mol. Cell Biol. 27, 8271-8283 (2007).</li><li>Albrechtsen, R., Stautz, D., Sanjay, A., Kveiborg, M., Wewer, U. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extracellular+engagement+of+ADAM12+induces+clusters+of+invadopodia+with+localized+ectodomain+shedding+activity.">Extracellular engagement of ADAM12 induces clusters of invadopodia with localized ectodomain shedding activity.</a> Exp. Cell Res. 317 (10), 195-209 (2011).</li><li>Scott, R. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=kinases+are+required+for+invasive+path+generation+by+tumor+and+tumor-associated+stromal+cells.">kinases are required for invasive path generation by tumor and tumor-associated stromal cells.</a> J. Cell Biol. 191, 169-185 (2010).</li><li>Mueller, S. C., Yeh, Y., Chen, W. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tyrosine+phosphorylation+of+membrane+proteins+mediates+cellular+invasion+by+transformed+cells.">Tyrosine phosphorylation of membrane proteins mediates cellular invasion by transformed cells.</a> J. Cell. Biol. 119, 1309-1325 (1992).</li><li>Bowden, E. T., Coopman, P. J., Mueller, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Invadopodia:+unique+methods+for+measurement+of+extracellular+matrix+degradation+in+vitro.">Invadopodia: unique methods for measurement of extracellular matrix degradation in vitro.</a> Methods Cell Biol. 63, 613-627 (2001).</li><li>Baldassarre, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamin+participates+in+focal+extracellular+matrix+degradation+by+invasive+cells.">Dynamin participates in focal extracellular matrix degradation by invasive cells.</a> Mol. Biol. Cell. 14, 1074-1084 (2003).</li><li>Alexander, N. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extracellular+matrix+rigidity+promotes+invadopodia+activity.">Extracellular matrix rigidity promotes invadopodia activity.</a> Curr. Biol. 18, 1295-1299 (2008).</li><li>Artym, V. V., Yamada, K. M., Mueller, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ECM+degradation+assays+for+analyzing+local+cell+invasion.">ECM degradation assays for analyzing local cell invasion.</a> Methods Mol. Biol. 522, 211-219 (2009).</li><li>Schoumacher, M., Goldman, R. D., Louvard, D., Vignjevic, D. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Actin,+microtubules,+and+vimentin+intermediate+filaments+cooperate+for+elongation+of+invadopodia.">Actin, microtubules, and vimentin intermediate filaments cooperate for elongation of invadopodia.</a> J. Cell Biol. 189, 541-556 (2010).</li><li>Clark, E. S., Whigham, A. S., Yarbrough, W. G., Weaver, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cortactin+is+an+essential+regulator+of+matrix+metalloproteinase+secretion+and+extracellular+matrix+degradation+in+invadopodia.">Cortactin is an essential regulator of matrix metalloproteinase secretion and extracellular matrix degradation in invadopodia.</a> Cancer Res. 67, 4227-4235 (2007).</li><li>Yamaguchi, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phosphoinositide+3-kinase+signaling+pathway+mediated+by+p110alpha+regulates+invadopodia+formation.">Phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathway mediated by p110alpha regulates invadopodia formation.</a> J. Cell Biol. 193, 1275-1288 (2011).</li><li>Li, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+actin-bundling+protein+fascin+stabilizes+actin+in+invadopodia+and+potentiates+protrusive+invasion.">The actin-bundling protein fascin stabilizes actin in invadopodia and potentiates protrusive invasion.</a> Curr. Biol. 20, 339-345 (2010).</li><li>Yamaguchi, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phosphatidylinositol+4,5-bisphosphate+and+PIP5-kinase+Ialpha+are+required+for+invadopodia+formation+in+human+breast+cancer+cells.">Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and PIP5-kinase Ialpha are required for invadopodia formation in human breast cancer cells.</a> Cancer Sci. , (2010).</li></ol>

La possibilité de visualiser les cellules dégradant la matrice extracellulaire a aidé à découvrir les mécanismes moléculaires utilisés dans les étapes précoces de l&#39;invasion cellulaire. Mis au point par Wen-Chen Tien dans le début des années 1980 4,14,15, revêtement marquées par fluorescence des protéines extracellulaires sur des lamelles de verre pour analyse microscopique ultérieur est apparue comme la principale technique dans l&#39;évaluation de la fonction invadopodes dans un large ?...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Nom de réactif / instrument </td><td> Entreprise </td><td> Numéro de catalogue </td><td> Commentaires </td></tr><tr><td> gélatine </td><td> Sigma </td><td> G1890 </td><td> Peau de porc </td></tr><tr><td> saccharose </td><td> Pêcheur </td><td> BP220 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 12 mm des lamelles </td><td> Pêcheur </td><td> 50-121-5159 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Plaques de 24 puits </td><td> Pêcheur </td><td> 08-772-1 </td><td> BD Falcon </td></tr><tr><td> acide nitrique </td><td> Ricca </td><td> R5326000 </td><td> Solution à 20% </td></tr><tr><td> la poly-L-lysine </td><td> Sciences microscopie électronique </td><td> 19320-B </td><td> Solution à 0,1% </td></tr><tr><td> glutaraldéhyde </td><td> Sigma </td><td> G7526 </td><td> Solution 8% </td></tr><tr><td&gt; Oregon Green 488-conjugué gélatine </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> G-13186 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> le borohydrure de sodium </td><td> Sigma </td><td> 213462 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Triton X-100 </td><td> Pêcheur </td><td> BP151 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> rhodamine-phalloïdine </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> R415 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> anti-cortactine (clone 4F11) </td><td> Millipore </td><td> 05-180 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Anticorps anti-FLAG </td><td> Millipore </td><td> MAB3118 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Alexa Fluor 647 de chèvre anti-IgG de souris </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> A21235 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> ProLong antifade Or </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> P36930 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> LSM 510 microscope confocal </td><td> Zeiss </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Logiciel ImageJ </td><td> Domaine public </td><td></td><td> <a href="http://www.macbiophotonics.ca/imagej/" target="_blank">http://www.macbiophotonics.ca/imagej/</a> </td></tr><tr><td> AutoQuant X2.2 logiciel </td><td> Media Cybernetics </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> NIS Elements </td><td> Nikon </td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

quantitative measurement of invadopodia-mediated extracellular matrix proteolysis in single and multicellular contexts

L&#39;invasion cellulaire dans les tissus locaux est un processus important dans le développement et l&#39;homéostasie. Malregulated invasion et le mouvement cellulaire ultérieur est caractéristique de plusieurs processus pathologiques, notamment l&#39;inflammation, les maladies cardiovasculaires et la métastase des cellules tumorales 1. Dégradation protéolytique focalisée de la matrice extracellulaire (ECM) des composants de la membrane basale épithéliale ou endothéliale est une étape critique dans le lancement invasion cellulaire. Dans les cellules tumorales, en matière d&#39;analyse in vitro a déterminé que la dégradation de l&#39;ECM est accompli par ventrales structures membranaires riches en actine propulsion appelés invadopodes 2,3. Forme invadopodes en apposition étroite l&#39;ECM, où ils modèrent répartition ECM grâce à l&#39;action des métalloprotéases matricielles (MMP). La capacité des cellules tumorales à former invadopodes est directement corrélée avec la capacité d&#39;envahir le stroma locale et ses composants vasculaires 3. _content &quot;&gt; Visualisation de invadopodes médiation dégradation de la MEC des cellules par microscopie à fluorescence en utilisant des protéines de la matrice colorant marqués enduits sur des lamelles de verre s&#39;est imposée comme la technique la plus répandue pour évaluer le degré de protéolyse de la matrice cellulaire et potentiel invasif 4,5. Ici, nous décrivons une version de la méthode standard pour générer des lamelles de verre à marquage fluorescent en utilisant un commerce Oregon Green-488 conjugué gélatine. Cette méthode est facilement mis à l&#39;échelle pour produire rapidement un grand nombre de lamelles recouvertes. Nous montrons une partie des artefacts communs microscopiques qui sont souvent rencontrées au cours de cette procédure et comment ceux-ci peuvent être évités. Enfin, nous décrivons des méthodes normalisées au moyen de logiciels facilement disponibles pour permettre une quantification de la dégradation de la matrice de gélatine étiquetés médiée par des cellules individuelles et par l&#39;ensemble des populations cellulaires. Les procédures décrites permettent de surveiller avec précision et de façon reproductible invadopodesactivité, et peuvent aussi servir de plateforme pour l&#39;évaluation de l&#39;efficacité de modulation de l&#39;expression des protéines ou des tests anti-invasives composés sur la dégradation de la matrice extracellulaire dans des cadres uniques et multicellulaire.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantitative Measurement of Invadopodia-mediated Extracellular Matrix Proteolysis in Single and Multicellular Contexts at JoVE.com

Quantitative Measurement of Invadopodia-mediated Extracellular Matrix Proteolysis in Single and Multicellular Contexts

Nous décrivons la méthode prototype pour la fabrication des lamelles de microscope recouvertes de gélatine fluorescente pour visualiser dégradation de la matrice invadopodes médiation. Techniques de calcul à l&#39;aide du logiciel disponible sont présentées pour quantifier les niveaux résultants de protéolyse de la matrice de cellules individuelles au sein d&#39;une population mixte et des groupes pluricellulaires englobant ensemble des champs microscopiques.

Mesure quantitative de invadopodes la protéolyse matrice extracellulaire dans des contextes simples et multicellulaire

Cellular invasion into local tissues is a process important in development and homeostasis.  Malregulated invasion and subsequent cell movement is ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Studying Proteolysis of Cyclin B at the Single Cell Level in Whole Cell Populations

L&#39;étude de la protéolyse de la cycline B au niveau de la cellule unique dans les populations de cellules entières

Equal distribution of chromosomes between the two daughter cells during cell division is a prerequisite for guaranteeing genetic stability 1. Inaccuracies ...

Recherche

Biologie

Visualization and Analysis of mRNA Molecules Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Visualization and Analysis of mRNA Molecules Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Visualisation et d&#39;analyse de molécules d&#39;ARNm par fluorescence<em&gt; In Situ</em&gt; Hybridation dans<em&gt; Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em

The Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) method allows one to detect nucleic acids in the native cellular environment. Here we provide a protocol for ...

Probe-based Real-time PCR Approaches for Quantitative Measurement of microRNAs

PCR en temps réel basée sur une sonde Approches de mesure quantitative des microARN

Probe-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a favoured method for measuring transcript abundance, since it is one of the most sensitive detection methods that ...

Measurement of Extracellular Ion Fluxes Using the Ion-selective Self-referencing Microelectrode Technique

Mesure de extracellulaire Ion flux Utilisation de l&#39;Ion sélectif microélectrodes Technique d&#39;auto-référencement

Cells from animals, plants and single cells are enclosed by a barrier called the cell membrane that separates the cytoplasm from the outside. Cell layers ...

Enrichment of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Tissues and Digestion into Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Enrichissement de matrice extracellulaire de protéines à partir de tissus et la digestion en peptides pour l&#39;analyse de spectrométrie de masse

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex meshwork of cross-linked proteins that provides biophysical and biochemical cues that are major regulators of ...

Efficient Mammalian Cell Expression and Single-step Purification of Extracellular Glycoproteins for Crystallization

Une expression efficace de cellules de mammifères et en une seule étape de purification extracellulaire glycoprotéines à la cristallisation

Production of secreted mammalian proteins for structural and biophysical studies can be challenging, time intensive, and costly. Here described is a time ...

Measurement and Analysis of Extracellular Acid Production to Determine Glycolytic Rate

Mesure et analyse de la production extracellulaire acide pour Déterminer glycolytique Taux

Extracellular measurement of oxygen consumption and acid production is a simple and powerful way to monitor rates of respiration and glycolysis1. Both ...

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Microscopie électronique à balayage du tissu macéré pour visualiser la matrice extracellulaire

Fibrosis is a component of all forms of heart disease regardless of etiology, and while much progress has been made in the field of cardiac matrix ...

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix

Un rapide, méthode évolutive pour l&#39;isolement, l&#39;étude fonctionnelle, et l&#39;analyse de la matrice extracellulaire de cellules dérivées

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is recognized as a diverse, dynamic, and complex environment that is involved in multiple cell-physiological and ...

Using Microfluidic Devices to Measure Lifespan and Cellular Phenotypes in Single Budding Yeast Cells

L&#39;utilisation des dispositifs microfluidiques pour mesurer et cellulaire Lifespan dans Phenotypes simples cellules de levure de bourgeonnement

Budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an important model organism in aging research. Genetic studies have revealed many genes with conserved effects ...