Name: progenitor-derived oligodendrocyte culture system from human fetal brain
Uploaded: 2012-12-20T11:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Progenitor-derived Oligodendrocyte Culture System from Human Fetal Brain at JoVE.com

Это исследование было поддержано Внутренние программы исследований в Национальном институте здоровья, NINDS. Авторы хотели бы поблагодарить всех членов лаборатории молекулярной медицины и неврологии, Рик Дрейфус за помощь в микроскопии и Памела С. Рассев за помощь в редактировании.

Примечание: Для обычного культивирования нейронных предшественников и oligodendrocytic клетках линии, инкубационного делается при 37 ° С в увлажненной 5% CO 2 атмосферы. Каждые 2 дня, среду заменяют, используя 50 до 100% свежей среды, если культура составляет 40-70% вырожденная. Во время в...

<ol>
	<li>Messam, C. A., Hou, J., Gronostajski, R. M., Major, E. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lineage+pathway+of+human+brain+progenitor+cells+identified+by+JC+virus+susceptibility.">Lineage pathway of human brain progenitor cells identified by JC virus susceptibility.</a> Ann. Neurol. 53, 636-646 (2003).</li><li>Vescovi, A. L., Reynolds, B. A., Fraser, D. D., Weiss, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=bFGF+regulates+the+proliferative+fate+of+unipotent+(neuronal)+and+bipotent+(neuronal/astroglial)+EGF-generated+CNS+progenitor+cells.">bFGF regulates the proliferative fate of unipotent (neuronal) and bipotent (neuronal/astroglial) EGF-generated CNS progenitor cells.</a> Neuron. 11, 951-966 (1993).</li><li>Johe, K. K., Hazel, T. G., Muller, T., Dugich-Djordjevic, M. M., McKay, R. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single+factors+direct+the+differentiation+of+stem+cells+from+the+fetal+and+adult+central+nervous+system.">Single factors direct the differentiation of stem cells from the fetal and adult central nervous system.</a> Genes Dev. 10, 3129-3140 (1996).</li><li>McKay, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stem+cells+in+the+central+nervous+system.">Stem cells in the central nervous system.</a> Science. 276, 66-71 (1997).</li><li>Belachew, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Postnatal+NG2+proteoglycan-expressing+progenitor+cells+are+intrinsically+multipotent+and+generate+functional+neurons.">Postnatal NG2 proteoglycan-expressing progenitor cells are intrinsically multipotent and generate functional neurons.</a> J. Cell Biol. 161, 169-186 (2003).</li><li>Almazan, G., McKay, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+oligodendrocyte+precursor+cell+line+from+rat+optic+nerve.">An oligodendrocyte precursor cell line from rat optic nerve.</a> Brain Res. 579, 234-245 (1992).</li><li>Filipovic, R., Zecevic, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neuroprotective+role+of+minocycline+in+co-cultures+of+human+fetal+neurons+and+microglia.">Neuroprotective role of minocycline in co-cultures of human fetal neurons and microglia.</a> Exp. Neurol. 211, 41-51 (2008).</li><li>Goldman, S. A., Natesan, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+niche-defying+feat:+induced+oligoneogenesis+in+the+adult+dentate+gyrus.">A niche-defying feat: induced oligoneogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 3, 125-126 (2008).</li><li>Nunes, M. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+and+isolation+of+multipotential+neural+progenitor+cells+from+the+subcortical+white+matter+of+the+adult+human+brain.">Identification and isolation of multipotential neural progenitor cells from the subcortical white matter of the adult human brain.</a> Nat. Med. 9, 439-447 (2003).</li><li>Lyssiotis, C. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibition+of+histone+deacetylase+activity+induces+developmental+plasticity+in+oligodendrocyte+precursor+cells.">Inhibition of histone deacetylase activity induces developmental plasticity in oligodendrocyte precursor cells.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104, 14982-14987 (2007).</li><li>Sim, F. J., Goldman, S. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=White+matter+progenitor+cells+reside+in+an+oligodendrogenic+niche.">White matter progenitor cells reside in an oligodendrogenic niche.</a> Ernst Schering Res. Found Workshop. , 61-81 (2005).</li><li>Raff, M. C., Miller, R. H., Noble, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+glial+progenitor+cell+that+develops+in+vitro+into+an+astrocyte+or+an+oligodendrocyte+depending+on+culture+medium.">A glial progenitor cell that develops in vitro into an astrocyte or an oligodendrocyte depending on culture medium.</a> Nature. 303, 390-396 (1983).</li><li>Windrem, M. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Progenitor+cells+derived+from+the+adult+human+subcortical+white+matter+disperse+and+differentiate+as+oligodendrocytes+within+demyelinated+lesions+of+the+rat+brain.">Progenitor cells derived from the adult human subcortical white matter disperse and differentiate as oligodendrocytes within demyelinated lesions of the rat brain.</a> J. Neurosci. Res. 69, 966-975 (2002).</li><li>Chen, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+culture+of+rat+and+mouse+oligodendrocyte+precursor+cells.">Isolation and culture of rat and mouse oligodendrocyte precursor cells.</a> Nat. Protoc. 2, 1044-1051 (2007).</li><li>Armstrong, R. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+characterization+of+immature+oligodendrocyte+lineage+cells.">Isolation and characterization of immature oligodendrocyte lineage cells.</a> Methods. 16, 282-292 (1998).</li><li>Hu, B. Y., Du, Z. W., Li, X. J., Ayala, M., Zhang, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+oligodendrocytes+from+embryonic+stem+cells:+conserved+SHH+signaling+networks+and+divergent+FGF+effects.">Human oligodendrocytes from embryonic stem cells: conserved SHH signaling networks and divergent FGF effects.</a> Development. 136, 1443-1452 (2009).</li><li>Gard, A. L., Williams, W. C., Burrell, M. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oligodendroblasts+distinguished+from+O-2A+glial+progenitors+by+surface+phenotype+(O4+GalC-)+and+response+to+cytokines+using+signal+transducer+LIFR+beta.">Oligodendroblasts distinguished from O-2A glial progenitors by surface phenotype (O4+GalC-) and response to cytokines using signal transducer LIFR beta.</a> Dev. Biol. 167, 596-608 (1995).</li><li>Hu, B. Y., Du, Z. W., Zhang, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differentiation+of+human+oligodendrocytes+from+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Differentiation of human oligodendrocytes from pluripotent stem cells.</a> Nat. Protoc. 4, 1614-1622 (2009).</li><li>Reubinoff, B. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neural+progenitors+from+human+embryonic+stem+cells.">Neural progenitors from human embryonic stem cells.</a> Nat. Biotechnol. 19, 1134-1140 (2001).</li><li>Pfeiffer, S. E., Warrington, A. E., Bansal, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+oligodendrocyte+and+its+many+cellular+processes.">The oligodendrocyte and its many cellular processes.</a> Trends Cell Biol. 3, 191-197 (1993).</li><li>Zhang, S. C., Ge, B., Duncan, I. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tracing+human+oligodendroglial+development+in+vitro.">Tracing human oligodendroglial development in vitro.</a> J. Neurosci. Res. 59, 421-429 (2000).</li><li>Bradl, M., Lassmann, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oligodendrocytes:+biology+and+pathology.">Oligodendrocytes: biology and pathology.</a> Acta Neuropathol. 119, 37-53 (2010).</li><li>Chong, S. Y., Chan, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tapping+into+the+glial+reservoir:+cells+committed+to+remaining+uncommitted.">Tapping into the glial reservoir: cells committed to remaining uncommitted.</a> J. Cell Biol. 188, 305-312 (2010).</li><li>Jakovcevski, I., Filipovic, R., Mo, Z., Rakic, S., Zecevic, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oligodendrocyte+development+and+the+onset+of+myelination+in+the+human+fetal+brain.">Oligodendrocyte development and the onset of myelination in the human fetal brain.</a> Front Neuroanat. 3, 5 (2009).</li><li>Rao, R. C., Boyd, J., Padmanabhan, R., Chenoweth, J. G., McKay, R. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+serum-free+derivation+of+oligodendrocyte+precursors+from+neural+stem+cell-enriched+cultures.">Efficient serum-free derivation of oligodendrocyte precursors from neural stem cell-enriched cultures.</a> Stem Cells. 27, 116-125 (2009).</li><li>D'Intino, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Triiodothyronine+administration+ameliorates+the+demyelination/remyelination+ratio+in+a+non-human+primate+model+of+multiple+sclerosis+by+correcting+tissue+hypothyroidism.">Triiodothyronine administration ameliorates the demyelination/remyelination ratio in a non-human primate model of multiple sclerosis by correcting tissue hypothyroidism.</a> J. Neuroendocrinol. 23, 778-790 (2011).</li><li>Cui, Q. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+fetal+oligodendrocyte+progenitor+cells+from+different+gestational+stages+exhibit+substantially+different+potential+to+myelinate.">Human fetal oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from different gestational stages exhibit substantially different potential to myelinate.</a> Stem Cells Dev. , (2012).</li><li>Messam, C. A., Hou, J., Major, E. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Coexpression+of+nestin+in+neural+and+glial+cells+in+the+developing+human+CNS+defined+by+a+human-specific+anti-nestin+antibody.">Coexpression of nestin in neural and glial cells in the developing human CNS defined by a human-specific anti-nestin antibody.</a> Exp. Neurol. 161, 585-596 (2000).</li></ol>

Этот протокол описывает, как получить плода олигодендроциты из первичных человеческих нервных клеток-предшественников и характеризуют их фенотипа с использованием как проточной цитометрии и иммунофлуоресцентного окрашивания. Расширение и рост нейронных предшественников из ЦНС пл?...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Название реагента </td><td> Компания </td><td> Номер в каталоге </td><td> Конечная концентрация </td></tr><tr><td> DME / HAMS F12 1:01 </td><td> Omega ученый </td><td> DM-251 </td><td> 1X </td></tr><tr><td> Бычьего альбумина </td><td> Сигма </td><td> A9418 </td><td> 1% </td></tr><tr><td> Гентамицин </td><td> Качество биологических препаратов </td><td> 120-098-031 </td><td> 50 мкг / мл </td></tr><tr><td> L-Глютамин </td><td> Качество биологических препаратов </td><td> 118-084-061 </td><td> 2 мМ </td></tr><tr><td> T3 </td><td> Сигма </td><td> T2877 </td><td> 3 нМ </td></tr><tr><td> N2 компоненты </td><td> Gibco BRL </td><td> 17502 </td><td> 1:100 </td></tr><tr><td> NT-3 </td><td> PeproTech Inc </td><td> 450-03 </td><td> 2 нг / мл </td></tr><tr><td> Shh </td><td> R &amp; D системы </td><td> 1314-SH/CF </td><td> 2 нг / мл </td></tr><tr><td> шФРФ </td><td> PeproTech Inc </td><td> 100-18B </td><td> 20 нг / мл </td></tr><tr><td> PDGF-AA </td><td> PeproTech Inc </td><td> 100-13A </td><td> 10 нг / мл </td></tr><tr><td> PDL </td><td> Сигма </td><td> P6407 </td><td> 50 мкг / м </td></tr><tr><td> PFA </td><td> Электрон наук микроскопии </td><td> 15712 </td><td> 2% </td></tr><tr><td> Трипсин </td><td> Качество биологических препаратов </td><td> 118-087-721 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Папаин </td><td> Worthington </td><td> LK003178 </td><td> 20 Ед / мл </td></tr><tr><td> ДНКазы флаконах </td><td> Worthington </td><td> LK003172 </td><td> 0,005% </td></tr><tr><td> EBSS </td><td> Worthington </td><td> LK003188 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Продлить золото сDAPI </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> P36931 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> Таблица 1. Реагентов. </td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Первичный Abs (все на 1 мкг / мл) </td><td></td><td> Виды Изотип </td><td> Источник </td><td> Вторичный Abs </td></tr><tr><td colspan="5"> Проточной цитометрии </td></tr><tr><td> A2B5-биотин </td><td> Мышь </td><td> IgM </td><td> Подарок Дж. Нильсон </td><td> Стрептавидин Петр, Invitrogen, CA </td></tr><tr><td> O4FITC </td><td> Мышь </td><td> IgM </td><td> Подарок от Дж. Нильсон </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> A2B5 </td><td> Мышь </td><td> IgM </td><td> Millipore, MA </td><td> gαm IgM-FITC, Invitrogen, CA </td></tr><tr><td> O4 </td><td> Мышь </td><td> IgM </td><td> Millipore, MA </td><td> gαm IgM-FITC, Invitrogen, CA </td></tr><tr><td> Galc </td><td> Мышь </td><td> IgG 3 </td><td> Millipore, MA </td><td> gαm IgG 3-PE, Southern Biotech, AL </td></tr><tr><td> MBP </td><td> Курица </td><td> IgY </td><td> Millipore, MA </td><td> dαck IgY-AMCA, Джексон иммунитета., Пенсильвания </td></tr><tr><td> Nestin </td><td> Мышь </td><td> IgG 1 </td><td> Messam и соавт. 2000 28 </td><td> gαm IgG 1-PECy5, Invitrogen, CA </td></tr><tr><td> GFAP </td><td> Кролик </td><td> IgG </td><td> Millipore, MA </td><td> gαrb IgG-PE, Джексон иммунитета, PA </td></tr><tr><td> βIII тубулина </td><td> Мышь </td><td> IgG 2 </td><td> Covance, CA </td><td> gαm IgG 2-Петр, Invitrogen, CA </td></tr><tr><td colspan="6"> Иммуноцитохимическая </td></tr><tr><td> βIII тубулина (1:1,500) </td><td> Мышь </td><td> IgG 2a </td><td> Covance, CA </td><td> gαm IgG 2a-FITC, Invitrogen, CA (1:1,000) </td></tr><tr><td> GFAP (1:1,000) </td><td> Кролик </td><td> IgG </td><td> Millipore, MA </td><td> gαrb IgG-FITC, Джексон иммунитета, PA (1:500) </td></tr><tr><td> MBP (1:50) </td><td> Курица </td><td> IgY </td><td> Millipore, MA </td><td> dαck IgY-FITC, Джексон иммунитета, PA (1:100) </td></tr><tr><td> O4 (1:100) </td><td> Мышь </td><td> IgM </td><td> Millipore, MA </td><td> gαm IgM-AF546, Invitrogen, CA (1: 100) </td></tr><tr><td> Galc (1:10) </td><td> Кролик </td><td> IgG </td><td> Millipore, MA </td><td> gαm IgM-AF750, Invitrogen, CA (1:100) </td></tr></tbody></table> Таблица 2. Антитела (АТ), используемые для проточной цитометрии и иммуноцитохимия анализы антитела конъюгаты: PE, фикоэритрин, Петр, фикоэритрин Texas Red, AMCA, амино-метил-кумарин-ацетат, Cy, цианинового; FITC, изотиоцианат флуоресцеина Ig. Иммуноглобулина. . AF: Alexa Fluor; gαm: антимышиного; gαrb: козий анти-кролик; dαck: осел борьбе с курицей. </td></tr></tbody></table>

progenitor-derived oligodendrocyte culture system from human fetal brain

Differentiation of human neural progenitors into neuronal and glial cell types offers a model to study and compare molecular regulation of neural cell lineage development. In vitro expansion of neural progenitors from fetal CNS tissue has been well characterized. Despite the identification and isolation of glial progenitors from adult human sub-cortical white matter and development of various culture conditions to direct differentiation of fetal neural progenitors into myelin producing oligodendrocytes, acquiring sufficient human oligodendrocytes for in vitro experimentation remains difficult. Differentiation of galactocerebroside+ (GalC) and O4+ oligodendrocyte precursor or progenitor cells (OPC) from neural precursor cells has been reported using second trimester fetal brain. However, these cells do not proliferate in the absence of support cells including astrocytes and neurons, and are lost quickly over time in culture. The need remains for a culture system to produce cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage suitable for in vitro experimentation.
Culture of primary human oligodendrocytes could, for example, be a useful model to study the pathogenesis of neurotropic infectious agents like the human polyomavirus, JCV, that in vivo infects those cells. These cultured cells could also provide models of other demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Primary, human fetal brain-derived, multipotential neural progenitor cells proliferate in vitro while maintaining the capacity to differentiate into neurons (progenitor-derived neurons, PDN) and astrocytes (progenitor-derived astrocytes, PDA) This study shows that neural progenitors can be induced to differentiate through many of the stages of oligodendrocytic lineage development (progenitor-derived oligodendrocytes, PDO). We culture neural progenitor cells in DMEM-F12 serum-free media supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF-AA), Sonic hedgehog (Shh), neurotrophic factor 3 (NT-3), N-2 and triiodothyronine (T3). The cultured cells are passaged at 2.5e6 cells per 75cm flasks approximately every seven days. Using these conditions, the majority of the cells in culture maintain a morphology characterized by few processes and express markers of pre-oligodendrocyte cells, such as A2B5 and O-4. When we remove the four growth factors (GF) (bFGF, PDGF-AA, Shh, NT-3) and add conditioned media from PDN, the cells start to acquire more processes and express markers specific of oligodendrocyte differentiation, such as GalC and myelin basic protein (MBP). We performed phenotypic characterization using multicolor flow cytometry to identify unique markers of oligodendrocyte.

Это очень важно начать процесс дифференциации от 70% -80% вырожденная нейронных культуре клеток-предшественников (рис. 1А). Многие клетки будут вымирать после замены культуральной среды от предшественников в среде олиго так как он включает в себя конкретные факторы роста. Это ука...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Progenitor-derived Oligodendrocyte Culture System from Human Fetal Brain at JoVE.com

Progenitor-derived Oligodendrocyte Culture System from Human Fetal Brain

Первичные, человеческий мозг плода полученных, мультипотентных клеток-предшественников размножаться<em&gt; В пробирке</em&gt;, Сохраняя при этом способность дифференцироваться в нейроны и астроциты. Эта работа показывает, что нейронная предшественников можно индуцировать дифференцировку через этапы oligodendrocytic линии на кондиционирование с некоторыми факторами роста.

Прародитель полученные из олигодендроцитов системе культуры человека от мозга плода

Differentiation of human neural progenitors into neuronal and glial cell types offers a model to study and compare molecular regulation of neural cell ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Generation of Neural Stem Cells from Discarded Human Fetal Cortical Tissue

Генерация нервные стволовые клетки из эмбриона человека Выкинуть корковой ткани

Neural stem cells (NSCs) reside along the ventricular zone neuroepithelium during the development of the cortical plate. These early progenitors ...

Derivation of Enriched Oligodendrocyte Cultures and Oligodendrocyte/Neuron Myelinating Co-cultures from Post-natal Murine Tissues

Вывод Обогащенный олигодендроцитов культур и олигодендроцитов / Нейрон Myelinating сотрудничества культур от Послеродовые мышей тканей

Identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying OL development is not only critical to furthering our knowledge of OL biology, but also has implications ...

Isolation and Culture of Endothelial Cells from the Embryonic Forebrain

Выделение и культуры эндотелиальных клеток из эмбриональных переднего мозга

Embryonic brain endothelial cells can serve as an important tool in the study of angiogenesis and neurovascular development and interactions. The two ...

A cGMP-applicable Expansion Method for Aggregates of Human Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells Derived From Pluripotent Stem Cells or Fetal Brain Tissue

ЦГМФ-применимо Метод расширения для агрегатов человека нервных стволовых и предшественники клеток, полученных из плюрипотентных стволовых клеток или плода ткани головного мозга

A cell expansion technique to amass large numbers of cells from a single specimen for research experiments and clinical trials would greatly benefit the ...

Live Imaging of Primary Cerebral Cortex Cells Using a 2D Culture System

Живой изображений клеток первичной коры головного мозга, с использованием системы 2D культуры

During cerebral cortex development, progenitor cells undergo several rounds of symmetric and asymmetric cell divisions to generate new progenitors or ...

Simple Generation of a High Yield Culture of Induced Neurons from Human Adult Skin Fibroblasts

Простая генерация высокой урожайности культуры искусственных нейронов из фибробластов кожи взрослого человека

Induced neurons (iNs), the product of somatic cells directly converted to neurons, are a way to obtain patient-derived neurons from tissue that is easily ...

Isolation of Cerebral Capillaries from Fresh Human Brain Tissue

Изоляция мозгового капилляров из ткани свежий человеческого мозга

Understanding blood-brain barrier function under physiological and pathophysiological conditions is critical for the development of new therapeutic ...

Migration, Chemo-Attraction, and Co-Culture Assays for Human Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Cells and GABAergic Neurons

Миграция, химиотерапия, и совместно-культурные анализы для стволовых клеток человека, полученных эндотелиальных клеток и ГАМК нейронов

Role of brain vasculature in nervous system development and etiology of brain disorders is increasingly gaining attention. Our recent studies have ...

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Измерение и манипулирование функционально специфическими нейронными путями в моторной системе человека с транскраниальной магнитной стимуляцией

Understanding interactions between brain areas is important for the study of goal-directed behavior. Functional neuroimaging of brain connectivity has ...

Generation of Oligodendrocytes and Oligodendrocyte-Conditioned Medium for Co-Culture Experiments

Поколение олигодендроцитов и олигодендроцитов-кондиционированных средних для совместно-культурных экспериментов

In the central nervous system, oligodendrocytes are well-known for their role in axon myelination, that accelerates the propagation of action potentials ...