Name: development of whispering gallery mode polymeric micro-optical electric field sensors
Uploaded: 2013-01-29T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors at JoVE.com

这项研究是由美国国防部高级研究计划局赞助的中心在集成光子学J.斯科特·罗杰斯博士担任项目经理，工程技术研究计划（密码）。本报告中提供的信息并不一定反映的位置，或应推断，美国政府的政策并没有官方的认可。

1。 PDMS微球的制备（球我） <ol><li>聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）的基料和固化剂混合，用体积比为60:1。 </li><li>石英光纤，长2厘米左右的一缕，第一次剥离的塑料包层，使用光学脱衣舞。 </li><li>一个端部的纤维被加热和拉伸，提供一种是〜25-50微米的尖端处的直径的杆端。 </li><li>的拉伸的纤维被一端浸入的PDMS混合物由约2-4毫米的长度，然后被拉出。 </li><li>的PDMS混合物的表面张力和重允许的二氧化?...

<ol>
	<li>von Klitzing, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tunable+whispering+gallery+modes+for+spectroscopy+and+CQED+experiments.">Tunable whispering gallery modes for spectroscopy and CQED experiments.</a> New journal of physics. 3, 14.1-14.14 (2001).</li><li>Cai, M., Painter, O., Vahala, K. J., Sercel, P. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fiber-coupled+microsphere+laser.">Fiber-coupled microsphere laser.</a> Optics letters. 25 (19), 1430-1432 (2000).</li><li>Tapalian, H. C., Laine, J. P., Lane, P. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Thermooptical+switches+using+coated+microsphere+resonators.">Thermooptical switches using coated microsphere resonators.</a> IEEE photonics technology letters. 14 (8), 1118-1120 (2002).</li><li>Little, B. E., Chu, S. T., Haus, H. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microring+resonator+channel+dropping+filters.">Microring resonator channel dropping filters.</a> Journal of lightwave technology. 15, 998-1000 (1997).</li><li>Offrein, B. J., Germann, R., Horst, F., Salemink, H. W. M., Beyerl, R., Bona, G. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Resonant+coupler-based+tunable+add-after-drop+filter+in+silicon-oxynitride+technology+for+WDM+networks.">Resonant coupler-based tunable add-after-drop filter in silicon-oxynitride technology for WDM networks.</a> IEEE journal of selected topics in quantum electronics. 5, 1400-1406 (1999).</li><li>Ilchenko, V. S., Volikov, P. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Strain+tunable+high-Q+optical+microsphere+resonator.">Strain tunable high-Q optical microsphere resonator.</a> Optics communications. 145, 86-90 (1998).</li><li>Arnold, S., Khoshsima, M., Teraoka, I., Holler, S., Vollmer, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Shift+of+whispering-gallery+modes+in+microspheres+by+protein+adsorption.">Shift of whispering-gallery modes in microspheres by protein adsorption.</a> Optics. 28 (4), 272-274 (2003).</li><li>Rosenberger, A. T., Rezac, J. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Whispering-gallery+mode+evanescent-wave+microsensor+for+trace-gas+detection.">Whispering-gallery mode evanescent-wave microsensor for trace-gas detection.</a> Proceedings of SPIE. 4265, 102-112 (2001).</li><li>Ioppolo, T., Das, N., &#214;t&#252;gen, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Whispering+gallery+modes+of+microspheres+in+the+presence+of+a+changing+surrounding+medium:+A+new+ray-tracing+analysis+and+sensor+experiment.">Whispering gallery modes of microspheres in the presence of a changing surrounding medium: A new ray-tracing analysis and sensor experiment.</a> Journal of applied physics. 107, 103105 (2010).</li><li>Ioppolo, T., Ayaz, U. K., &#214;t&#252;gen, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High-resolution+force+sensor+based+on+morphology+dependent+optical+resonances+of+polymeric+spheres.">High-resolution force sensor based on morphology dependent optical resonances of polymeric spheres.</a> Journal of applied physics. 105 (1), 013535 (2009).</li><li>Ioppolo, T., Kozhevnikov, M., Stepaniuk, V., &#214;t&#252;gen, M. V., Sheverev, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Micro-optical+force+sensor+concept+based+on+whispering+gallery+mode+resonances.">Micro-optical force sensor concept based on whispering gallery mode resonances.</a> Applied optics. 47 (16), 3009-3014 (2008).</li><li>Ioppolo, T., &#214;t&#252;gen, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pressure+tuning+of+whispering+gallery+mode+resonators.">Pressure tuning of whispering gallery mode resonators.</a> Journal of optical society of America B. 24 (10), 2721-2726 (2007).</li><li>Ioppolo, T., &#214;t&#252;gen, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+acceleration+on+the+morphology+dependent+optical+resonances+of+spherical+resonators.">Effect of acceleration on the morphology dependent optical resonances of spherical resonators.</a> Journal of optical society of America B. 28, 225-227 (2011).</li><li>Ayaz, U. K., Ioppolo, T., &#214;t&#252;gen, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Wall+shear+stress+sensor+based+on+the+optical+resonances+of+dielectric+microspheres.">Wall shear stress sensor based on the optical resonances of dielectric microspheres.</a> Measurement science and technology. 22, 075203 (2011).</li><li>Ioppolo, T., Ayaz, U. K., &#214;t&#252;gen, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tuning+of+whispering+gallery+modes+of+spherical+resonators+using+an+external+electric+field.">Tuning of whispering gallery modes of spherical resonators using an external electric field.</a> Optics express. 17 (19), 16465-16479 (2009).</li><li>Ioppolo, T., Stubblefield, J., &#214;t&#252;gen, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electric+field-induced+deformation+of+polydimethylsiloxane+polymers.">Electric field-induced deformation of polydimethylsiloxane polymers.</a> Journal of applied physics. 112, 044906 (2012).</li><li>Manzo, M., Ioppolo, T., Ayaz, U. K., LaPenna, V., &#214;t&#252;gen, M. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+photonic+wall+pressure+sensor+for+fluid+mechanics+applications.">A photonic wall pressure sensor for fluid mechanics applications.</a> Review of scientific instrumentation. 83, 105003 (2012).</li></ol>

球体初始极化电极通过连接到一个DC高电压电源。极化持续时间结束时，从直流电压电源断开连接的电极引线和连接到一个函数发生器，如在图4中表示。在图5至图8示出了正和负的电场（相对方向极化）导致球体的伸长和压缩，分别给出的结果。球体I，这是一个单一的层60:1 PDMS具有灵敏度1.7分/（千伏/米）的电场。显着改善的灵敏度得到通过使用多层领域。?...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td></td><td> 公司 </td><td> 目录编号 </td><td> 评论（可选） </td></tr><tr><td> PDMS </td><td>道康宁</td><td> SYLGARD 184 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>石英光纤</td><td>光纤仪器销售</td><td> E-37AP15-FIS </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>纳米钛酸钡（ 钛酸钡） </td><td> Sigma Aldrich公司</td><td> 467634-100G </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>激光控制器</td><td> ILX的</td><td> LDC-3724B </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> DFB激光器</td><td>杰尔</td><td>杰尔系统2300 </td><td>中心波长1.310微米</td></tr><tr><td>光电二极管</td><td> Thorlabs公司</td><td> PDA10CS </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> A / D卡</td><td>美国国家仪器公司</td><td> PXI 6115 </td><td></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

development of whispering gallery mode polymeric micro-optical electric field sensors

已收到显着的电介体的微腔的光学模式的关注，近年来其潜在的在广泛的应用范围。的光学模式经常被称为“窃窃私语画廊模式”（WGM），或“形态依赖共振”（MDR）的，并表现出高的光学质量因素。微腔的光学谐振器的一些建议应用在光谱学，微腔激光器技术，光通信3-6以及传感器技术。在WGM基于传感器应用，包括那些在生物学7，痕量气体检测8，和在液体中的杂质检测9。也有人提出了基于微谐振器的机械传感器，包括力10，11，12，加速13压力和壁面切应力14。在目前，我们展示了一个WGM-电场传感器，它建立我们以前STUDI上ES 15,16。该传感器中的应用的候选中的神经动作电位的检测。 电场传感器是基于聚合物多层介电性微球上。外部电场诱导导致弹性变形的球体（电致伸缩效应）的表面和身体势力。形态的球体中的这种变化，导致在WGM转变。电场诱导WGM位移审问激励球体通过激光光的光学模式。光从分布反馈（DFB）激光（标称波长为〜1.3μm）是侧耦合到微球使用的锥形的第一个单模光纤。球体的基体材料是聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）。三个微球几何形状的使用：（1）PDMS球面与基站至固化剂混合物的体积比为60:1，（2）与60:1的PDMS核心多层球体，在为了提高介电常数的第Ê球体为60:1 PDMS，一个中间层是混合不同量（2％至10％（体积）），钛酸钡和外层为60:1 PDMS和（3）涂覆有一层薄薄的固体二氧化硅球体未固化的PDMS基地。在每一种类型的传感器，激光从锥形光纤的光耦合到提供高光学品质因数WGM（Q〜10 6）的最外层。这种微球体极化几个小时在〜1 MV /米的电场的电场，以提高其敏感性。

被激发的激光的波长的整数倍时的激光行进的光的光路长度是一种光模式（WGM）球体。对于在图3中所示的布置中，光路长度是2πrn，其中 n 和 r分别是球体的折射率和半径。使用几何光学近似，一个WGM条件被满足时，2πrn=Lλ其中升是一个整数，λ是激光的波长。由于DFB激光被调谐横跨一个小的波长范围内，在介电球的光学模式（WGM）被看到那样?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors at JoVE.com

Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors

光子微传感器的高灵敏度的开发用于电场检测。该传感器利用介质球的光学模式。在外部电场扰动球体形态，导致在其光学模式的变化的变化。的电场强度的测定通过监测这些光的变化。

回音壁模式聚合物微光学电场传感器的发展

Optical modes of dielectric micro-cavities have received significant attention in recent years for their potential in a broad range of applications. The ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

基于微波光子系统回音壁模式谐振器

Microwave photonics systems rely fundamentally on the interaction between microwave and optical signals. These systems are extremely promising for various ...

科研

工程学

Real-Time DC-dynamic Biasing Method for Switching Time Improvement in Severely Underdamped Fringing-field Electrostatic MEMS Actuators

实时直流偏置的动态法切换时间改善严重欠阻尼边缘化场静电MEMS致动器

Mechanically underdamped electrostatic fringing-field MEMS actuators are well known for their fast switching operation in response to a unit step input ...

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

各向异性泄漏模式调制器用于Holovideo的表征

Holovideo displays are based on light-bending spatial light modulators.  One such spatial light modulator is the anisotropic leaky mode modulator.  This ...

Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators

刺激斯托克斯和反斯托克斯拉曼散射在微球形回音壁模式谐振器

Dielectric microspheres can confine light and sound for a length of time through high quality factor whispering gallery modes (WGM). Glass microspheres ...

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

对于高分辨率温度场测绘光纤分布式传感器

The reliability of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes is checked by comparing simulations with experimental data. A typical data set consists ...

Nanostructured Ag-zeolite Composites as Luminescence-based Humidity Sensors

纳米银沸石复合材料作为基于发光的湿度传感器

Small silver clusters confined inside zeolite matrices have recently emerged as a novel type of highly luminescent materials. Their emission has high ...

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

用电解质浇注法对 WS2纳米器件电子态的电场控制

A method of carrier number control by electrolyte gating is demonstrated. We have obtained WS2 thin flakes with atomically flat surface via scotch tape ...

Ultrasonic Fatigue Testing in the Tension-Compression Mode

拉伸压缩模式下的超声疲劳试验

Ultrasonic fatigue testing is one of a few methods which allow investigating fatigue properties in the ultra-high cycle region. The method is based on ...

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7ÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬Â 'ÃƒÆ’Ã…Â½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â´/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 STO Single-crystal Substrates

Gdba2cu 3 o7 的射频磁控管散射-/la0.67sr 0.67 mno 3 准双层薄膜上的 srtio 3 (sto) 单晶基板上

Here, we demonstrate a method of coating ferromagnetic La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) nanoparticles on (001) SrTiO3 (STO) single-crystal substrates by radio ...

Hybrid Printing for the Fabrication of Smart Sensors

用于智能传感器制造的混合打印

A method to combine additively manufactured substrates or foils and multilayer inkjet printing for the fabrication of sensor devices is presented. First, ...