Name: transplantation of tail skin to study allogeneic cd4 t cell responses in mice
Uploaded: 2014-07-25T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Transplantation of Tail Skin to Study Allogeneic CD4 T Cell Responses in Mice at JoVE.com

This work was supported by SNF grants PPOOA-_119204 and PPOOP3_144918 to S.W.R. We thank E. Palmer and B.T.H. Hausmann for mice and technical expertise.

In questa pubblicazione video e protocollo, sono state condotte tutte le procedure sugli animali conformemente al protocollo animali approvato dall&#39;Autorità cantonale di Basilea-Città, Svizzera. Eseguire tutte le procedure in condizioni sterili, ove possibile. 1. Preparazione di Chirurgia <ol><li> Sterilizzare in autoclave tutti gli strumenti chirurgici e garza prima dell&#39;uso. </li><li> Riscaldare il pad calda e organizzare strumenti chirurgici sulla tabella (tabella dei ...

<ol>
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Trapianto di pelle è un metodo ampiamente usato per studiare rifiuto e tolleranza dipende cellule T. Poiché il modello di trapianto di pelle è stato istituito, sono stati applicati diversi adattamenti e modifiche. Nella procedura descritta, IA BM12 trapianto coda-pelle viene eseguita utilizzando il gas anestetico (isofluorane). L&#39;uso di anestesia gas diminuisce il tempo di esecuzione e topi di recupero, che diminuisce lo stress sui topi trapiantati. La procedura impiega tessuto adesivo per fissare la c...

Il trapianto di organi solidi come la pelle, cuore e reni è ormai una procedura standard nella pratica medica in tutto il mondo 1. Organi trapiantati con successo possono essere rifiutati dalla attivazione del sistema immunitario ricevente, che riconosce i principali antigeni di istocompatibilità del donatore. Pertanto, i pazienti trapiantati necessitano di un trattamento con farmaci immunosoppressori 2. Il trapianto allogenico pelle nei topi è stata fondata da Medawar e colleghi nel 1955 ed è stato utile per identificare le molecole mirate successivamente descritto come complesso maggiore di istocompatibilità (MHC) di classe I e II. Da allora, il modello di trapianto di pelle è stato costantemente modificato e adattato per studiare il ruolo di sottoinsiemi di cellule T e la rilevanza di prodotti chimici e di intervento biologico nel sopprimere rigetto 2-4. Pelle dall&#39;orecchio e il tronco sono più difficili da preparare e sono più suscettibili di ipossia e necrosi di coda pelle 5; tuttavia,la procedura di trapianto è simile. Inoltre il monitoraggio dei trapianti coda-pelle è facile a causa della caratteristica struttura dei capelli della pelle. Questo articolo fornisce una procedura dettagliata per MHC di classe II trapianto coda della pelle disadattamento che permette lo studio dei diversi aspetti del CD4 + T cellulo-mediata rigetto e la tolleranza nei topi. La mutazione naturale tre punti nella molecola MHC di classe II IA b (chiamato IA BM12) 6-9 è sufficiente per indurre il rigetto di alloinnesti cutanee in topi C57BL / 6 8. Il BM12 molecola IA attiva le cellule T CD4 + con vari recettore delle cellule T αβ-(TCR) catene da C57BL / 6 topi, tra cui cellule T Vα2Vβ8-TcR-specifici sono stati identificati al fine di generare un topo transgenico TcR-10. Il trasferimento adottivo di cellule Vα2Vβ8-TcR specifiche T è stato utilizzato per creare un modello di rigetto nei C57B immunodeficientiL / 6 Rag2 - / - topi trapiantati con la pelle IA BM12. Differenze genetiche tra donatore e ricevente impatto l&#39;esito di trapianto di accettazione e di rifiuto. Ci sono diversi tipi di trapianti: autologhi sono trapianti dal singolo destinatario stesso; syngrafts e allotrapianti sono trapianti da individui geneticamente identici e geneticamente imparentati, rispettivamente. L&#39;accettazione di diversi trapianti di organi allogenici è stata dimostrata dagli interventi chimici e biologici nei pazienti e nei modelli murini 11,3,4. In un approccio di base, anti-CD3 anticorpo trattati C57BL / 6 topi hanno mostrato una sopravvivenza prolungata di IA BM12 tail-pelle (dati non pubblicati). L&#39;esaurimento delle CD4 + e CD8 + T cellule prima del trapianto in topi riceventi provocato l&#39;accettazione delle MHC di classe I e II innesti non corrispondenti (Rev. in 12). È interessante notare che il rigetto di innesti di pelle dipende dalla presenza di CD4 + </sup&gt; Cellule T (Rev. in 12). In questo modello, il targeting interazioni specifiche tra le diverse cellule immunitarie, bloccando le molecole di costimolazione con anticorpi o soppressione di cellule T regolatorie potrebbe indurre tolleranza (dati non pubblicati). Infatti, il blocco sia CD40 e CD28 ha portato a lungo termine di tolleranza allogenico pelle 13,14. Trapianto Tail-pelle è facile da eseguire e facile da controllare rispetto al trapianto di altri organi. Inoltre, trapianti coda-pelle sono facili da preparare e sono meno sensibili a ischemia di altri tessuti cutanei. In contrasto con anestetici iniettati, l&#39;uso di gas anestetico (isofluorano) durante il trapianto accorcia sia la procedura e tempi di recupero destinatario. Arricciamenti del trapianto coda-pelle, che può portare alla guarigione della ferita incompleta e rigetto del trapianto, è impedita dalla applicazione di adesivo tissutale. Inoltre, il modello di trapianto di coda-pelle IA BM12 attiva esclusivamente CD4 <sup&gt; + Cellule T sia immunocompetenti e topi immunodeficienti (dello stesso background genetico) facilitare l&#39;interpretazione dei risultati. Questo protocollo descrive un modello di topo affidabile, riproducibile e facilmente controllato che permette intervento chimico e biologico. Il modello è stato progettato per indagare il rifiuto e la tolleranza induzione di trapianti di coda della pelle.

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:299px;">Surgical Blade No.20</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Swann-Morton LTD</td>
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			<td>Carbon Steel</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Syringe, 1ml</td>
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			<td>disposable</td>
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			<td style="width:183px;">Solis</td>
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			<td>Type 223</td>
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transplantation of tail skin to study allogeneic cd4 t cell responses in mice

The study of T cell responses and their consequences during allo-antigen recognition requires a model that enables one to distinguish between donor and host T cells, to easily monitor the graft, and to adapt the system in order to answer different immunological questions. Medawar and colleagues established allogeneic tail-skin transplantation in mice in 1955. Since then, the skin transplantation model has been continuously modified and adapted to answer specific questions. The use of tail-skin renders this model easy to score for graft rejection, requires neither extensive preparation nor deep anesthesia, is applicable to animals of all genetic background, discourages ischemic necrosis, and permits chemical and biological intervention. 
In general, both CD4+ and CD8+ allogeneic T cells are responsible for the rejection of allografts since they recognize mismatched major histocompatibility antigens from different mouse strains. Several models have been described for activating allogeneic T cells in skin-transplanted mice. The identification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules in different mouse strains including C57BL/6 mice was an important step toward understanding and studying T cell-mediated alloresponses. In the tail-skin transplantation model described here, a three-point mutation (I-Abm12) in the antigen-presenting groove of the MHC-class II (I-Ab) molecule is sufficient to induce strong allogeneic CD4+ T cell activation in C57BL/6 mice. Skin grafts from I-Abm12 mice on C57BL/6 mice are rejected within 12-15 days, while syngeneic grafts are accepted for up to 100 days. The absence of T cells (CD3-/- and Rag2-/- mice) allows skin graft acceptance up to 100 days, which can be overcome by transferring 2 x 104 wild type or transgenic T cells. Adoptively transferred T cells proliferate and produce IFN-&#947; in I-Abm12-transplanted Rag2-/- mice.

In un primo approccio C57BL / 6 topi sono stati trapiantati con IA allotrapianti BM12 e IA b syngrafts. Dopo la rimozione della fasciatura, innesti segni manifesti di guarigione della ferita senza chiusura della zona di contatto in topi C57BL / 6 (Figura 1A). Dopo la rimozione della fasciatura, CD4 + T infiammazione cellulo-mediata portato alla comparsa di zone necrotiche (macchie rosse) e rigetto di alloinnesti IA BM12 in C57BL / 6 topi entro 13 giorni dopo i...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Transplantation of Tail Skin to Study Allogeneic CD4 T Cell Responses in Mice at JoVE.com

Transplantation of Tail Skin to Study Allogeneic CD4 T Cell Responses in Mice

Tail-skin transplantation is a powerful model for studying T cell-dependent rejection and tolerance induction during allogeneic immune responses in mice. The advantages of this protocol are minor invasive surgery, and ease of monitoring with no need to sacrifice the recipient mouse.

Il trapianto di coda della pelle per studiare allogenico di cellule T CD4 risposte in topi

The study of T cell responses and their consequences during allo-antigen recognition requires a model that enables one to distinguish between donor and ...

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Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Generazione di Multivirus-cellule T specifiche per prevenire / curare infezioni virali dopo trapianto allogenico di cellule staminali ematopoietiche

Viral infections cause morbidity and mortality in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. We and others have successfully ...

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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Na&iuml;ve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Na&#239;ve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Isolamento e differenziazione di Th17 Naïve linfociti T CD4

Th17 cells are a distinct subset of T cells that have been found to produce interleukin 17 (IL-17), and differ in function from the other T cell subsets ...

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice

Induzione di Murine infiammazione intestinale per trasferimento adottivo di Effector CD4<sup&gt; +</sup&gt; CD45RB<sup&gt; Alto</sup&gt; T Cells in topi immunodeficienti

There are many different animal models available for studying the pathogenesis of human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), each with its own advantages ...

Mouse Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Mouse Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Mouse Naïve CD4<sup&gt; +</sup&gt; Isolamento T cellulare e<em&gt; In vitro</em&gt; Differenziazione in T sottopopolazioni cellulari

Antigen inexperienced (na&#239;ve) CD4+ T cells undergo expansion and differentiation to effector subsets at the time of T cell receptor (TCR) recognition ...

Imaging CD4 T Cell Interstitial Migration in the Inflamed Dermis

Imaging CD4 T cellule interstiziali migrazione nel derma infiammate

The ability of CD4 T cells to carry out effector functions is dependent upon the rapid and efficient migration of these cells in inflamed peripheral ...

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

In Vitro e In Vivo valutazione della attività soppressiva T, B e cellule mieloidi e risposte umorali dai destinatari del trapianto

The main concern in transplantation is to achieve specific tolerance through induction of regulatory cells. The understanding of tolerance mechanisms ...

A Suction Blister Protocol to Study Human T-cell Recall Responses In Vivo

A Suction Blister Protocol to Study Human T-cell Recall Responses In Vivo

Un protocollo di aspirazione Blister per studiare T-cellula umana richiamo Responses In Vivo

Cutaneous antigen-recall models allow for studies of human memory responses in vivo. When combined with skin suction blister (SB) induction, this model ...

Evaluation of Zika Virus-specific T-cell Responses in Immunoprivileged Organs of Infected Ifnar1-/- Mice

Evaluation of Zika Virus-specific T-cell Responses in Immunoprivileged Organs of Infected Ifnar1-/- Mice

Valutazione delle risposte a cellula T Zika Virus-specifici in organi di nuova di Ifnar1 infetti- / - Mice

The Zika virus (ZIKV) can induce inflammation in immunoprivileged organs (e.g., the brain and testis), leading to the Guillain-Barr&#233; syndrome and ...