Name: in vitro pancreas organogenesis from dispersed mouse embryonic progenitors
Uploaded: 2014-07-19T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vitro Pancreas Organogenesis from Dispersed Mouse Embryonic Progenitors at JoVE.com

Dette arbeidet ble finansiert sekvensielt av en NCCR Frontiers in Genetics pilot award, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Grant 41-2009-775 og Grant 12-126875 fra Det Frie Forskningsråd / sundhed og Sygdom. Forfatterne takker Spagnoli lab for hosting videoopptak.

Denne protokollen tar sikte på å vokse bukspyttkjertelen organoids avledet fra murine E10.5 dissociated epiteliale bukspyttkjertelen celler. Protokollen krever etisk godkjenning for dyreforsøk. En. Disseksjon av Dorsal Bukspyttkjertel Bud fra E10.5 mus embryoer <ol><li> Ofre for tidsbasert gravide mus på embryonale dag (E) 10,5, åpne magen med en saks, fjern de to livmor horn og legg dem i en 10 cm petriskål fylt med kaldt fosfatbuffer saltvann (PBS) elle...

<ol>
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Storskalaproduksjon av funksjonelle beta-celler in vitro er fortsatt ineffektiv 1.. I denne utfordrende sammenheng, kan utviklingsbiologi studier hjelpe å tyde den eksakte signaler som kreves for differensiering av funksjonelle betaceller. Denne protokollen tillater opprettholdelse, vekst og differensiering av embryoniske stamceller pankreas in vitro. Dette inkluderer dannelsen av insulin-produserende beta celler som ikke co-express andre endokrine hormoner, har høye nivåer av Pdx1, uttry...

Organ kultur gir en nyttig modell som bygger bro over gapet mellom det komplekse, men svært relevant in vivo undersøkelser og praktisk, men omtrentlig simulering av cellelinje modeller. I tilfelle av bukspyttkjertelen, er det ingen cellelinje helt ekvivalent med bukspyttkjertel progenitorer, selv om det er transformert cellelinjer som simulerer endokrine og eksokrine celler. Den voksne hele bukspyttkjertelen kan ikke dyrkes; isolerte endokrine holmer kan opprettholdes for noen uker uten celleproliferasjon og vev skiver kan holdes in vitro for noen timer fem. Embryonisk pancreas kultur har vært mye brukt, ikke bare for å studere dens utvikling, men også å undersøke epitel-mesenchymale interaksjoner 4,6,7, til bilde prosesserer 8 eller for kjemisk å påvirke dem 9. To orgel kultur metoder er i hovedsak brukt: den første består i dyrking bukspyttkjertelen knopper på fibronectin belagte plater 2, som er betjenesnient for bildebehandling formål; det andre alternativet er å kultur organene på filtre på luft-væske-grensesnittet 3,4 som beste bevarer morphogenesis. Selv om svært nyttig, er disse fremgangsmåter fører til en viss grad av utflating; ekspansjon av progenitorer er svært begrenset i forhold til den normale utviklingen og det anvendte utgangs populasjonen er kompleks som omfatter alle typer av pankreatiske celler og mesenkymale celler. Evnen til kultur og utvide spredte primære celler er verdifullt å studere avstamning relasjoner og avdekke de iboende egenskapene til isolerte celletyper 10. Sugiyama et al 11. Kunne opprettholde bukspyttkjertelen stamfedre og endokrine stamfedre som beholdt noen funksjonelle tegn for 3-5 dager i kultur på næringslag. Pancreatospheres, beslektet med neurospheres 12 og mammospheres 13, har blitt utvidet fra voksne holmer og duktale celler selv om arten av forfedrene / stamcellersom genererer disse sfærene er ikke klart. I tillegg, i motsetning til fysiologisk utvikling, de pancreatospheres inneholdt noen nevroner 14,15. Spheres ble også nylig produsert fra embryonale bukspyttkjertel progenitors 16,17 og regenererende pankreata 18 med god stamfar ekspansjon og påfølgende differensiering, men ikke klarte å rekapitulere morphogenesis. 3D modeller fra spredte og ofte definerte celler som selv-organiserer i miniatyriserte organer nylig har blomstret og simulere utvikling eller voksen omsetning av flere organer som tarmen 19,20, magen 21, leveren 22, prostata 23 og trakea 24. I noen tilfeller er utviklingsmessig morfogenese og differensiering blitt rekapitulert i 3D fra ES-celler, som er tilfellet med optiske kopper 25, tarm 26 eller hjerne 27.. Her, vi desCribe en metode for å utvide dissosiert multipotent bukspyttkjertelen stamfedre i en 3D Matrigel stillas der de kan differensiere og selv organisere.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin-Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>15070-063</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KnockOut Serum replacement (supplement)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>10828-028</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2-mercaptoethanol</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>3148-25ML</td>
			<td>Stock keept at 4&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phorbol Myristate Acetate (PMA)</td>
			<td>Calbiotech</td>
			<td>524400-1MG</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Y-27632 (ROCK inhibitor)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>ab120129</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C- Attention! Stability/source is a frequent source of problems</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EGF</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>E9644-2MG</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -80&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recombinant Human R-spondin 1</td>
			<td>R&#38;D</td>
			<td>4645-RS-025/CF</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -80&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&#160;- or -&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recombinant Mouse R-spondin 1</td>
			<td>R&#38;D</td>
			<td>3474-RS-050</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -80&#176;C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recombinant Human FGF1 (aFGF)</td>
			<td>R&#38;D</td>
			<td>232-FA-025</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -80&#176;C- do not include to increase beta cell production</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heparin (Liquemin)</td>
			<td>Drossapharm</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Stock keept at 4&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recombinant Human FGF10</td>
			<td>R&#38;D</td>
			<td>345-FG-025</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -80&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM/F-12</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>21331-020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin-Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>15070-063</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>B27 x50 (supplement)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>17504-044</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recombinant Human FGF2 (bFGF)</td>
			<td>R&#38;D</td>
			<td>233-FB-025</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -80&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Y-27632 (ROCK inhibitor)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>ab120129</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C- Attention! Stability/source is a frequent source of problems</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM/F-12</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>21331-020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Matrigel</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>356231</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin 0.05%</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>25300-054</td>
			<td>Stock keept at 4&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RNAlater - RNA stabilizing reagent</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>76104</td>
			<td>Store at room temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dispase&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>D4818-2MG</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BSA for reconstitution</td>
			<td>Milipore</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.millipore.com/catalogue/item/81-068-3">81-068</a></td>
			<td>For reconstituition of cytokines&#160; - Stock keept at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal calf serum (FCS)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>16141079</td>
			<td>Stock keept at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>60 well MicroWell trays</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>M0815-100EA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-well plates</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>176740</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>95-well plates F bottom</td>
			<td>Greiner Bio</td>
			<td>6555180</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glas bottom plates</td>
			<td>Ibidi</td>
			<td>81158</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Disposal micropittes</td>
			<td>Blaubrand</td>
			<td>708745</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

in vitro pancreas organogenesis from dispersed mouse embryonic progenitors

The pancreas is an essential organ that regulates glucose homeostasis and secretes digestive enzymes. Research on pancreas embryogenesis has led to the development of protocols to produce pancreatic cells from stem cells 1. The whole embryonic organ can be cultured at multiple stages of development 2-4. These culture methods have been useful to test drugs and to image developmental processes. However the expansion of the organ is very limited and morphogenesis is not faithfully recapitulated since the organ flattens. 
We propose three-dimensional (3D) culture conditions that enable the efficient expansion of dissociated mouse embryonic pancreatic progenitors. By manipulating the composition of the culture medium it is possible to generate either hollow spheres, mainly composed of pancreatic progenitors expanding in their initial state, or, complex organoids which progress to more mature expanding progenitors and differentiate into endocrine, acinar and ductal cells and which spontaneously self-organize to resemble the embryonic pancreas. 
We show here that the in vitro process recapitulates many aspects of natural pancreas development. This culture system is suitable to investigate how cells cooperate to form an organ by reducing its initial complexity to few progenitors. It is a model that reproduces the 3D architecture of the pancreas and that is therefore useful to study morphogenesis, including polarization of epithelial structures and branching. It is also appropriate to assess the response to mechanical cues of the niche such as stiffness and the effects on cell&#180;s tensegrity.

E10.5 rygg bukspyttkjertelen stamfedre dissosiert og seeded i 3D Matrigel rekapitulere bukspyttkjertelen utvikling. Stamfedre kan lettest fulgt med fluorescerende reportere. I vårt tilfelle brukte vi en transgen mus som uttrykker en kjernefysisk GFP protein kontrollert av Pdx1 promoter (Pdx1-Ngn3-ER TM-nGFP) (Movie 1) i fravær av tamoxifen og dermed uten å aktivere Neurog3 4 (Figur 2). Med organoid medium, forekommer en innledende k...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vitro Pancreas Organogenesis from Dispersed Mouse Embryonic Progenitors at JoVE.com

In Vitro Pancreas Organogenesis from Dispersed Mouse Embryonic Progenitors

Den tredimensjonale kulturmetode er beskrevet i denne protokollen sammenfatter pancreas utviklingen fra dispergert embryonale muse bukspyttkjertel progenitorer, inkludert et vesentlig ekspansjon, differensiering og morfogenese i en forgrenet organ. Denne metoden er mottagelig for avbildning, funksjonelle forstyrrelser og manipulering av nisjen.

In Vitro Pancreas organogenesen fra Spredt mus embryonale stamceller

The pancreas is an essential organ that regulates glucose homeostasis and secretes digestive enzymes. Research on pancreas embryogenesis has led to the ...

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Biology

In Vitro Pancreas Organogenesis from Dispersed Mouse Embryonic Progenitors

In vitro Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem (mES) Cells Using the Hanging Drop Method

In vitro Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem mES Cells Using the Hanging Drop Method

Stem cells have the remarkable potential to develop into many different cell types. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either ...

In vitro Labeling of Human Embryonic Stem Cells for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) have demonstrated the ability to restore the injured myocardium. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as one of ...

Single-cell Suction Recordings from Mouse Cone Photoreceptors

Rod and cone photoreceptors in the retina are responsible for light detection. In darkness, cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels in the outer segment ...

In vivo Imaging and Therapeutic Treatments in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Ovarian Cancer

In vivo Imaging and Therapeutic Treatments in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Ovarian Cancer

Human cancer and response to therapy is better represented in orthotopic animal models.  This paper describes the development of an orthotopic mouse model ...

Purification of Progenitors from Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal muscle contains multiple progenitor populations of distinct embryonic origins and developmental potential. Myogenic progenitors, usually residing ...

A System for ex vivo Culturing of Embryonic Pancreas

A System for ex vivo Culturing of Embryonic Pancreas

Et system for<em&gt; Ex vivo</em&gt; Dyrking av Embryonic Pancreas

The pancreas controls vital functions of our body,  including the production of digestive enzymes and regulation of blood sugar  levels1. Although in the ...

Generation of Mice Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Generasjon Mus Utledet fra Utførte pluripotente stamceller

The production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells provides a means to create valuable tools for basic research and may also ...

Cell Labeling and Injection in Developing Embryonic Mouse Hearts

Cell Merking og injeksjon i Utvikling Embryonale Mouse Hearts

Testing the fate of embryonic or pluripotent stem cell-derivatives in in vitro protocols has led to controversial outcomes that do not necessarily reflect ...

RNA Isolation from Mouse Pancreas: A Ribonuclease-rich Tissue

RNA Isolasjon fra Mouse Pancreas: En Ribonuclease rike Tissue

Isolation of high-quality RNA from ribonuclease-rich tissue such as mouse pancreas presents a challenge.  As a primary function of the pancreas is to aid ...

Protein Isolation from the Developing Embryonic Mouse Heart Valve Region

Protein Isolasjon fra utviklings Embryonic Mouse hjertet ventil Region

Western blot analysis is a commonly employed technique for detecting and quantifying protein levels. However, for small tissue samples, this analysis ...