Name: amide coupling reaction for the synthesis of bispyridine-based ligands and their complexation to platinum as dinuclear anticancer agents
Uploaded: 2014-05-28T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents at JoVE.com

1 Síntesis de la N, N &#39;-. (, N-alcano-diilo 1) diisonicotinamide <ol><li> Secar un solo cuello o matraz de fondo redondo de tres bocas en un horno (100 º C, 1 h) para asegurar que se elimina toda la humedad. </li><li> Añadir ácido isonicotínico sólido, o su derivado, en el matraz junto con una barra de agitación magnética. Si el ligando (s) diaminoalcano son sólidos a temperatura ambiente, a continuación, 0,5 mol (a los moles número de ácido isonicotínico) se añadió al matraz en esta etapa....

<ol>
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En este trabajo complejos de platino dinucleares han sido sintetizados como agentes anticancerosos potenciales. Al hacerlo ligandos bispiridina puente se sintetizaron a través de una reacción de acoplamiento de amida usando ácido isonicotínico y diaminoalcanos de longitud variable. Anteriormente se ha informado de la síntesis de bispiridina ligandos y sus análogos de metilo con 2 a 8 grupos metileno y sus respectivos complejos de platino. En este trabajo, el método de síntesis y purificación ha sido revisada po...

Medicamentos contra el cáncer de platino siguen siendo uno de la familia más ampliamente utilizado de los agentes en el tratamiento del cáncer humano 1. A pesar de su éxito, que están limitadas en su aplicación por los efectos secundarios limitantes de la dosis graves 2-4. Las dosis limitadas que pueden ser administrados a pacientes que también significa que los tumores pueden desarrollar resistencia 5. Como tales, los nuevos medicamentos se siguen desarrollando para mejorar el perfil de efectos secundarios y superar la resistencia adquirida, como phenanthriplatin 6 y 7 phosphaplatin. A finales de 1990, un fármaco de platino trinuclear fue desarrollado, BBR3464 (Esquema 1) 8, es decir hasta 1000 veces más citotóxica in vitro de los principales fármacos de platino, cisplatino. BBR3464 también es capaz de superar la resistencia adquirida en un panel de líneas celulares de cáncer humano 9. Desafortunadamente, el aumento de la actividad de BBR3464 se corresponde con 50 - a 100 - veces mayor toxicidad, quelimita su uso 10-12. También se degrada fácilmente en el cuerpo, es decir, un poco del medicamento alcanza núcleos intactos cáncer 9. Picoplatin es un fármaco a base de platino mononucleares que contiene un ligando 2-metil-piridina (Esquema 1) 13. El grupo metilo de este fármaco protege del ataque por nucleófilos biológicos; en particular, la cisteína y la metionina que contiene péptidos / proteínas 14-16. Como tal, el fármaco es muy estable y tiene una concentración mucho más alta que llega a los núcleos de cáncer en comparación con tanto BBR3464 y cisplatino 17. Su reactividad reducida también significa picoplatin tiene una dosis máxima tolerada más alta en comparación con BBR3464 y cisplatino 10,18,19. Por tanto, este proyecto se propuso combinar las propiedades de BBR3464 y picoplatin para producir nuevos medicamentos que son capaces de superar la resistencia adquirida que se vea mejorada la estabilidad biológica y menos severa lado-efeCTS (por ejemplo, Figura 1). De este modo, una gama de complejos de platino dinucleares se prepararon con ligandos bispiridina puente 20. Los ligandos se realizan mediante reacciones de acoplamiento de amida con ácido isonicotínico, o sus derivados, como el 2-metil-isonicotínico, diaminoalcanos de longitud variable. La reacción de un equivalente molar de los ligandos con dos equivalentes molares de transplatin produce los complejos de platino deseados (Esquema 1).

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="782">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">D2O</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">151882</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.9% D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">DMSO-d6</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">156914</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.96% D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:297px;">1,8-diaminooctane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D22401</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:297px;">1,10-diaminodecane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D14204</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:297px;">1,12-diaminododecane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D1,640-1</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:297px;">Isonicotinic acid</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">I17508</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="120">
			<td height="120" style="height:120px;width:297px;">1-Propylphosphonic anhydride solution</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">431303</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">50 wt% in ethyl acetate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="100">
			<td height="100" style="height:100px;width:297px;">Trans-diaminodichloridoplatinum(II)</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">P1525</td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Dimethylsulfoxide</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">Z76855</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">&#62;99.9%, anhydrous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">N,N&#8217;-dimethylformamide</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">227056</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.8%, anhydrous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Triethylamine</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">T0886</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">&#62;99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Nylon filter membranes</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Whatman</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">7402-004</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">Pore size, 0.2 &#181;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Magnetic stirring hotplate</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Magnetic stirring bar&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Round bottom or three neck flask</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:297px;">Rubber septums of sufficient size for chosen round bottom or three neck flask</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">5 mL hypodermic syringes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Hypodermic needles</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rubber party ballons</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rubber bands</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">A source of N2 gas</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rotary evaporator</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Drying oven</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">NMR tubes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">NMR spectrometer</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">500 mL beakers</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Glass or plastic pipettes</td>
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</table>

amide coupling reaction for the synthesis of bispyridine-based ligands and their complexation to platinum as dinuclear anticancer agents

Amide coupling reactions can be used to synthesize bispyridine-based ligands for use as bridging linkers in multinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. Isonicotinic acid, or its derivatives, are coupled to variable length diaminoalkane chains under an inert atmosphere in anhydrous DMF or DMSO with the use of a weak base, triethylamine, and a coupling agent, 1-propylphosphonic anhydride. The products precipitate from solution upon formation or can be precipitated by the addition of water. If desired, the ligands can be further purified by recrystallization from hot water. Dinuclear platinum complex synthesis using the bispyridine ligands is done in hot water using transplatin. The most informative of the chemical characterization techniques to determine the structure and gross purity of both the bispyridine ligands and the final platinum complexes is 1H NMR with particular analysis of the aromatic region of the spectra (7-9 ppm). The platinum complexes have potential application as anticancer agents and the synthesis method can be modified to produce trinuclear and other multinuclear complexes with different hydrogen bonding functionality in the bridging ligand.

Los ligandos bispiridina y sus respectivos complejos de platino dinucleares se caracterizan por 1 H, 13 C y 195 Pt RMN (Tablas 1 y 2), y espectroscopia de masas con ionización por electrospray. Puntos de fusión precisas se pueden determinar usando calorimetría diferencial de barrido y la pureza se determina mejor mediante análisis elemental para C, H y N contenido en porcentaje. De mayor uso es de 1 H RMN ya que es rápido y fácil de usar...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents at JoVE.com

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

Este protocolo describe el uso de reacciones de acoplamiento de amida del ácido isonicotínico y diaminoalcanos para formar ligandos puente adecuados para su uso en la síntesis de complejos de platino multinucleares, que combinan aspectos de los medicamentos contra el cáncer BBR3464 y picoplatin.

Amida de reacción para la Síntesis de ligandos basados ​​en bispiridina y su complejación a Platinum como dinucleares Agentes anticancerígenos

Amide coupling reactions can be used to synthesize bispyridine-based ligands for use as bridging linkers in multinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. ...

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HKUST-1 as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Vanillin

HKUST-1 como un catalizador heterogéneo para la Síntesis de la vainillina

Vanillin (4-hydoxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) is the main component of the extract of vanilla bean. The natural vanilla scent is a mixture of approximately ...

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

Síntesis de Proteínas bioconjugados<em&gt; vía</em&gt; Química cisteína-maleimida

The chemical linking or bioconjugation of proteins to fluorescent dyes, drugs, polymers and other proteins has a broad range of applications, such as the ...

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Síntesis de polímeros cíclicos y caracterización de su movimiento difusivo en el estado fundido en la molécula de un solo nivel

We demonstrate a method for the synthesis of cyclic polymers and a protocol for characterizing their diffusive motion in a melt state at the single ...

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Preparación y<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Caracterización de los agentes de contraste basados ​​en dendrímeros de Imágenes por Resonancia Magnética

Paramagnetic complexes of gadolinium(III) with acyclic or macrocyclic chelates are the most commonly used contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance ...

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Síntesis de nanocables de platino y níquel y optimización de rendimiento de reducción de oxígeno

Platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanowires were developed as fuel cell electrocatalysts, and were optimized for the performance and durability in the oxygen ...

Preparation of Stable Bicyclic Aziridinium Ions and Their Ring-Opening for the Synthesis of Azaheterocycles

Preparación de iones Aziridinium bicíclica estable y su apertura para la síntesis de Azaheterocycles

Bicyclic aziridinium ions were generated by the removal of an appropriate leaving group through internal nucleophilic attack by nitrogen atom in the ...

Amida de reacción para la Síntesis de ligandos basados ​​en bispiridina y su complejación a Platinum como dinucleares Agentes anticancerígenos

Amida de reacción para la Síntesis de ligandos basados en bispiridina y su complejación a Platinum como dinucleares Agentes anticancerígenos