Name: zinc-finger nuclease enhanced gene targeting in human embryonic stem cells
Uploaded: 2014-08-23T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells at JoVE.com

在本协议中所述的工作成为可能，通过与美国加州再生医学研究所（CIRM）的协作联盟的一部分，由维多利亚州政府资助。

所有过程都在无菌的层流罩中进行。所有介质和溶液平衡至37℃，除非另有规定。 1，扩展人类的产品分成合同（人类胚胎干细胞和iPS细胞，WA-09本议定书中所使用）的转注意：这是没有必要扩大对基质胶或Geltrex人类胚胎干细胞。人类胚胎干细胞展开对小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞（MEF中），可用于电或核转遵循MEF去除步骤（见第2.8节）。 <ol><li>制备1×100毫米培?...

<ol>
	<li>Nefzger, C. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lmx1a+Allows+Context-Specific+Isolation+of+Progenitors+of+GABAergic+or+Dopaminergic+Neurons+During+Neural+Differentiation+of+Embryonic+Stem+Cells.">Lmx1a Allows Context-Specific Isolation of Progenitors of GABAergic or Dopaminergic Neurons During Neural Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells.</a> Stem Cells. 30 (7), 1349-1361 (2012).</li><li>Zeng, W. R., Fabb, S. R. A., Haynes, J. M., Pouton, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extended+periods+of+neural+induction+and+propagation+of+embryonic+stem+cell-derived+neural+progenitors+with+EGF+and+FGF2+enhances+Lmx1a+expression+and+neurogenic+potential.">Extended periods of neural induction and propagation of embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitors with EGF and FGF2 enhances Lmx1a expression and neurogenic potential.</a> Neurochemistry International. 59 (3), 394-403 (2011).</li><li>Collin, J., Lako, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Concise+review:+putting+a+finger+on+stem+cell+biology:+zinc+finger+nuclease-driven+targeted+genetic+editing+in+human+embryonic+stem+cells.">Concise review: putting a finger on stem cell biology: zinc finger nuclease-driven targeted genetic editing in human embryonic stem cells.</a> Stem Cells. 29 (7), 1021-1033 (2011).</li><li>Carroll, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Progress+and+prospects:+zinc-finger+nucleases+as+gene+therapy+agents.">Progress and prospects: zinc-finger nucleases as gene therapy agents.</a> Gene Therapy. 15 (22), 1463-1468 (2008).</li><li>Urnov, F. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Highly+efficient+endogenous+human+gene+correction+using+designed+zinc-finger+nucleases.">Highly efficient endogenous human gene correction using designed zinc-finger nucleases.</a> Nature. 435 (7042), 646-651 (2005).</li><li>Hockemeyer, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+targeting+of+expressed+and+silent+genes+in+human+ESCs+and+iESCs+using+zinc-finger+nucleases.">Efficient targeting of expressed and silent genes in human ESCs and iESCs using zinc-finger nucleases.</a> Nature Biotechnology. 27 (9), 851-857 (2009).</li><li>Lombardo, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gene+editing+in+human+stem+cells+using+zinc+finger+nucleases+and+integrase-defective+lentiviral+vector+delivery.">Gene editing in human stem cells using zinc finger nucleases and integrase-defective lentiviral vector delivery.</a> Nature Biotechnology. 25 (11), (2007).</li><li>Boch, J., Bonas, U. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Xanthomonas+AvrBs3+family-type+III+effectors:+discovery+and+function.">Xanthomonas AvrBs3 family-type III effectors: discovery and function.</a> Annual Review of Phytopathology. 48, 419-436 (2010).</li><li>Hockemeyer, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetic+engineering+of+human+embryonic+cells+using+TALE+nucleases.">Genetic engineering of human embryonic cells using TALE nucleases.</a> Nature Biotechnology. 29 (8), 731-734 (2011).</li><li>Tucker, K. L., Wang, Y., Dausman, J., Jaenisch, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+transgenic+mouse+strain+expressing+four+drug-selectable+marker+genes.">A transgenic mouse strain expressing four drug-selectable marker genes.</a> Nucleic Acids Research. 25 (18), 3745-3746 (1997).</li><li>Ram&#237;rez-Solis, R., Rivera-P&#233;rez, J., Wallace, J. D., Wims, M., Zheng, H., Bradley, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genomic+DNA+microextraction:+a+method+to+screen+numerous+samples.">Genomic DNA microextraction: a method to screen numerous samples.</a> Analytical Biochemistry. 201 (2), 331-335 (1992).</li><li>Kawasaki, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+midbrain+dopaminergic+neurons+from+ES+cells+by+stromal+cell-derived+inducing+activity.">Induction of midbrain dopaminergic neurons from ES cells by stromal cell-derived inducing activity.</a> Neuron. 28 (1), 31-40 (2000).</li><li>Denham, M., Thompson, L. H., Leung, J., P&#233;bay, A., Bj&#246;rklund, A., Dottori, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gli1+is+an+inducing+factor+in+generating+floor+plate+progenitor+cells+from+human+embryonic+stem+cells.">Gli1 is an inducing factor in generating floor plate progenitor cells from human embryonic stem cells.</a> Stem Cells. 28 (10), 1805-1815 (2010).</li><li>Smidt, M. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+homeodomain+gene+Ptx3+has+highly+restricted+brain+expression+in+mesencephalic+dopaminergic+neurons.">A homeodomain gene Ptx3 has highly restricted brain expression in mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 94, 13305-13310 (1997).</li></ol>

对记者的细胞系的产生提供了强有力的手段来跟踪，可视化和从人类胚胎干细胞来源的异质群体隔离感兴趣的细胞。然而，基因通过常规的同源重组靶向已被证明是非常低效的人类胚胎干细胞3。在这个协议中，我们描述了一个相对简单的技术采用广泛使用的目标向量的ZFN一起引入到RP的外显子的PITX3基因之一，在人类胚胎干细胞。我们手中的基因靶向系统是高效的，用含有正确的目...

当前的胚胎干细胞（ESC）分化的协议导致异质细胞群，特别是相对于特定的神经元表型的推导。因此，虽然文化包含所需的细胞表型，其他的神经元，非神经和未分化的细胞类型是经常存在1。这些特点限制了ESC键的应用程序源细胞来源的细胞替代疗法的使用和体外疾病模型。 遗传报告基因的细胞系提供了可视化，跟踪和隔离所关注的细胞的装置，只要该报告蛋白（RP）中的表达再现的内源性表达。使用的启动子紧接基因编码区上游的可用于推导粗遗传记者但这样的构建缺乏控制内源基因表达的精确调控元件。与此相反，同源重组提供了机会，确保安置计划的高保真表达。在过去，针对设计用于同源重组在感兴趣的特定基因的载体已被用于使用电穿孔作为DNA递送1,2的手段对目标在小鼠胚胎干细胞（mESCs分化）的RP。但是通过传统的同源重组报告细胞系的生成是非常低效的人类胚胎干细胞（胚胎干细胞），因此只被记录在极少数情况下（在3审查）。通过使用含有融合的霍 1核酸酶与特定地点的锌指结构，统称为锌指核酸酶（ZFN）的工程嵌合蛋白，DNA双链断裂可以在预先确定的基因组位点引入。当用同源性的DNA载体的DNA双链断裂的两侧添加，基因组位点可通过同源重组得到修复，从而使该DNA供体序列的掺入。该技术已被证明非常有用˚F或在两个人原代细胞4,5和6,7人类胚胎干细胞的基因组编辑。更近期的工作已经利用转录激活因子样效应物核酸酶（TALENS），所使用的植物转录因子的病原体如图8所示 ，位点特异性核酸酶9来帮助设计。 在下面的协议我们展示了人类胚胎干细胞报道细胞系的产生，含有同源靶向载体6用的ZFN对人垂体同源3（PITX3）轨迹在一起的EGFP的电穿孔。下列抗生素选择为2-3周，胚胎干细胞具有正确整合的DNA可以手动拾取，膨胀并通过PCR筛选最初，并随后通过Southern杂交验证。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="883">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (DR4)</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">GlobalStem</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">GSC-6004G</td>
			<td style="width:67px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Gelatin</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G1393-100ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">HBSS, no Calcium, no Magnesium, no Phenol Red (HBSS)</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">14175-095</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Dispase</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">StemCell Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">7923</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Cell Scraper</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">3008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Accutase</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A11105-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Y27632</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Axon Medchem</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Axon 1683</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cell Strainer - 40um</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>352340</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">33mm - 0.22 um filter</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SLGP033RS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">rhFGF2</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td>233-FB-025/CF</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Electroporator</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">BioRad</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">165-2661</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">0.4cm electroporation cuvette</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">BioRad</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">165-2088</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Human TV-hPITX3-forward targeting construct</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Addgene</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">31942</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:491px;">ZFN Kit; Human PITX3</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CKOZFN1050-1KT</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Puromycin</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Invivogen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ant-pr-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Matrigel</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>354277</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Geltrex</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A1569601</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">NaCl</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S3014</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Dulbecco&#39;s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM)</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>10566-016</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Fetal Bovine Serum, Qualified, Heat Inactivated, US Origin (FBS)</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">16140-071</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Pen/Strep</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>15070-063</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Dulbecco&#39;s Modified Eagle Medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 (DMEM/F12)</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">11320-033</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">KnockOut Serum Replacement (KSR)</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>10828-028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids&#160; (NEAA)</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">11140-050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">GlutaMAX</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">35050-061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">&#223;-mercaptoethanol</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>21985-023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt solution (Sarcosyl) (30%)</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">61747</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">EDTA</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sial/e9884?lang=en&amp;region=US">E9884</a></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Trizma Hydrochloride</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T3253</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Proteinase K solution (20mg/ml)</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Bioline Australia</td>
			<td>BIO-37084</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">Expand Long Template PCR System</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Roche Australia</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">11681834001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">hPITX3 L arm gen. F (primer): 5&#8217; TGTCCTAAGGAGAATGGGTAACAGACA 3&#8217;</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">GeneWorks, Australia</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:491px;">hPITX3 L arm GFP R (primer): 5&#8217; ACACGCTGAACTTGTGGCCGTTTA 3&#8217;</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">GeneWorks, Australia</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:491px;">HyperLadder 1kb&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Bioline Australia</td>
			<td>BIO-33025</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:491px;">GelRed</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">Jomar Bioscience, Australia</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">41003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

zinc-finger nuclease enhanced gene targeting in human embryonic stem cells

与当前的人类胚胎干细胞（ESC）的分化方案的一个主要限制是异质的细胞群的产生。这些培养物含有感兴趣的细胞，而且还污染了未分化的胚胎干细胞，非神经衍生物和其他神经元亚型。这限制了它们的使用在体外和体内应用中，如在体外模型用于药物开发的或细胞替代疗法。为了帮助解决这个问题，记者的细胞系，它提供可视化，跟踪和隔离感兴趣的细胞的方法，可以设计。然而，要实现这个在人胚胎干细胞通过常规的同源重组是极其低效的。这个协议描述了一种具有靶向垂体同源使用定制设计的锌指核酸酶，其引入位点特异性双链DNA断裂3（PITX3）位点在人胚胎干细胞，一起PITX3 - 绿色荧光蛋白特异性的DNA供体载体。以下的PITX3报道细胞系的产生，其然后可以使用发表的方案为在研究中使用的分化，例如在体外帕金森氏病模型或细胞替代疗法。

以下共电穿孔的定制设计PITX3锌指一对连同PITX3 - EGFP特异性DNA供体载体中，并随后嘌呤选择，阳性胚胎干细胞克隆，通过基因组PCR筛选（ 图1），首先检测到的。这些PCR阳性克隆与5&#39;和3&#39;特异性探针的Southern印迹杂交确认正确的定位外显子1的PITX3轨迹（ 图2），具有19％的效率。在图3所示的免疫荧光图像表明EGFP表达由PITX3子使用?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells at JoVE.com

Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

记者的细胞系提供了可视化，跟踪和隔离，从不同的人群感兴趣的细胞的方法。然而，基因靶向用常规的同源重组在人胚胎干细胞是非常低效的。在这里，我们将介绍使用锌指核酸酶增强同源重组靶向中枢神经系统中脑特异性转录因子PITX3基因与绿色荧光蛋白。

锌指核酸酶增强基因打靶的人胚胎干细胞

One major limitation with current human embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation protocols is the generation of heterogeneous cell ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Propagation of Human Embryonic Stem (ES) Cells

Propagation of Human Embryonic Stem ES Cells

人类胚胎干细胞（ES细胞）的繁殖

科研

生物学

Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery

人类胚胎干细胞的推导Immunosurgery

The ability of human embryonic stem cells to self-renew and differentiate into all cell types of 
the body suggests that they hold great promise for both ...

Probing for Mitochondrial Complex Activity in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

在人类胚胎干细胞的线粒体复杂的活动初探

Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles that have a primary role in cellular metabolism and homeostasis, regulation of the cell signaling network, and ...

In vitro and in vivo Bioluminescence Reporter Gene Imaging of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

在体外和体内生物发光记者人类胚胎干细胞的基因显像

The discovery of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) has dramatically increased the tools available to medical scientists interested in regenerative ...

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

从人类胚胎干细胞的染色质免疫沉淀

The functional and structural complexity of the myriad of cells in metazoan organisms arises from a small number of stem cells. Stem cells are ...

In vitro Labeling of Human Embryonic Stem Cells for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

在人类胚胎干细胞体外培养的标签用于磁共振成像

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) have demonstrated the ability to restore the injured myocardium. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as one of ...

Culture and Maintenance of Human Embryonic Stem Cells  

文化和维护人类胚胎干细胞

Human embryonic stem (hES) cells must be monitored and cared for in order to maintain healthy, undifferentiated cultures. At minimum, the cultures must be ...

Freezing and Thawing Human Embryonic Stem Cells

人类胚胎干细胞冷冻和解冻

Since James Thomson et al developed a technique in 1998 to isolate and grow hES in culture, freezing cells for later use and thawing and expanding cells ...

Video Bioinformatics Analysis of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colony Growth

视频人类胚胎干细胞克隆生长的生物信息学分析

Because video data are complex and are comprised of many images, mining information from video material is difficult to do without the aid of computer ...

Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into Oligodendrocyte Precursors

胚胎干细胞分化成少突胶质前体

Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system. For regenerative cell therapy in demyelinating diseases, there is significant ...