Name: generation of enterobacter sp. ysu auxotrophs using transposon mutagenesis
Uploaded: 2014-10-31T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Enterobacter sp. YSU Auxotrophs Using Transposon Mutagenesis at JoVE.com

笔者要感谢我所有的本科独立研究学生的我谁在2010-2014年春季学期测试了我的转座子突变的想法微生物生理学研究生和一切。这项工作是由美国生物科学系的扬斯敦州立大学。

1.电穿孔感受态细胞的5,11 <ol><li>稀肠杆菌属的O / N LB培养。 YSU 1/20到50ml新鲜LB培养基中，并与以120rpm振荡及30℃至0.4和0.6之间的OD（600 nm）的生长。或者，种植其他细菌菌株在其最佳生长温度。 </li><li>寒意在冰上将细胞5分钟，并离心在4℃和7000×g离心5分钟。 </li><li>弃上清，重悬细胞于50ml无菌冰冷的水和离心机在4℃和7000×g离心5分钟。重复此步骤。 </li><li>弃去上清并将细胞重新悬...

<ol>
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用转座的转座子诱变是在肠杆菌属产生营养缺陷型的有效工具。 YSU和其他类型的革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性菌3,4。该过程是通过将Tn的5衍生的转座到宿主通过电启动。以确定菌落的插入，未转化的靶菌株必须是敏感的，以卡那霉素以选择用于通过转座子携带的抗性标记。有些主机产生限制性核酸内切酶降解转座子的DNA，才可以与宿主基因组重组。另外一个限制性内切酶抑制剂?...

原养细菌生长的培养基含有葡萄糖（M-9培养基）的M-9基本盐，通过中心碳代谢途径的葡萄糖转化为产生前体，如氨基酸，核酸和维生素，可以使用合成1。 M-9培养基中含有氯化铵作为氮源，钠和磷酸钾作为缓冲液和磷源，硫酸镁作为硫源和葡萄糖作为碳源和能源。卢里亚BERTANI（LB）培养基中含有丰富的蛋白胨，从和多种维生素和生长因子从酵母中提取的氨基酸。它支持营养缺陷型是不能合成的氨基酸，维生素和其它生长因子，生长所需的M-9培养基中的生长。因此，prototrophs将生长在LB和M-9培养基，而营养缺陷型将在LB培养基中，但不能生长在M-9培养基。通过将突变引入细菌的原养型群体和识别突变基因导致的营养缺陷型表型，它是口服ssible以获得细菌菌株更好地理解代谢的。 转座子诱变也可用于识别许多需要在M-9培养基生长于葡萄糖的基因。转座子随机插入 ​​自己到宿主基因组中2。通过发现在LB琼脂平板和副本电镀它们座子转化到M-9培养基琼脂平板上，有可能筛选营养缺陷型。中断的基因是通过基因救援标识。本研究中使用了市售的Tn的5衍生的转座子它随与转座酶蛋白混合的直链转座子的DNA片段的溶液中。该DNA片段缺少一个转座酶基因，但含有卡那霉素抗性的基因，一个R6Kγ型复制起点和两个镶嵌图案这对于转座在段3,4的各端结合的DNA序列。由于转座蛋白直接加入到该DNA，单独的DNA片段被定义为转座子，并且该DNA /转座蛋白复合物被定义为转座。所述转座子是通过电穿孔5转化为卡那霉素敏感的宿主（ 图1A）。在含卡那霉素（LB根）的LB琼脂平板上生长的菌落具有转座子插入（ 图1B），并复制铺板转化体对不生长在含有卡那霉素（M-9根）是营养缺陷型的M-9培养基琼脂平板（Figire 1C）。从突变体基因组DNA的纯化和部分消化的4-碱基切割型限制性内切核酸酶，BFU CI（ 图1D）。连接后的DNA转化到大肠杆菌 （ 大肠杆菌 ）的菌株，其中包含皮尔基因（ 图1E）。这个基因可以含有转座子和侧翼宿主染色体区域在大肠杆菌中复制的新的质粒大肠杆菌 6。卡那霉素抗性基因作为如候选资格的标记为新的质粒。最后，测序用引物互补于转座子和所得序列的基本局部比对搜索工具（BLAST）分析7,8的每一端用于确定的中断基因的身份。 这种转座突变策略提供了三大优势3。首先，由于转座蛋白直接结合到转座子，插入不依赖于宿主内的转座酶基因的表达。一旦转座子整合本身到宿主基因组中，转座酶被降解，从而防止转座子的额外运动。然而，额外的运动不能，如果主机具有一个内Tn的5易位元件防止。第二，引入转座子通过电穿孔的，能够用它在各种各样的宿主。它也消除了由细菌缀合或者通过vi来引入转座子RAL感染。这两个过程都需要宿主易感性。第三，夹杂物的卡那霉素抗性基因和R6Kγ型复制起点的转座体的可以更容易地识别被中断的基因。转座子中断区可以存储并测序质粒，省去了使用逆聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术进行基因鉴定。 在这段视频中介绍的协议描述了肠杆菌属的转座子突变的每一步。 YSU 9使用转座子从它引入到细菌细胞的推定的基因它被中断的识别。除了 ​​先前公布的协议3,4,10，详细的使用方法复制平板筛选营养缺陷型呈现。此诱变技术可以用于调查其他的表型，如抗生素和金属电阻，在不同类型的细菌，对的identifying需要确定培养条件下合成生物学研究下生长的基因的最小数量，或者教学的遗传学和微生物生理学课程实验室的组成部分。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="707">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Name of Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td style="width:227px;">Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">EZ-Tn5 R6K&#947;ori/KAN-2 Tnp Transposome Kit</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Epicentre (Illumina)</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">TSM08KR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">EC100D pir+ Electrocompetent E. coli</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Epicentre (Illumina)</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ECP09500</td>
			<td style="width:227px;">Capable of replicating plasmids with an R6K&#947; replication origin at a low copy number</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">EC100D pir-116 Electrocompetent E. coli</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Epicentre (Illumina)</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">EC6P095H</td>
			<td style="width:227px;">Capable of replicating plasmids with an R6K&#947; replication origin at a high copy number</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">5X M-9 Salts</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">DF048517</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Lennox LB Broth</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BP1427-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Agar</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Amresco, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">J637-1KG</td>
			<td style="width:227px;">Solid media contained 1.6% (w/v) agar</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Kanamycin Sulfate&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Amresco, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">0408-25G</td>
			<td style="width:227px;">When required, media contained 50 &#956;g/ml kanamycin sulfate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">D-Glucose Monohydrate</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Amresco, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">0643-1KG</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Yeast Extract</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Amresco, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">J850-500G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Tryptone</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Amresco, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">J859-500G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">KCl</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P4504-500G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">NaCl</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Amresco, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">X190-1KG</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:216px;">MgCl2</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BP214-500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:216px;">MgSO2</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BP213-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="92">
			<td height="92" style="height:92px;width:216px;">Super Optimal Broth with Catabolite Repression (SOC) medium</td>
			<td style="width:145px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:227px;">0.5% (w/v) yeast extract, 2% (w/v) tryptone, 10 mM NaCl, 2.5 mM KCl, 10 mM MgCl2, 20 mM MgSO4 and 20 mM Glucose</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">BfuC I</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">NEB</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">R0636S</td>
			<td>Partial digestion of genomic DNA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Xho I</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">NEB</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">R0146S</td>
			<td>Plasmid digestion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">T4 DNA Ligase</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">NEB</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">M0202S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Nuclease Free Water</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Amresco, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">E476-1L</td>
			<td style="width:227px;">For dissolving precipitated DNA and restriction endonuclease reactions</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">GenomeLab DTCS - Quick Start Kit</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">608120</td>
			<td>DNA sequencing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Wizard Genomic DNA Purification Kit</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Promega</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A1120A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Wizard Plus SV Minipreps DNA Purification System</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Promega</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A1460</td>
			<td>Plasmid purification</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Replica Plating Block</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">09-718-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Velveteen Squares</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">09-718-2</td>
			<td>Replica plating</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PetriStickers</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Diversified Biotech</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">PSTK-1100</td>
			<td>Grid for replica plating</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Petri Dishes</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">FB0875712</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Gene Pulser II</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">BioRad</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Electroporation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Electroporation Cuvettes &#8211; 2 mm</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">BioExpress</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">E-5010-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">CentriVap DNA Vacuum Concentrator</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Labconco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">7970010</td>
			<td>Drying DNA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">CEQ 2000XL DNA Analysis System</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>DNA sequencing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Vector NTI Advance 11.5.0</td>
			<td style="width:145px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">12605099</td>
			<td>DNA sequence analysis</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

generation of enterobacter sp. ysu auxotrophs using transposon mutagenesis

原养细菌生长上的M-9基本盐培养基中添加葡萄糖（M-9培养基），它被用作碳源和能源。营养缺陷型可以使用转座体来生成。在这个协议中使用的可商购的，Tn的5衍生的转座体由含有R6Kγ型复制起点，卡那霉素抗性和两个镶嵌序列结尾的基因，该基因作为转位结合位点的DNA的线性段。的转座子，提供作为DNA /转座蛋白复合物，通过电穿孔导入到原养型菌株， 肠杆菌属。 YSU，并随机整合到自己这台主机的基因组。转化体复制铺板到的Luria-BERTANI琼脂含有卡那霉素，（LB根）平板上并在含卡那霉素（M-9根）M-9培养基琼脂平板上。生长在LB-kan平板上，但尚未上的M-9-kan平板上的转化体被认为是营养缺陷型。纯化的基因组从营养缺陷型的DNA进行部分消化，连接并转化到一个皮尔+大肠埃希氏菌 （ 大肠杆菌 ）菌株。该R6Kγ复制起点允许质粒在PIR + E.复制大肠杆菌菌株，和卡那霉素抗性标记允许质粒的选择。每个转化具有包含由中断染色体区域侧翼的转座子的新质粒。桑格测序和基本局部比对搜索工具（BLAST）建议被中断的基因的推定的身份。有三个优势，使用这种转座突变的策略。首先，它不依赖于转座酶基因的由宿主中的表达。其次，转座子被导入到目标主机通过电穿孔，而不是通过接合或转导，因此是更有效的。三，R6Kγ复制起点可以很容易地识别突变克烯是将一部分回收的重组质粒。该技术可用于研究参与其他特征肠杆菌属的基因。 YSU或更多种类的细菌菌株。

转型肠杆菌属的。 YSU通过电穿孔用的转座子启动的随机基因组插入到宿主基因组（ 图1A，B）。一个成功的电产生几千它转化生长在LB-kan平板。为了获得300-400，良好的间距每个平板菌落，对每个LB-根琼脂平板上转化混合物传播量进行了优化。每个转化体中包含至少一种转座子插入，但它是不清晰的，如果为增长的重要基因上的M-9培养基，通过影印打断未经筛选。转化体转移至?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Enterobacter sp. YSU Auxotrophs Using Transposon Mutagenesis at JoVE.com

Generation of Enterobacter sp. YSU Auxotrophs Using Transposon Mutagenesis

肠杆菌属。 YSU生长在最小的葡萄糖盐培养基。通过用转座子其中随机插入本身入宿主基因组转化它产生营养缺陷型。突变体是通过影印从复合培养基到基本培养基中。打断了基因鉴定的基因救援和测序。

的产生<em&gt;肠杆菌</em&gt; SP。 YSU营养缺陷型使用转座子突变

Prototrophic bacteria grow on M-9 minimal salts medium supplemented with glucose (M-9 medium), which is used as a carbon and energy source. Auxotrophs can ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Generation of Enterobacter sp. YSU Auxotrophs Using Transposon Mutagenesis

Generation of Stable Transgenic C. elegans Using Microinjection

产生稳定的转基因C.使用微量注射线虫

Transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans can be readily created via microinjection of a DNA plasmid solution into the gonad 1.  The plasmid DNA rearranges to ...

科研

生物学

Homemade Site Directed Mutagenesis of Whole Plasmids

自制的网站定向诱变整个质粒

Site directed mutagenesis of whole plasmids is a simple way to create slightly different variations of an original plasmid. With this method the cloned ...

Generation of RNA/DNA Hybrids in Genomic DNA by Transformation using RNA-containing Oligonucleotides

改造使用含RNA寡核苷酸基因组DNA的RNA / DNA杂交一代

Synthetic short nucleic acid polymers, oligonucleotides (oligos), are the most functional and widespread tools of molecular biology. Oligos can be ...

Mutagenesis and Functional Analysis of Ion Channels Heterologously Expressed in Mammalian Cells

异源表达在哺乳动物细胞离子通道的突变和功能分析

We will demonstrate how to study the functional effects of introducing a point mutation in an ion channel. We study G protein-gated inwardly rectifying ...

An Introduction to Worm Lab: from Culturing Worms to Mutagenesis

蠕虫病毒实验室介绍：从培养蠕虫突变

This protocol describes procedures to maintain nematodes in the laboratory and how to mutagenize them using two alternative methods: ethyl methane ...

Mutagenesis and Functional Selection Protocols for Directed Evolution of Proteins in E. coli

Mutagenesis and Functional Selection Protocols for Directed Evolution of Proteins in E. coli

导演蛋白质的演化突变和功能选择协议 E。大肠杆菌</em

The efficient generation of genetic diversity represents an invaluable molecular tool that can be used to label DNA synthesis, to create unique molecular ...

Single Oocyte Bisulfite Mutagenesis

单卵母细胞的亚硫酸氢钠诱变

Epigenetics encompasses all heritable and reversible modifications to chromatin that alter gene accessibility, and thus are the primary mechanisms for ...

Rapid and Efficient Zebrafish Genotyping Using PCR with High-resolution Melt Analysis

快速，高效的斑马鱼基因分型采用PCR与高分辨率熔体分析

Zebrafish is a powerful vertebrate model system for studying development, modeling disease, and performing drug screening. Recently a variety of genetic ...

Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors

从血液高效的iPS细胞生成使用附加体和HDAC抑制剂

This manuscript illustrates a protocol for efficiently creating integration-free human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from peripheral blood using ...

A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing

经过一蛋白饱和诱变图书馆的功能评价规范利用高通量测序

Site-directed mutagenesis has long been used as a method to interrogate protein structure, function and evolution. Recent advances in massively-parallel ...