Name: conformational evaluation of hiv-1 trimeric envelope glycoproteins using a cell-based elisa assay
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Agradecemos al Dr. James Robinson por su generosa donación de la A32, 17b, 48d, y C11 mAbs. PGT 121 se obtuvo a través del Programa de reactivos de SIDA de los NIH, la División de SIDA, NIAID, NIH (Cat # 12343). Este trabajo fue apoyado por la Fundación Canadiense para la Innovación Líder del Programa # 29866, por un operativo CIHR # 257792, por un Establecimiento FRQS de Joven Científico Grant # 24639 de la FA y por un subsidio continuo CRCHUM, así como por un CIHR subvención catalizador # 126630 a AF y RM. AF es el destinatario de un FRSQ Chercheur Boursier Junior 1 beca # 24639. MV fue apoyado por un Premio de Investigación Doctoral CIHR # 291485.

1. Día 1 - Cultivo Celular <ol><li> Plate 2 x 10 4 células por pocillo en un 96 pocillos placa de cultivo celular opaco adecuado para la lectura de luminiscencia osteosarcoma humano (HOS). Utilice Medio Eagle Modificado de Dulbecco (DMEM) suplementado con 10% de suero bovino fetal (FBS) y 100 U / ml de penicilina-estreptomicina. Incubar hasta el día siguiente a 37 ° C, 5% de CO 2. </li></ol> 2. Día 2 - Polietilenimina (PEI) Transfección <ol><li> Preparar la mezcla ...

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Virol. 65, 2119-2123 (1991).</li><li>Haim, H., Salas, I., Sodroski, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Proteolytic+processing+of+the+human+immunodeficiency+virus+envelope+glycoprotein+precursor+decreases+conformational+flexibility.">Proteolytic processing of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein precursor decreases conformational flexibility.</a> J. Virol. 87, 1884-1889 (2013).</li><li>Chen, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Structural+basis+of+immune+evasion+at+the+site+of+CD4+attachment+on+HIV-1+gp120.">Structural basis of immune evasion at the site of CD4 attachment on HIV-1 gp120.</a> Science. 326, 1123-1127 (2009).</li><li>Kwong, P. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=HIV-1+evades+antibody-mediated+neutralization+through+conformational+masking+of+receptor-binding+sites.">HIV-1 evades antibody-mediated neutralization through conformational masking of receptor-binding sites.</a> Nature. 420, 678-682 (2002).</li><li>Sakai, K., Takiguchi, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Toward+an+effective+AIDS+vaccine+development.">Toward an effective AIDS vaccine development.</a> Eur. J. Immunol. 43, 3087-3089 (2013).</li><li>Veillette, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interaction+with+Cellular+CD4+Exposes+HIV-1+Envelope+Epitopes+Targeted+by+Antibody-Dependent+Cell-Mediated+Cytotoxicity.">Interaction with Cellular CD4 Exposes HIV-1 Envelope Epitopes Targeted by Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity.</a> J. Virol. 88, 2633-2644 (2014).</li><li>Wibmer, C. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Viral+escape+from+HIV-1+neutralizing+antibodies+drives+increased+plasma+neutralization+breadth+through+sequential+recognition+of+multiple+epitopes+and+immunotypes.">Viral escape from HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies drives increased plasma neutralization breadth through sequential recognition of multiple epitopes and immunotypes.</a> PLoS Pathogens. 9 (e1003738), (2013).</li><li>Kovacs, J. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=HIV-1+envelope+trimer+elicits+more+potent+neutralizing+antibody+responses+than+monomeric+gp120.">HIV-1 envelope trimer elicits more potent neutralizing antibody responses than monomeric gp120.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109, 12111-12116 (2012).</li><li>Yuan, W., Bazick, J., Sodroski, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+the+multiple+conformational+States+of+free+monomeric+and+trimeric+human+immunodeficiency+virus+envelope+glycoproteins+after+fixation+by+cross-linker.">Characterization of the multiple conformational States of free monomeric and trimeric human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoproteins after fixation by cross-linker.</a> J. Virol. 80, 6725-6737 (2006).</li><li>Guttman, M., Lee, K. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+functional+interaction+between+gp41+and+gp120+is+observed+for+monomeric+but+not+oligomeric,+uncleaved+HIV-1+Env+gp140.">A functional interaction between gp41 and gp120 is observed for monomeric but not oligomeric, uncleaved HIV-1 Env gp140.</a> J. Virol. 87, 11462-11475 (2013).</li><li>Ringe, R. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cleavage+strongly+influences+whether+soluble+HIV-1+envelope+glycoprotein+trimers+adopt+a+native-like+conformation.">Cleavage strongly influences whether soluble HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimers adopt a native-like conformation.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110, 18256-18261 (2013).</li><li>Desormeaux, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+highly+conserved+layer-3+component+of+the+HIV-1+gp120+inner+domain+is+critical+for+CD4-required+conformational+transitions.">The highly conserved layer-3 component of the HIV-1 gp120 inner domain is critical for CD4-required conformational transitions.</a> J. Virol. 87, 2549-2562 (2013).</li><li>Haim, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Soluble+CD4+and+CD4-mimetic+compounds+inhibit+HIV-1+infection+by+induction+of+a+short-lived+activated+state.">Soluble CD4 and CD4-mimetic compounds inhibit HIV-1 infection by induction of a short-lived activated state.</a> PLoS Pathogens. 5 (e1000360), (2009).</li><li>Haim, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Contribution+of+intrinsic+reactivity+of+the+HIV-1+envelope+glycoproteins+to+CD4-independent+infection+and+global+inhibitor+sensitivity.">Contribution of intrinsic reactivity of the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins to CD4-independent infection and global inhibitor sensitivity.</a> PLoS Pathogens. 7 (e1002101), (2011).</li><li>Thali, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+changes+in+gp120-CD4+binding+affinity+on+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+1+envelope+glycoprotein+function+and+soluble+CD4+sensitivity.">Effects of changes in gp120-CD4 binding affinity on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein function and soluble CD4 sensitivity.</a> J. Virol. 65, 5007-5012 (1991).</li><li>Medjahed, H., Pacheco, B., Desormeaux, A., Sodroski, J., Finzi, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+HIV-1+gp120+major+variable+regions+modulate+cold+inactivation.">The HIV-1 gp120 major variable regions modulate cold inactivation.</a> J. Virol. 87, 4103-4111 (2013).</li><li>Thali, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+conserved+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+1+gp120+neutralization+epitopes+exposed+upon+gp120-CD4+binding.">Characterization of conserved human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 neutralization epitopes exposed upon gp120-CD4 binding.</a> J. Virol. 67, 3978-3988 (1993).</li><li>Finzi, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Topological+layers+in+the+HIV-1+gp120+inner+domain+regulate+gp41+interaction+and+CD4-triggered+conformational+transitions.">Topological layers in the HIV-1 gp120 inner domain regulate gp41 interaction and CD4-triggered conformational transitions.</a> Mol. Cell. 37, 656-667 (2010).</li><li>Kassa, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transitions+to+and+from+the+CD4-bound+conformation+are+modulated+by+a+single-residue+change+in+the+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+1+gp120+inner+domain.">Transitions to and from the CD4-bound conformation are modulated by a single-residue change in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 inner domain.</a> J. 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Este ensayo se optimiza para detectar la interacción de los mAb específicos con el VIH-1 trimérica Env expresada en la superficie celular. Una vez que el protocolo ha sido establecida, puede ser utilizado en medios a altos rendimientos con bajos costes de materiales globales y pequeñas cantidades de anticuerpos. Dado que este ensayo está basado en la transfección, puede ser fácilmente adaptado para la coexpresión de las proteínas celulares tales como CD4 con el fin de estudiar sus efectos sobre la conformación...

Humana tipo 1 del virus de inmunodeficiencia (VIH-1) de entrada, mediada por las glicoproteínas de la envoltura viral triméricos (ENV) es el primer paso del ciclo infeccioso. Siendo el único antígeno viral expuesto presentado en la superficie de los viriones, la Env trímero provoca anticuerpos neutralizantes y no neutralizantes. Como tal, representa un candidato interesante para el diseño inmunógeno de la vacuna. Sin embargo, los ensayos de vacunación con Env en formas solubles o recombinantes suscitó respuestas con sólo una eficacia mínima contra más primaria del VIH-1 aislados de 1-3. No obstante, la eficacia parcial observada en el ensayo de la vacuna RV144 4 renovado interés en el VIH-1 Env como candidato inmunógeno. Esto fue corroborado por un reciente estudio describiendo que los anticuerpos anti-Env vacuna-suscitó fueron suficientes para generar un cierto grado de protección contra el VIS y el VIH desafía 5. Después de ser sintetizada en el retículo endoplásmico, el glycoprote Enven precursora, gp160, experimenta varias modificaciones post-traduccionales que son críticos para su capacidad para alimentar el proceso de fusión viral. El precursor de Env debe doblar correctamente y asociado en trímeros antes de ser escindida en sus gp120 y gp41 transmembrana extra-citoplasmáticos subunidades 6-10, con interacciones no covalentes que mantienen el enlace con gp120-gp41. La maquinaria de la célula infectada también es en gran medida responsable de glicosilar Env, que comprende aproximadamente 50% de su masa total 11,12. La compleja estructura resultante permite Env para ser conformacionalmente flexible de 13,14, mientras que proporciona una metaestabilidad que se piensa para permitir Env para adaptarse y ocultar ciertos epítopos altamente inmunogénicos que de otro modo estar expuestos 15-19, subrayando la importancia de comprender mejor las diferentes conformaciones muestreada por el trimer Env nativa. Hasta la fecha, varias técnicas se han desarrollado y utilizado con éxito para estudiar Env ch conformacionalanges. Sin embargo, varían en sus limitaciones, está a menudo restringido a contextos específicos Env. Por ejemplo, la resonancia de plasmón de superficie o ensayos de inmunoprecipitación utilizando anticuerpos monoclonales específicos de conformación (mAbs), se basan ya sea en moléculas Env solubles o solubilizados monoméricas que se sabe que son inmunogenéticamente diferentes de sus formas triméricas 20,21. Estudios recientes también sugieren que la escisión afecta conformaciones resultantes Env en la exposición de los epítopos reconocidos principalmente por anticuerpos no neutralizantes 14,22,23. A continuación se describe en detalle un método que permite la determinación rápida y fácil de la conformación de celularmente-expresado Env trímeros 18,24-26. Después de la transfección transitoria de Env en una línea de células adherentes humana la unión de los anticuerpos de Env-específicos se detecta utilizando una reacción de quimioluminiscencia simple. Esta técnica también se puede utilizar para caracterizar la preferencia conformacional de conformación depen-anticuerpos abolladura. Por lo tanto, este ensayo proporciona un método robusto y altamente flexible de detección.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="605">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Name of Material/ Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">HOS cells</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CRL-1543</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">White Opaque Tissue Culture Plate, 96 well, Flat Bottom</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">BD</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">353296</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Polyethylenimine, linear, 25000 MW</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Polysciences</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">23966</td>
			<td>Prepared in 1mg/ml solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Dulbecco&#39;s Modified Eagle Medium</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">11995</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Goat Anti-Human IgG, Peroxidase Conjugated</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Pierce</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">31413</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Enhanced Chemiluminescence Substrate</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">PerkinElmer</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NEL105001EA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TriStar LB 941, Plate Reader</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Berthold Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

conformational evaluation of hiv-1 trimeric envelope glycoproteins using a cell-based elisa assay

HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env) mediate viral entry into target cells and are essential to the infectious cycle. Understanding how those glycoproteins are able to fuel the fusion process through their conformational changes could lead to the design of better, more effective immunogens for vaccine strategies. Here we describe a cell-based ELISA assay that allows studying the recognition of trimeric HIV-1 Env by monoclonal antibodies. Following expression of HIV-1 trimeric Env at the surface of transfected cells, conformation specific anti-Env antibodies are incubated with the cells. A horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody and a simple chemiluminescence reaction are then used to detect bound antibodies. This system is highly flexible and can detect Env conformational changes induced by soluble CD4 or cellular proteins. It requires minimal amount of material and no highly-specialized equipment or know-how. Thus, this technique can be established for medium to high throughput screening of antigens and antibodies, such as newly-isolated antibodies.

Usando el procedimiento general descrito anteriormente, se adaptó el protocolo para ensayar el impacto de CD4 soluble (sCD4) y CD4 celular coexpressed en la exposición de los epítopos CD4i en cualquiera de tipo salvaje (wt) o mutado Env, como se describió previamente 18,24, 25,28. La figura 1 representa esquemáticamente el procedimiento general y la exposición de epítopos CD4i después del tratamiento con sCD4 o por coexpresión de CD4 celular 18. En la Figura 2,</st...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Conformational Evaluation of HIV-1 Trimeric Envelope Glycoproteins Using a Cell-based ELISA Assay at JoVE.com

Conformational Evaluation of HIV-1 Trimeric Envelope Glycoproteins Using a Cell-based ELISA Assay

Evaluación conformacional del VIH-1 glicoproteínas de la envoltura trimérica El uso de un ELISA ensayo basado en células

Understanding viral surface antigens conformations is required to evaluate antibody neutralization and guide the design of effective vaccine immunogens. Here we describe a cell-based ELISA assay that allows the study of the recognition of trimeric HIV-1 Env expressed at the surface of transfected cells by specific anti-Env antibodies.

HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env) mediate viral entry into target cells and are essential to the infectious cycle. Understanding how those glycoproteins ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Specific Marking of HIV-1 Positive Cells using a Rev-dependent Lentiviral Vector Expressing the Green Fluorescent Protein

Marcado específico del VIH-1 células positivas utilizando un vector lentiviral Ap-dependientes que expresan la proteína verde fluorescente

Most of HIV-responsive expression vectors are based on the HIV promoter, the long terminal repeat (LTR). While responsive to an early HIV protein, Tat, ...

Investigación

Inmunología e Infección

Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3

Inferencia genotípica del VIH-1 tropismo utilizando la población basada en la secuencia de V3

Background: Prior to receiving a drug from CCR5-antagonist class in HIV therapy, a patient must undergo an HIV tropism test to confirm that his or her ...

Determination of Molecular Structures of HIV Envelope Glycoproteins using Cryo-Electron Tomography and Automated Sub-tomogram Averaging

Determinación de estructuras moleculares de glicoproteínas de la envoltura del VIH con Cryo-tomografía electrónica y automatizada promedio Sub-tomografía

Since its discovery nearly 30 years ago, more than 60 million people have been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (www.usaid.gov). The ...

Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage (Tropism) by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach

Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage Tropism by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach

Predicción del VIH-1 usos correceptor (tropismo) por análisis de secuencia utilizando un enfoque genotípica

Maraviroc (MVC) is the first licensed antiretroviral drug from the class of coreceptor antagonists. It binds to the host coreceptor CCR5, which is used by ...

In vitro Uncoating of HIV-1 Cores

In vitro Uncoating of HIV-1 Cores

En uncoating in vitro del VIH-1 Cores

The genome of the retroviruses is encased in a capsid surrounded by a lipid envelope. For lentiviruses, such as HIV-1, the conical capsid shell is ...

Imaging of HIV-1 Envelope-induced Virological Synapse and Signaling on Synthetic Lipid Bilayers

Imagen del VIH-1 sobre inducida sinapsis virológica y señalización en la bicapa lipídica sintéticas

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection occurs most efficiently via cell to cell transmission2,10,11. This cell to cell transfer between ...

Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.

Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.

La evaluación de la innata de detección de VIH-1 CD4 infectados<sup&gt; +</sup&gt; Células T por las células dendríticas plasmocitoides Usando un<em&gt; Ex vivo</em&gt; Co-cultura del sistema.

HIV-1 innate sensing requires direct contact of infected CD4+ T cells with plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). In order to study this process, the ...

Nucleocapsid Annealing-Mediated Electrophoresis (NAME) Assay Allows the Rapid Identification of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Inhibitors

Nucleocapsid Annealing-Mediated Electrophoresis NAME Assay Allows the Rapid Identification of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Inhibitors

El recocido mediada nucleocápside electroforesis (NOMBRE) ensayo permite la identificación rápida del VIH-1 inhibidores de la nucleocápside

RNA or DNA folded in stable tridimensional folding are interesting targets in the development of antitumor or antiviral drugs. In the case of HIV-1, viral ...

Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals

Aislamiento de exosomas del plasma de VIH-1 en individuos positivos

Exosomes are small vesicles ranging in size from 30 nm to 100 nm that are released both constitutively and upon stimulation from a variety of cell types. ...

Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy

Evaluación de la eficacia y la toxicidad de los ARN del VIH-1 Orientación de la producción para uso en terapia génica o de drogas

Small RNA therapies targeting post-integration steps in the HIV-1 replication cycle are among the top candidates for gene therapy and have the potential ...