Name: polyacrylamide gels for invadopodia and traction force assays on cancer cells
Uploaded: 2015-01-04T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Polyacrylamide Gels for Invadopodia and Traction Force Assays on Cancer Cells at JoVE.com

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1. Utarbeidelse av dekkglass for PaaS <ol><li> Clean 12 mm Dekk med lave lo våtservietter. </li><li> Flame de 12 mm Dekk og 14 mm dekkglass i mikro av hver 35 mm glassbunn fatet ved å føre dem gjennom en Bunsen-brenner flammen bruker pinsett. </li><li> Behandle mikrobrønnene med 200 ul 0,1 N NaOH i 5 minutter ved romtemperatur. </li><li> Aspirer og luft tørke mikrobrønnene i 30 min. </li><li> Behandle mikrobrønnene med 50-100 ul av 3-aminopropyltrimetoksysilan i 10 minutter ved romtemperatur i avtrekksskap. Den...

<ol>
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M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+tension+mounts:+mechanics+meets+morphogenesis+and+malignancy.">The tension mounts: mechanics meets morphogenesis and malignancy.</a> Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia. 9, 325-342 (2004).</li><li>Parekh, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sensing+and+modulation+of+invadopodia+across+a+wide+range+of+rigidities.">Sensing and modulation of invadopodia across a wide range of rigidities.</a> Biophysical. 100, 573-582 (2011).</li><li>Jerrell, R. J., Parekh, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cellular+traction+stresses+mediate+extracellular+matrix+degradation+by+invadopodia.">Cellular traction stresses mediate extracellular matrix degradation by invadopodia.</a> Acta biomaterialia. 10, 1886-1896 (2014).</li><li>Kraning-Rush, C. M., Califano, J. P., Reinhart-King, C. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cellular+traction+stresses+increase+with+increasing+metastatic+potential.">Cellular traction stresses increase with increasing metastatic potential.</a> PLoS ONE. 7, e32572 (2012).</li><li>Haage, A., Nam, D. H., Ge, X., Schneider, I. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Matrix+metalloproteinase-14+is+a+mechanically+regulated+activator+of+secreted+MMPs+and+invasion.">Matrix metalloproteinase-14 is a mechanically regulated activator of secreted MMPs and invasion.</a> Biochemical and biophysical research communications. , (2014).</li><li>Haage, A., Schneider, I. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cellular+contractility+and+extracellular+matrix+stiffness+regulate+matrix+metalloproteinase+activity+in+pancreatic+cancer+cells.">Cellular contractility and extracellular matrix stiffness regulate matrix metalloproteinase activity in pancreatic cancer cells.</a> FASEB J. , (2014).</li><li>Weaver, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Invadopodia:+specialized+cell+structures+for+cancer+invasion.">Invadopodia: specialized cell structures for cancer invasion.</a> Clinical &amp; experimental metastasis. 23, 97-105 (2006).</li><li>Weaver, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Invadopodia.">Invadopodia.</a> Curr Biol. 18, R362-364 (2008).</li><li>Bravo-Cordero, J. J., Hodgson, L., Condeelis, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Directed+cell+invasion+and+migration+during+metastasis.">Directed cell invasion and migration during metastasis.</a> Current opinion in cell biology. 24, 277-283 (2012).</li><li>Alexander, N. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extracellular+matrix+rigidity+promotes+invadopodia+activity.">Extracellular matrix rigidity promotes invadopodia activity.</a> Curr Biol. 18, 1295-1299 (2008).</li><li>Barlow, W. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prospective+breast+cancer+risk+prediction+model+for+women+undergoing+screening+mammography.">Prospective breast cancer risk prediction model for women undergoing screening mammography.</a> Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 98, 1204-1214 (2006).</li><li>Chen, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Projecting+absolute+invasive+breast+cancer+risk+in+white+women+with+a+model+that+includes+mammographic+density.">Projecting absolute invasive breast cancer risk in white women with a model that includes mammographic density.</a> Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 98, 1215-1226 (2006).</li><li>Butcher, D. T., Alliston, T., Weaver, V. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+tense+situation:+forcing+tumour+progression.">A tense situation: forcing tumour progression.</a> Nature reviews. Cancer. 9, 108-122 (2009).</li><li>Zaman, M. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Migration+of+tumor+cells+in+3D+matrices+is+governed+by+matrix+stiffness+along+with+cell-matrix+adhesion+and+proteolysis.">Migration of tumor cells in 3D matrices is governed by matrix stiffness along with cell-matrix adhesion and proteolysis.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103, 10889-10894 (2006).</li><li>Provenzano, P. P., Inman, D. R., Eliceiri, K. W., Keely, P. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Matrix+density-induced+mechanoregulation+of+breast+cell+phenotype,+signaling+and+gene+expression+through+a+FAK-ERK+linkage.">Matrix density-induced mechanoregulation of breast cell phenotype, signaling and gene expression through a FAK-ERK linkage.</a> Oncogene. 28, 4326-4343 (2009).</li><li>Munevar, S., Wang, Y., Dembo, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Traction+force+microscopy+of+migrating+normal+and+H-ras+transformed+3T3+fibroblasts.">Traction force microscopy of migrating normal and H-ras transformed 3T3 fibroblasts.</a> Biophysical journal. 80, 1744-1757 (2001).</li><li>Rosel, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Up-regulation+of+Rho/ROCK+signaling+in+sarcoma+cells+drives+invasion+and+increased+generation+of+protrusive+forces.">Up-regulation of Rho/ROCK signaling in sarcoma cells drives invasion and increased generation of protrusive forces.</a> Mol Cancer Res. 6, 1410-1420 (2008).</li><li>Indra, I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+in+vitro+correlation+of+mechanical+forces+and+metastatic+capacity.">An in vitro correlation of mechanical forces and metastatic capacity.</a> Phys Biol. 8, 015015 (2011).</li><li>Parekh, A., Weaver, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+cancer+invasiveness+by+the+physical+extracellular+matrix+environment.">Regulation of cancer invasiveness by the physical extracellular matrix environment.</a> Cell adhesion &amp; migration. 3, 288-292 (2009).</li><li>Weaver, A. M., Page, J. M., Guelcher, S. A., Parekh, A., Coutts, A. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Methods in Molecular Biology in Adhesion Protein Protocols. 1046, 171-189 (2013).</li><li>Samani, A., Zubovits, J., Plewes, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Elastic+moduli+of+normal+and+pathological+human+breast+tissues:+an+inversion-technique-based+investigation+of+169+samples).">Elastic moduli of normal and pathological human breast tissues: an inversion-technique-based investigation of 169 samples).</a> Physics in medicine and biology. 52, 1565-1576 (2007).</li><li>Wang, J. H., Lin, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cell+traction+force+and+measurement+methods.">Cell traction force and measurement methods.</a> Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology. 6, 361-371 (2007).</li><li>Dembo, M., Oliver, T., Ishihara, A., Jacobson, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Imaging+the+traction+stresses+exerted+by+locomoting+cells+with+the+elastic+substratum+method.">Imaging the traction stresses exerted by locomoting cells with the elastic substratum method.</a> Biophysical journal. 70, 2008-2022 (1996).</li><li>Dembo, M., Wang, Y. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stresses+at+the+cell-to-substrate+interface+during+locomotion+of+fibroblasts.">Stresses at the cell-to-substrate interface during locomotion of fibroblasts.</a> Biophysical journal. 76, 2307-2316 (1999).</li><li>Engler, A. J., Rehfeldt, F., Sen, S., Discher, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microtissue+elasticity:+measurements+by+atomic+force+microscopy+and+its+influence+on+cell+differentiation.">Microtissue elasticity: measurements by atomic force microscopy and its influence on cell differentiation.</a> Methods Cell Biol. 83, 521-545 (2007).</li><li>Kandow, C. E., Georges, P. C., Janmey, P. A., Beningo, K. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polyacrylamide+hydrogels+for+cell+mechanics:+steps+toward+optimization+and+alternative+uses.">Polyacrylamide hydrogels for cell mechanics: steps toward optimization and alternative uses.</a> Methods in cell biology. 83, 29-46 (2007).</li><li>Leach, J. B., Brown, X. Q., Jacot, J. G., Dimilla, P. A., Wong, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neurite+outgrowth+and+branching+of+PC12+cells+on+very+soft+substrates+sharply+decreases+below+a+threshold+of+substrate+rigidity.">Neurite outgrowth and branching of PC12 cells on very soft substrates sharply decreases below a threshold of substrate rigidity.</a> J Neural Eng. 4, 26-34 (2007).</li><li>Zhou, J., Kim, H. Y., Wang, J. H., Davidson, L. 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Vi presenterer en metode for å fabrikkere PaaS som kan brukes som grunnlag for invadopodia og trekkraft analyser for å korrelere invasive og kontraktile cellulære atferd. Mens PaaS har lenge vært brukt til å se på stivhet virkninger på celler og beregne trekkrefter 18,24,27, er den første til å utvikle parallelle analyser basert på PaaS med samme stivheter å korrelere invasive og kontraktile cellulære atferd i respons til matrise denne protokollen mekaniske egenskaper. Riktig aktivering glassene a...

Stivheten av tumorassosierte ECM har blitt identifisert som en betydelig faktor i å drive malign oppførsel ved å øke actomyosin kontraktilitet 1-3. Selv om denne effekten har primært blitt demonstrert med brystkreftceller, har matriksen stivhet blitt funnet å endre invasive egenskaper av celler avledet fra en rekke forskjellige krefttyper 4-8 som tyder på at tumor stivhet kan spille en rolle i andre typer kreft. Å trenge krysskoblede vev under invasiv migrasjon, kreftceller utnytte aktin rike selvklebende utstikkere kjent som invadopodia at lokalisere proteinaser å fokalt degradere ECM 9. Invadopodia anses et kjennetegn på invasive celler og har vært involvert i tumorcelle invasjon og metastase 10,11. Tidligere arbeid har vist at matrise stivhet kan regulere invadopodia tall og tilhørende ECM degradering 4,12 gjennom myosin II aktivitet og mechanosensitive proteiner 12. GittKorrelasjonen mellom tumor tetthet og kreft aggressivitet 13,14, antyder disse resultatene en mekanisme som kreftceller kan svare til stive tumorvev for å drive invasjon og metastase gjennom actomyosin kontraktilitet. In vitro ECM stivhet og in vivo vev tetthet er blitt vist å regulere invasiv opptreden av kreftceller 1,15-17. Mens actomyosin kontraktilitet synes å være viktig i denne prosessen, nåværende studier konflikt med hensyn til om metastatisk kapasitet er korrelert til økt eller redusert sammentrekkende krefter 6,18-20. Videre er det fortsatt ukjent om disse kreftene direkte megle invadopodia aktivitet 21. Vi har nylig funnet ut at kreftcelle kontraktile styrker var avhengig matrise stivhet og var prediktiv av ECM degradering av invadopodia 5. Disse resultatene tyder på at celle krefter kan spille en viktig rolle i cancerutvikling ved å mediere invadopodia activitet som reaksjon på de mekaniske egenskapene til tumormikromiljøet. For å korrelere invasive og kontraktile egenskaper kreftceller 5, endret vi en protokoll for å skape PaaS med ulike stivheter som tidligere ble brukt til å undersøke stivhet avhengig invadopodia aktivitet 4,12,22. Ved kjemisk tverrbinding human plasma fibronektin hele Paas, kan disse modifiserte hydrogeler kan brukes som grunnlag for både invadopodia og trekkraft assays for å sikre at celler opplevde de samme stivheter i begge forsøk 5. I invadopodia analyser, gir fibronektinet en naturlig bindende domene for gelatin å knytte kledde ECM til PaaS å oppdage matriksdegradering. I trekkraft analyser, gir fibronektinet en ligand for direkte cellular heft å påvise mikro forskyvninger som brukes til å beregne cellulære trekkrefter. Denne metoden gir det vi har kalt myk, hard,og stive PaaS som er bundet til glassbunn retter og har elastiske moduli, E, av 1023, 7307 og 22692 Pa 5 som består av alt av mekaniske egenskaper som er rapportert for normale og cancervev 23.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>281778</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acrylamide (40%)</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>161-0140</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acrylic acid NHS ester</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>A8060</td>
			<td>prepare fresh in fume hood 10 mg/ml in DMSO</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alexa Fluor 546 phalloidin</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>A22283</td>
			<td>can also use rhodamine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ammonium persulfate</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>161-0700</td>
			<td>prepare fresh 10% solution in 1X PBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Aqua Poly/Mount</td>
			<td>Polysciences</td>
			<td>18606</td>
			<td>use six drops to fill microwells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BIS (2%)</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>161-0142</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bovine serum albumin</td>
			<td>RPI</td>
			<td>A30075</td>
			<td>make 3% for blocking solution in 1X PBS and store in 4 &#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Coverslips (12 mm)</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>12-545-80</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>dialysis tubing</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>D9777</td>
			<td>pre-equilibrate in borate buffer for 15-30 min</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM</td>
			<td>Cellgro</td>
			<td>10-013-CV</td>
			<td>use to make invadopodia medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMSO</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>D8418</td>
			<td>use to make acrylic acid NHS ester solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Epidermal growth factor</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>PHG0311</td>
			<td>use to make invadopodia medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol</td>
			<td>PHARMCO-AAPER</td>
			<td>E200</td>
			<td>dilute with ultrapure water to 70%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FBS</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>SH30070.03</td>
			<td>use to make invadopodia medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FITC</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>F7250</td>
			<td>protect from light</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gelatin</td>
			<td>Polysciences</td>
			<td>00639</td>
			<td>typically make 10 ml of 1%sucrose/1% gelatin solution in PBS and store at 4 &#176;C (preheat PBS to dissolve gelatin easily)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glass bottom dishes (35 mm coverslips)</td>
			<td>MatTek</td>
			<td>P35G-0-14-C</td>
			<td>coverslips are uncoated</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glutaraldehyde (25%)</td>
			<td>Polysciences</td>
			<td>01909</td>
			<td>dilute with 1X PBS to 0.5%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-mouse Alexa Fluor 633 antibody&#160;</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>A21050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Human plasma fibronectin</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>33016-015</td>
			<td>add 5 ml of ultrapure water to make 1 mg/ml; aliquot in volumes based on use to avoid excessive freezing and thawing cycles</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KH2PO4</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>PX-1565-1</td>
			<td>use to make 10X PBS stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>mouse anti-cortactin 4F11 antibody&#160;</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>05-180</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Na2HPO4</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>SX-0720-1</td>
			<td>use to make 10X PBS stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>RPI</td>
			<td>S23020</td>
			<td>use to make 10X PBS stock and borate buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaOH (1 N)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S2770</td>
			<td>dilute with ultrapure water to 0.1 N</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nu-Serum (low-protein serum)</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>355500</td>
			<td>use to make invadopodia medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td>Acros</td>
			<td>416785000</td>
			<td>typically make 10% stock in 1X PBS, prepare in fume hood, and add a few ml of strong NaOH to dissolve paraformaldehyde easily then bring back to pH 7.4 with strong HCl)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS (sterile)</td>
			<td>Cellgro</td>
			<td>21-040-CV</td>
			<td>use for cell culture</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RPMI 1640</td>
			<td>Cellgro</td>
			<td>10-040-CV</td>
			<td>use to make invadopodia medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium borohydride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>452882</td>
			<td>prepare fresh in fume hood 1 mg/ml in 1X PBS&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>sodium metaborate tetrahydrate&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S0251</td>
			<td>use to make borate buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sucrose</td>
			<td>RPI</td>
			<td>S24060</td>
			<td>typically make 10 ml of 1%sucrose/1% gelatin solution in PBS and store at 4 &#176;C (preheat PBS to dissolve gelatin easily)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TEMED</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>161-0800</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Triton X-100</td>
			<td>Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td>A16046</td>
			<td>make 10% stock in 1X PBS and use as is for cell removal in traction force assay or dilute with 1X PBS for staining</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

polyacrylamide gels for invadopodia and traction force assays on cancer cells

Stive tumorvev har vært sterkt implisert i regulering av kreftcelle migrering og invasjon. Invasiv migrasjon gjennom tverrbundet vev er tilrettelagt av aktin rike fremspring kalt invadopodia at proteolytisk forringer ekstracellulære matrise (ECM). Invadopodia aktivitet har vist seg å være avhengig av ECM stivhet og kreftcelle kontraktile krefter som tyder på at stivhet signaler kan regulere disse subcellulære strukturer gjennom actomyosin kontraktilitet. Invasive og kontraktile egenskaper av kreftceller kan være korrelert in vitro ved hjelp invadopodia og trekkraft analyser basert på polyakrylamidgeler (PaaS) av ulike stivheter. Invasive og kontraktile egenskaper av kreftceller kan være korrelert in vitro ved hjelp invadopodia og trekkraft analyser basert på polyakrylamidgeler (PaaS) av ulike stivheter. Mens noen variasjoner mellom de to analysene finnes, protokoll er presentert her tilveiebringer en fremgangsmåte for å lage Paas thpå kan brukes i begge analysene og kan enkelt tilpasses til brukerens spesifikke biologiske og tekniske behov.

I invadopodia assay blir invadopodia vanligvis identifiseres ved colocalization av markører som aktin og cortactin ved punctate strukturer i cellelegemet (figur 1). Både aktivt nedbrytende og ikke-nedbrytende invadopodia kan telles og blir differensiert av om disse strukturene er colocalized sorte områder som mangler fluorescerende signal i FITC-merket fibronektin (figur 1). Invadopodia er manuelt tellet, og ECM nedbrytning per celle bestemmes ved manuelt terskel disse sorte områder...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Polyacrylamide Gels for Invadopodia and Traction Force Assays on Cancer Cells at JoVE.com

Polyacrylamide Gels for Invadopodia and Traction Force Assays on Cancer Cells

Mekanisk stivhet i svulsten mikromiljøet spiller en avgjørende rolle i å drive ondartet oppførsel ved å øke invadopodia aktivitet og actomyosin kontraktilitet. Ved hjelp av polyakrylamidgeler (Paas), kan invadopodia og trekkraft analyser anvendes for å studere de invasive og kontraktile egenskaper av kreftceller i respons til matrise stivhet.

Polyakrylamidgeler for Invadopodia og trekkraft Analyser på kreftceller

Rigid tumor tissues have been strongly implicated in regulating cancer cell migration and invasion. Invasive migration through cross-linked tissues is ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting

Behandling av primær hjernesvulst Tissue for Stem Cell Assays og Flow Sortere

Brain tumors are typically comprised of morphologically diverse cells that express a variety of neural lineage markers. Only a relatively small fraction ...

Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods

Isolasjon, karakterisering og Comparative Differensiering av Human tannpulpa stamceller hentet fra permanente tenner ved hjelp av to ulike metoder

Developing wisdom teeth are easy-accessible source of stem cells during the adulthood which could be obtained by routine orthodontic treatments. Human ...

Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133+ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma

Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133+ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma

Pasient avledet celle Kultur og Isolering av CD133<sup&gt; +</sup&gt; Antatte kreft stamceller fra melanom

Despite improved treatments options for melanoma available today, patients with advanced malignant melanoma still have a poor prognosis for ...

Formation of Human Prostate Epithelium Using Tissue Recombination of Rodent Urogenital Sinus Mesenchyme and Human Stem Cells

Dannelse av human prostata Epitel hjelp Tissue rekombinasjon av gnager Urogenitale Sinus mesenchyme og menneskelige stamceller

Progress in prostate cancer research is severely  limited by the availability of human-derived and hormone-na&iuml;ve model systems,  which limit our ...

Adaptation of Semiautomated Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) Assays for Clinical and Preclinical Research Applications

Adaptation of Semiautomated Circulating Tumor Cell CTC Assays for Clinical and Preclinical Research Applications

Tilpasning av semiautomated Sirkulasjons Tumor Cell (CTC) Analyser for klinisk og preklinisk forskning Applications

The majority of cancer-related deaths occur subsequent to the development of metastatic disease. This highly lethal disease stage is associated with the ...

Profiling of Estrogen-regulated MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer Cells

Profilering av Østrogen-regulerte MicroRNAs i brystkreftceller

Estrogen plays vital roles in mammary gland development and breast cancer progression. It mediates its function by binding to and activating the estrogen ...

Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples

Isolering av kreft stamceller fra menneskelige prostata kreft Samples

The cancer stem cell (CSC) model has been considerably revisited over the last two decades. During this time CSCs have been identified and directly ...

Method for Obtaining Primary Ovarian Cancer Cells From Solid Specimens

Metode for Innhenting av primær eggstokkreft celler fra solide Prøver

Reliable tools for investigating ovarian cancer initiation and progression are urgently needed. While the use of ovarian cancer cell lines remains a ...

Enrichment for Chemoresistant Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells from Human Cell Lines

Berikelse for kjemoresistent eggstokkreft stamceller fra humane cellelinjer

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a subset of slow cycling and undifferentiated cells that divide asymmetrically to generate highly proliferative, ...