Name: generation of car t cells for adoptive therapy in the context of glioblastoma standard of care
Uploaded: 2015-02-16T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of CAR T Cells for Adoptive Therapy in the Context of Glioblastoma Standard of Care at JoVE.com

The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Laura Johnson and Dr. Richard Morgan for providing the CAR retroviral construct. The authors also thank Giao Ngyuen for her assistance with dosimetry for whole brain irradiation. This work was supported by an NIH NCI grant 1R01CA177476-01.

Questo protocollo si basa su un disegno sperimentale in cui 10 topi vengono trattati con 10 7 CAR cellule T ciascuno. Ciò significa che saranno necessari 10 8 cellule CAR T; il rendimento dovrebbe essere sovrastimata da 5 x 10 7 -1 x 10 8 per conto per la perdita di redditività. Il protocollo che segue viene scalato per generare circa 200 x 10 6 cellule. Le cellule sono poi somministrati per via endovenosa al femminile C57BL / 6 topi con 9 giorni stabiliti singeni...

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La timeline trattamento qui descritto è stato progettato per modello standard clinico di cura e di sfruttare i suoi effetti per l&#39;automobile la terapia adottiva. AUTO dosi T cellulari, regimi di TMZ, e l&#39;amministrazione radioterapia possono essere modificati per aumentare in vivo l&#39;attività delle cellule T, lymphodepletion, e tumore uccisione. Regimi TMZ può essere aumentata per produrre mieloablazione host e una maggiore espansione delle cellule adoptively trasferiti 30. Inoltre, gli ...

Glioblastoma (GBM) è il tumore maligno al cervello primario più comune ed è invariabilmente fatale. La resezione chirurgica accoppiato con standard di non-specifica delle cure di chemioterapia e radioterapia non riesce ad eliminare completamente le cellule maligne, con conseguente prognosi infausta di meno di 15 mesi in pazienti affetti da questa malattia 1. Al contrario, l&#39;immunoterapia offre un metodo preciso per specifico le cellule tumorali, e quindi ha il potenziale per servire come piattaforma trattamento altamente efficace con un ridotto rischio di tossicità garanzie 2-4. Le cellule T progettati ex vivo per esprimere i recettori chimerici antigene (auto) offrono una strategia versatile per tumore immunoterapia. CAR vengono generati fondendo la regione variabile extracellulare di un anticorpo con la molecola di segnalazione uno o più cellule T intracellulare (s), al posto di un integrale complesso maggiore di istocompatibilità (MHC) -restricted recettore delle cellule T 5. Questo modo di anticorpi come att antigeneon permette cellule T antigene-specifiche reattivi per riconoscere e rispondere ad antigeni tumorali, in assenza di MHC e possono essere adattati per un antigene repertorio virtualmente infinita. Cellule T ingegnerizzate CAR contro una varietà di antigeni tumorali hanno dimostrato l&#39;efficacia preclinica e promessa eccezionale nella clinica 6-9. In particolare, nel contesto di GBM, un CAR piattaforma di cellule T di targeting di crescita epidermico recettore del fattore di variante III (EGFRvIII), una mutazione specifica per tumore espresso sulla superficie delle cellule del 10, ha dimostrato di prolungare la sopravvivenza in glioma-cuscinetto topi 11. Nonostante la loro versatilità, tuttavia, il beneficio clinico di CAR terapia adottiva non è stato pienamente realizzato, in parte a causa immunosoppressione associata al tumore e l&#39;evasione immune 12-16 e sfide nel creare e mantenere le cellule T antigene-specifiche in vivo. Sfruttando standard di cura (SOC) con immunoterapia può potenzialmente superare molti di questi limitazioni, con conseguente maggiore efficacia sia in ambito preclinico e clinico. SOC per la post-resezione GBM consiste di temozolomide alte dosi (TMZ), un DNA agente alchilante 17, e tutta l&#39;irradiazione cerebrale (WBI) 1. Questi trattamenti si presume di sinergizzare con i vaccini tumorali attraverso upregulation di tumore MHC espressione 18-20 e lo spargimento di antigeni da parte delle cellule tumorali morte 17,19,21,22. In effetti, l&#39;aggiunta di TMZ 20,23 o 18,24 WBI porta a una maggiore efficacia antitumorale dei trattamenti a base immunitaria nel setting preclinico. Inoltre, come molti chemioterapici citotossici non specifici, TMZ è noto per provocare 25,26 linfopenia sistemica, che può essere sfruttato come mezzo di accoglienza condizionata per le piattaforme di terapia adottivi 27-29. Lymphodepletion TMZ mediata ha dimostrato di aumentare la frequenza e la funzione delle cellule T antigene-specifiche, con conseguente maggiore efficacia di un ADOPPiattaforma terapia tive contro i tumori intracranici 30. Nel contesto della terapia CAR, lymphodepletion serve come mezzo di host-condizionata sia la riduzione del numero di cellule T soppressori endogena 31, e indurre proliferazione omeostatica 32 attraverso concorrenza ridotta per citochine 33, migliorando così l&#39;attività antitumorale 11,34. Dato il rapporto sinergico tra le piattaforme SOC e immunoterapia GBM, valutare nuove terapie adottivi e piattaforme vaccino nel contesto del SOC è fondamentale per trarre conclusioni significative per quanto riguarda l&#39;efficacia. In questo protocollo, delineiamo un metodo per la generazione e la somministrazione endovenosa di cellule murine CAR T specifiche per EGFRvIII accanto TMZ e WBI in topi portatori di tumori intracranici EGFRvIII-positivi (vedi Figura 1 per il trattamento temporale). Brevemente, le cellule T sono realizzati CAR ex vivo da trasduzione retrovirale. Rene embrionale umano (HEK) 293T cellule sono trasfettate con un complesso DNA / lipide (contenente il vettore CAR e plasmidi PCL-Eco) per produrre virus, che viene poi utilizzato per trasdurre splenociti murini attivate che vengono raccolte e coltivate in parallelo. Durante il corso della generazione CAR, ospita murine recanti tumori intracranici EGFRvIII-positivi vengono somministrati frazionata tutto il cervello a raggi X irradiazione e il trattamento sistemico TMZ a dosi paragonabili a SOC clinica. Cellule T auto sono poi consegnati per via endovenosa a host lymphodepleted. La seguente procedura è descritta in sette fasi distinte: (1) La somministrazione di Temozolomide per tumore Mice, (2) irradiazione cerebrale totale di topi tumore-cuscinetto, (3) Transfection, (4) La splenectomia e T cellule Preparazione, (5 ) trasduzione, (6) Cultura celle CAR T e Harvest, e (7) la somministrazione di cellule T di topi CAR tumore-cuscinetto. Queste fasi sono costituite da diversi passaggi che si estendono 6-7 giorni e sono state compiute contemporaneamente.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1130">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:384px;">Name of Material</td>
			<td style="width:172px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:125px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td style="width:449px;">Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pCL-Eco Retrovirus Packaging Vector</td>
			<td>Imgenex</td>
			<td>10045P</td>
			<td>Helper vector for generating CAR retrovirus</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Concanavalin A</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>C2010</td>
			<td>Non-specific mitogen to induce T cell proliferation and viral transduction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Retronectin</td>
			<td>ClonTech/Takara</td>
			<td>T100B</td>
			<td>Facilitates retroviral transduction of T cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Lipofectamine 2000</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11668-019</td>
			<td>Transfection reagent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DMEM, high glucose, pyruvate</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>11995-065</td>
			<td>HEK293 culture media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">RPMI 1640</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11875-093</td>
			<td>T cell culture media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Opti-MEM I Reduced Serum Medium</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>11058-021</td>
			<td>Transfection media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">200 mM L-Glutamine&#160;</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>25030-081</td>
			<td>T cell culture media supplement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">100 mM Sodium Pyruvate</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>11360-070</td>
			<td>T cell culture media supplement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">100X MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids Solution&#160;</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>11140-050</td>
			<td>T cell culture media supplement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">55 mM 2-Mercaptoethanol&#160;</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>21985-023</td>
			<td>Reducing agent to remove free radicals</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Penicillin-Streptomycin (10,000 U/mL)</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>15140-122</td>
			<td>T cell culture media supplement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Gentamicin (50 mg/mL)&#160;</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>15750-060</td>
			<td>T cell culture media supplement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">GemCell U.S. Origin Fetal Bovine Serum</td>
			<td>Gemini Bio Products</td>
			<td>100-500</td>
			<td>Provides growth factors and nutrients for in vitro cell growth&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), Fraction V&#8212;Standard&#160;Grade&#160;</td>
			<td>Gemini Bio Products</td>
			<td>700-100P</td>
			<td>Blocks non-specific binding of retrovirus to retronectin-coated plates</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Pharm Lyse (10X concentrate)&#160;</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>555899</td>
			<td>Lyses red blood cells during splenocyte processing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">70 &#181;m Sterile Cell Strainers</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>352350</td>
			<td>Filters away large tissue particles during splenocyte processing&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">100 mm BioCoat Culture Dishes with Poly-D-Lysine&#160;</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>356469</td>
			<td>Promotes HEK293 cell adhesion to maximize proliferation after transfection&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Temozolomide</td>
			<td>Best Pharmatech</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Lyophilized powder prepared on the day of administration</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Dimethyl Sulfoxide</td>
			<td>Sigma Life Sciences</td>
			<td>D2650</td>
			<td>Necessary for complete dissolution of temozolomide</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Saline</td>
			<td>Hospira</td>
			<td>IM 0132 (5/04)</td>
			<td>Solvent for temozolomide and ketamine/xylazine&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ketathesia HCl</td>
			<td>Henry Schein Animal Health</td>
			<td>11695-0701-1</td>
			<td>Ketamine solution&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">AnaSed</td>
			<td>Lloyd Inc</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Xylazine sterile solution 100 mg/mL&#160;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

generation of car t cells for adoptive therapy in the context of glioblastoma standard of care

Adoptive T cell immunotherapy offers a promising strategy for specifically targeting and eliminating malignant gliomas. T cells can be engineered ex vivo to express chimeric antigen receptors specific for glioma antigens (CAR T cells). The expansion and function of adoptively transferred CAR T cells can be potentiated by the lymphodepletive and tumoricidal effects of standard of care chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We describe a method for generating CAR T cells targeting EGFRvIII, a glioma-specific antigen, and evaluating their efficacy when combined with a murine model of glioblastoma standard of care. T cells are engineered by transduction with a retroviral vector containing the anti-EGFRvIII CAR gene. Tumor-bearing animals are subjected to host conditioning by a course of temozolomide and whole brain irradiation at dose regimens designed to model clinical standard of care. CAR T cells are then delivered intravenously to primed hosts. This method can be used to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of CAR T cells in the context of standard of care.

Cellule T CAR sono generati dalla trasduzione con il EGFRvIII CAR vettore retrovirale 11. Questo vettore, MSGV1, è stato sviluppato dal vettore SFGtcLuc_ITE4 35, che contiene il virus cellule staminali murine (MSCV) lunghe ripetizioni terminali, la estesa regione gag e sito di splicing busta (splice donatore, sd, e splice accettore, sa), e virale Segnale di imballaggio (ψ). Il CAR EGFRvIII contenente l&#39;anti-EGFRvIII catena singola frammento umano variabile (scFv) 139, in tandem con CD8TM muri...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of CAR T Cells for Adoptive Therapy in the Context of Glioblastoma Standard of Care at JoVE.com

Generation of CAR T Cells for Adoptive Therapy in the Context of Glioblastoma Standard of Care

The lymphodepletive and immunomodulatory effects of chemotherapy and radiation standard of care can be leveraged to enhance the antitumor efficacy of T cell immunotherapy. We outline a method for generating EGFRvIII-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and administering them in the context of glioblastoma standard of care.

Generazione di cellule CAR T per adottiva terapia nel contesto di Glioblastoma standard di cura

Adoptive T cell immunotherapy offers a promising strategy for specifically targeting and eliminating malignant gliomas. T cells can be engineered ex vivo ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Retroviral Transduction of T-cell Receptors in Mouse T-cells

Trasduzione retrovirale di recettori delle cellule T nel topo le cellule T

T-cell receptors (TCRs) play a central role in the immune system. TCRs on T-cell surfaces can specifically recognize peptide antigens presented by antigen ...

Ricerca

Immunologia e infezioni

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Generazione di Multivirus-cellule T specifiche per prevenire / curare infezioni virali dopo trapianto allogenico di cellule staminali ematopoietiche

Viral infections cause morbidity and mortality in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. We and others have successfully ...

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Na&iuml;ve and Memory T Cells

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Na&#239;ve and Memory T Cells

Generazione di cellule T regolatrici indotte da cellule primarie umane T naive e memoria

The development and maintenance of immunosuppressive CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) contribute to the peripheral tolerance needed to remain in ...

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

piggyBac Transposon modifica del sistema di cellule primarie umane T

The piggyBac transposon system is naturally active, originally derived from the cabbage looper moth1,2. This non-viral system is plasmid based, most ...

Peptide:MHC Tetramer-based Enrichment of Epitope-specific T cells

Peptide: MHC Tetramero basata Arricchimento di epitopi specifici per cellule T

A  basic necessity for researchers studying adaptive immunity with in vivo experimental models is an  ability to identify T cells based on their T cell ...

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells

Accelerated diabete di tipo 1 nei topi induzione trasferimento adottivo di cellule CD4 + T Cells diabetogenici

The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops autoimmune diabetes after 12 weeks of age and is the most extensively studied animal model of ...

Assessing the Development of Murine Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Peyer's Patches Using Adoptive Transfer of Hematopoietic Progenitors

Valutare lo sviluppo delle cellule murine plasmocitoidi dendritiche in placche del Peyer Utilizzando trasferimento adottivo di ematopoietiche Progenitori

This protocol details a method to analyze the ability of purified hematopoietic progenitors to generate plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) in intestinal ...

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Generazione di Human alloantigene-specifiche cellule T da sangue periferico

The study of human T lymphocyte biology often involves examination of responses to activating ligands. T cells recognize and respond to processed peptide ...

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice

Induzione di Murine infiammazione intestinale per trasferimento adottivo di Effector CD4<sup&gt; +</sup&gt; CD45RB<sup&gt; Alto</sup&gt; T Cells in topi immunodeficienti

There are many different animal models available for studying the pathogenesis of human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), each with its own advantages ...

Automated Cell Enrichment of Cytomegalovirus-specific T cells for Clinical Applications using the Cytokine-capture System

Arricchimento cellulare automatizzata di Citomegalovirus specifici linfociti T per le applicazioni cliniche che utilizzano il sistema di citochine cattura

The adoptive transfer of pathogen-specific T cells can be used to prevent and treat opportunistic infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection ...