Name: use of the open field maze to measure locomotor and anxiety-like behavior in mice
Uploaded: 2015-02-06T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of the Open Field Maze to Measure Locomotor and Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice at JoVE.com

This work was supported by The National Institute of Health (NIH-2RO1NS033661) and by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station (HATCH ALA021-1-09017).

NOT: Burada yapılan tüm işlemler sunulan ve onaylanan IACUC (Araştırma Uyum Ofisi) tarafından ve NIH yönergeleri izleyerek yapılmıştır bulundu. Davranışsal testler paradigma kullanılır Fareler naif ve diğer testler için kullanılan değildi. Bu protokolde kullanılan, C57BL / 6 vahşi tipli ve olmayan fareler 9 daha önce tarif edilmiş ve burada sunulan veriler bu yazıda vardır. Test Odası ve Açık Alan Aparatı 1. Hazırlık <ol><li> Dört aktivitesi odada...

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Açık Alan Labirent hayvan davranış çalışmalarda en yaygın kullanılan platformlardan biridir. Önemli genel ve etiyolojik parametreleri 2,4 çok sayıda toplanmış ve OFM uygulanması sırasında analiz edilebilir. Bu veriler araştırmacı anksiyete ile ilgili duygusal davranışlar 8 genel lokomotor aktivite arasında değişen davranışlarını ölçmek için izin verir. Ancak, OFM kullanımı, eksiklikler olmadan değildir. Bir karıştırıcı konu herhangi bir test oturumu sırasın...

The Open Field Maze (OFM) was initially developed in 1934 as a test to measure emotionality in rodents1. It has attained the status of being one of the most widely used measures of behavior in animal psychology2. It provides an easy and fairly rapid assessment of well-defined behaviors requiring no training to the test subject and little to no specialized training for the human administering the test. These attributes have led to wide-spread use of the open field maze in research extended to other animal species such as calves, pigs, rabbits, primates, honeybees and lobsters3. Part of its popularity arises from the fact that the psychological and physiological concepts underlying the tests are generally straight-forward and well understood. For example, it has been postulated that evolutionary forces have selected for a common response in animals such that most species display anxiety-mediated fear or flight responses to specific stimuli. Rodents for example, show distinct aversions to large, brightly lit, open and unknown environments4. We can assume they have been phylogenetically conditioned to see these types of environments as dangerous. All of these features are incorporated in the open field maze and form the basis of its use in behavioral paradigm testing.
An open field maze consists of a wall-enclosed area that is of sufficient height to prevent the subject from escaping. Typical maze shapes are circular or square with an area large enough, based on the size of the subject tested, to elicit a feeling of openness in the center of the maze. A number of variables can be scored in the open field maze with most parameters involving differing types of motor activity2. Ambulation is the most common behavior studied but others such as latency or rearing can also be measured. Most often, rodent behavior is analyzed in a bare maze. However, the addition of objects, either one or many to the maze floor, adds the ability to see how the subject interacts with novel additional stimuli2. Relevant parameters when objects are presented are typically the number of approaches to an object or in some cases, preference or aversion for one object over another.
Many behavioral tests of anxiety are based on the subject animal&#8217;s body activity and locomotion5. Interpreting behavioral tests for emotionality while separating non-emotional confounding factors, such as motor activity, has been the subject of intense debate6,7. As the OFM was originally described, two measures of emotionality can be deduced, locomotor activity and fecal boli deposits or defecation1. However, these two measures have been shown in some studies to be unrelated supporting the conclusion that emotionality in rodents is multidimensional5. Regardless, discrepancies in the literature regarding these measures and emotionality or anxiety in mouse models may be attributed to differences in analysis criteria or differences in testing procedures. Studies have conclusively linked results from OFM analysis with other measures of anxiety when comparing mouse models8.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="631">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:160px;">Multi Unit Open Field Test</td>
			<td style="width:171px;">San Diego Instruments, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:109px;">White 7001-0354</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Any single or multi unit open field maze can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:160px;">SMART DT Tracking Software</td>
			<td style="width:171px;">PanLab/Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:109px;">76-0695</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Any tracking software can be utilized with this protocol</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:160px;">Sony 990x Video Camera Recorder</td>
			<td style="width:171px;">Sony</td>
			<td style="width:109px;">CCD-TRV328</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Any suitable video camera can be attached to computer for recording tracking profiles.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

use of the open field maze to measure locomotor and anxiety-like behavior in mice

Animal models have proven to be invaluable to researchers trying to answer questions regarding the mechanisms of behavior. The Open Field Maze is one of the most commonly used platforms to measure behaviors in animal models. It is a fast and relatively easy test that provides a variety of behavioral information ranging from general ambulatory ability to data regarding the emotionality of the subject animal. As it relates to rodent models, the procedure allows the study of different strains of mice or rats both laboratory bred and wild-captured. The technique also readily lends itself to the investigation of different pharmacological compounds for anxiolytic or anxiogenic effects. Here, a protocol for use of the open field maze to describe mouse behaviors is detailed and a simple analysis of general locomotor ability and anxiety-related emotional behaviors between two strains of C57BL/6 mice is performed. Briefly, using the described protocol we show Wild Type mice exhibited significantly less anxiety related behaviors than did age-matched Knock Out mice while both strains exhibited similar ambulatory ability.

çoğu durumda, test edilmiş farelerin suş başına kişilerin ortalama sayısı yeterli istatistiksel önemi oluşturmak için yaklaşık 20&#39;dir. Yine de bu sayı fare durumuna bağlı olarak 8-30 aralığı içinde olabilmektedir. Gerekli ölçüm veya karşılaştırmalar bağlı olarak, aynı zamanda, aynı yaştaki resimleri kullanmak tercih edilir. Açık Alan Maze ölçmek için ilk ve belki de en önemli özel parametre toplam ayaktan mesafedir. Ölçüm birimi karşılaştırm...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of the Open Field Maze to Measure Locomotor and Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice at JoVE.com

Use of the Open Field Maze to Measure Locomotor and Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice

A protocol is provided to use an Open Field Maze to access general locomotor activity, anxiety and emotionality in a laboratory mouse model.

Açık Alan Maze Kullanım Fare lokomotor ve Anksiyete-benzeri Davranışı Tedbir

Animal models have proven to be invaluable to researchers trying to answer questions regarding the mechanisms of behavior. The Open Field Maze is one of ...

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Shallow Water Paddling Variants of Water Maze Tests in Mice

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When Richard Morris devised his water maze in 19817, most behavioral work was done in rats. However, the greater understanding of mouse genetics led to ...

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Working and reference memory are commonly assessed using the land based radial arm maze.&#160;However, this paradigm requires pretraining, food ...

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İskelet Kası Hastalıkları Açık Saha Aktivite İzleme Sisteminin Kullanılması Davranış ve Hareket Ölçümleri

The open field activity monitoring system comprehensively assesses locomotor and behavioral activity levels of mice. It is a useful tool for assessing ...

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Dikkat Seti Değişen Görev: Farelerde Bilişsel Esneklik bir ölçün

Cognitive impairment, particularly involving dysfunction of circuitry within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), represents a core feature of many ...

Place and Response Learning in the Open-field Tower Maze

Açık alanda Kulesi Maze yerleştirmek ve Yanıt Öğrenme

This protocol describes how the Open-field Tower Maze (OFTM) paradigm is used to study spatial learning in rodents. This maze is especially useful for ...

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Captive-rearing observations are valuable for revealing aspects of fish behavior and ecology when continuous field investigations are impossible. Here, a ...

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Hemisferik motive dikkat farklılıkları ölçmek için duygusal görüntüleri Merkezi ve bölünmüş görme alanı tanıtımı

Two dominant theories on lateralized processing of emotional information exist in the literature. One theory posits that unpleasant emotions are processed ...

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Hayvan kaygı Rat test: açık kol çıkıntıları ve kapalı kol etkileri duvar yükseltilmiş şeffaflık artı labirent testi

The elevated plus maze test is a behavioral test for assessing animal anxiety in rodents. Although this test is widely applied in the field of behavioral ...

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Kayma öğrenme ve Barnes labirent ve sıkıntı içinde küçük hanım paradigmalar kullanılarak farelerde Prosocial davranış analiz

The Barnes maze is a reliable measure of spatial learning and memory that does not require food restriction or exposure to extremely stressful stimuli. ...