Name: direct protein delivery to mammalian cells using cell-permeable cys2-his2 zinc-finger domains
Uploaded: 2015-03-25T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Direct Protein Delivery to Mammalian Cells Using Cell-permeable Cys2-His2 Zinc-finger Domains at JoVE.com

Este trabalho foi financiado pelos Institutos Nacionais de Saúde (DP1CA174426 para Carlos F. Barbas) e da Universidade ShanghaiTech, Shanghai, China (a JL). Gráficos moleculares foram gerados utilizando pymol.

1. Clonagem <ol><li> Obter de dois dedos domínios ZIF substituído por alanina que foram sub-clonados no sistema de expressão vector pET-28 e estão disponíveis mediante pedido (PET-2F-ZiF). 34 </li><li> EmGFP amplificar por PCR a partir do plasmídeo pBAD-esmeralda com os iniciadores 5 &#39;Xmal-EmGFP (3-ATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTTCAC 5&#39;-GGAAATTG CCCGGG&#39;; sítio Xmal em negrito) e 3 &#39;Saci-EmGFP (5&#39;-CGGATCT GAGCTC TTACTTGTACAGCTCGTCCATGCCGAG-3&#39...

<ol>
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T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polyarginine+as+a+multifunctional+fusion+tag.">Polyarginine as a multifunctional fusion tag.</a> Protein Sci. 14, 1538-1544 (2005).</li><li>Mai, J. C., Shen, H., Watkins, S. C., Cheng, T., Robbins, P. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficiency+of+protein+transduction+is+cell+type-dependent+and+is+enhanced+by+dextran+sulfate.">Efficiency of protein transduction is cell type-dependent and is enhanced by dextran sulfate.</a> J. Biol. 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Aqui, um protocolo passo-a-passo para a entrega de proteína utilizando dedo de zinco (ZiF) domínios de células-permeável é apresentado. O domínio ZiF não reduz a atividade de carga enzimática fundido 34; permite a produção e purificação de proteínas em rendimentos quase idênticos aos observados com a proteína não modificada; e pode transportar proteínas e enzimas para uma ampla gama de tipos de células, com as eficiências que excedem os sistemas tradicionais de penetração de células de p...

Altamente estratégias de fornecimento de proteína eficientes e versáteis são críticos para muitos pesquisa básica e aplicações terapêuticas. A entrega directa das proteínas purificadas em células representa um dos métodos mais seguros e mais fáceis para alcançar este objectivo. 1,2 Ao contrário das estratégias que dependem de expressão de genes de ácidos nucleicos, 3-5 entrega proteína não apresenta nenhum risco de mutagénese de inserção, é independente do transcrição / máquinas e tradução celular permite um efeito imediato. No entanto, a falta de métodos simples e generalizáveis ​​para dotar a atividade de penetração celular para proteínas confunde rotineiramente sua entrada direta nas células. Os métodos actuais para facilitar a entrega intracelular de proteínas são baseadas no uso de ocorrência natural ou 6-8 concebidos de penetração de células, péptidos 9-12 domínios de transdução de sobrealimentação, 13,14 nanopartículas 15, 16 e lipossomas partículas semelhantes a vírus 17,18 </sup&gt; e materiais de microesferas poliméricas. 19 Infelizmente, muitas dessas abordagens são dificultados pelas taxas de captação celular baixos, 20,21 pobre estabilidade, 22 inadvertida tipo de célula de especificidade, 23 propriedades de escape baixo endossomais 24 e toxicidade. 25 Além disso, muitos proteína tecnologias de transdução de reduzir a bioactividade das proteínas entregues 14. O nosso laboratório demonstrou anteriormente que zinc-finger nuclease proteínas (ZFN) - endonucleases de restrição quimérico que consiste de uma Cys His 2 2 zinc-finger programável proteína de ligação a ADN e domínio de clivagem da endonuclease de restrição FokI 26-28 - são inerentemente célula.dia permeável. 29 Esta actividade de penetração celular surpreendente mostrou ser uma propriedade intrínseca do domínio dedo-de-zinco personalizados, com uma plataforma de ligação de ADN que surgiu como uma ferramenta poderosa para o genoma segmentado enengenha-, 30-32 e ser considerada como o resultado da constelação de seis resíduos carregados positivamente na superfície da proteína. De facto, várias proteínas de ligação de ADN, incluindo c-Jun e N-DEK foram mostrados para possuir uma capacidade inata para atravessar as membranas celulares. 33 Mais recentemente, no nosso laboratório expandido estes resultados e demonstraram que a actividade da célula de penetração de zinco finger (ZIF) da domínios poderia ser aproveitado para a entrega de proteínas intracelulares. Fusão genética de ambos domínios ZIF de um ou dois dedos para carga proteína específica levou a absorção eficiências que superaram muitos sistemas de entrega de peptídeos convencionais de penetração celular. 34 Mais notavelmente, entrega ZiF mediada não comprometeu a atividade de carga enzimática fundido e facilitado altos níveis de entrega cytosolic. Colectivamente, estes resultados demonstram o potencial do domínio ZiF para facilitar a entrega eficiente e fácil de proteínas, e potencialmente mais diversos tipos de macromoléculas, em células. Aqui, um protocolo detalhado passo-a-passo sobre como implementar a tecnologia ZiF para entrega de proteína em células de mamíferos é apresentada. Nós previamente construído um conjunto de um, dois, três, quatro, cinco e seis domínios dedo-Zif que não possuem a capacidade de se ligar ao ADN, devido a substituição de cada um dos resíduos de ligação ao ADN de hélice α, mas são capazes de fornecer proteínas em células 34 (Figura 1). A produção e a transdução de esmeralda GFP (EmGFP) em células HeLa usando um domínio ZiF de dois dedos é descrito. Este protocolo é extensível para quase qualquer proteína solúvel capaz de expressão em Escherichia coli e quase qualquer tipo de células de mamíferos. Os resultados esperados são fornecidos e estratégias para maximizar o desempenho do sistema também são discutidos.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>XmaI</td>
			<td>New England Biolabs</td>
			<td>R0180L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SacI</td>
			<td>New England Biolabs</td>
			<td>R0156L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Expand High Fidelity PCR system</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>11759078001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>dNTPs</td>
			<td>New England Biolabs</td>
			<td>N0446S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-20% Tris-Glycine Mini protein gels, 1.5 mm, 10 wells</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>EC6028BOX</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2x Laemmli Sample Buffer</td>
			<td>BioRad</td>
			<td>161-0737</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>T4 DNA Ligase</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>15224-017</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BL21 (DE3) Competent E. coli</td>
			<td>New England Biolabs</td>
			<td>C2527I</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>IPTG</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>R0391</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Zinc Chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>208086-5G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kanamycin Sulfate</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>BP906-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glucose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>G8270-100G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tris Base</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>BP152-25</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium Chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S9888-25G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DTT</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>PR-V3151&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PMSF</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>36978</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ni-NTA Agarose Resin</td>
			<td>QIAGEN</td>
			<td>30210</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glycerol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>G5516-500ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Imidazole</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>I5513-25G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Amicon Ultra-15 Centrifugal Filter Units</td>
			<td>EMO Millipore</td>
			<td>UFC900324</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11966-025</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal Bovine Serum</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>10437-028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Antibiotic-Antimycotic&#160;</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>15240-062</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>24-Well Flat Bottom Plate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>CLS3527-100EA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Poly-Lysine</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P7280</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DPBS, No Calcium, No Magnesium</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>21600010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heparan Sulfate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>H4777</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>25300054</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hela cells</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>CCL-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nano Drop ND-1000 spectrophotometer&#160;</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>QIAquick PCR Purification Kit</td>
			<td>QIAGEN</td>
			<td>28104</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit</td>
			<td>QIAGEN</td>
			<td>28704</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

direct protein delivery to mammalian cells using cell-permeable cys2-his2 zinc-finger domains

Due to their modularity and ability to be reprogrammed to recognize a wide range of DNA sequences, Cys2-His2 zinc-finger DNA-binding domains have emerged as useful tools for targeted genome engineering. Like many other DNA-binding proteins, zinc-fingers also possess the innate ability to cross cell membranes. We recently demonstrated that this intrinsic cell-permeability could be leveraged for intracellular protein delivery. Genetic fusion of zinc-finger motifs leads to efficient transport of protein and enzyme cargo into a broad range of mammalian cell types. Unlike other protein transduction technologies, delivery via zinc-finger domains does not inhibit enzyme activity and leads to high levels of cytosolic delivery. Here a detailed step-by-step protocol is presented for the implementation of zinc-finger technology for protein delivery into mammalian cells. Key steps for achieving high levels of intracellular zinc-finger-mediated delivery are highlighted and strategies for maximizing the performance of this system are discussed.

Dois dedos de proteínas de fusão ZiF-EmGFP pode ser expresso em E. coli com&gt; 95% de homogeneidade e rendimentos elevados (&gt; 25 mg / ml) (Figura 2). Em geral, de um e de dois dedos proteínas de fusão ZiF pode ser produzido em quantidades quase idênticas às de proteína não modificada tipo selvagem. No entanto, em alguns contextos, as proteínas de fusão ZiF cinco e seis dedos não são capazes de ser produzidos em rendimentos elevados o suficiente para aplicações a jusante. <...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Direct Protein Delivery to Mammalian Cells Using Cell-permeable Cys2-His2 Zinc-finger Domains at JoVE.com

Direct Protein Delivery to Mammalian Cells Using Cell-permeable Cys2-His2 Zinc-finger Domains

Domínios dedo-de-zinco são intrinsecamente célula-permeável e capaz de mediar a entrega de proteína em uma ampla gama de tipos de células de mamíferos. Aqui, um protocolo detalhado passo-a-passo para a implementação da tecnologia de dedo de zinco para a entrega intracelular de proteínas é apresentada.

Entrega Protein direto para células de mamíferos utilizando células-permeável Cys<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt; -His<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt; Domínios zinc-finger

Due to their modularity and ability to be reprogrammed to recognize a wide range of DNA sequences, Cys2-His2 zinc-finger DNA-binding domains have emerged ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Direct Protein Delivery to Mammalian Cells Using Cell-permeable Cys2-His2 Zinc-finger Domains

Long-term Imaging Mammalian Cells using Wide-Field Microscopy

Longo prazo células de mamíferos utilizando imagens do Largo-Campo Microscopia

Biologia

Trypsinizing and Subculturing Mammalian Cells

Trypsinizing e Subcultura células de mamíferos

As cells reach confluency, they must be subcultured or passaged. Failure to subculture confluent cells results in reduced mitotic index and eventually in ...

Engineering Cell-permeable Protein

Engenharia de Proteínas Cell-permeáveis

The protein transduction technique enables the direct delivery of biologically active material into mammalian cells [for review see 1,2]. For this one can ...

Using the GELFREE 8100 Fractionation System for Molecular Weight-Based Fractionation with Liquid Phase Recovery

Usando o sistema de fracionamento GELFREE 8100 para Fracionamento baseada no peso molecular com Recovery Fase Líquida

The GELFREE 8100 Fractionation System is a novel protein fractionation system designed to maximize protein recovery during molecular weight based ...

Genome Editing with CompoZr Custom Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs)

Genome Editing with CompoZr Custom Zinc Finger Nucleases ZFNs

Genoma Edição com CompoZr personalizados Nucleases dedo de zinco (ZFNs)

Genome editing is a powerful technique that can be used to elucidate gene function and the genetic basis of disease. Traditional gene editing methods such ...

siRNA Screening to Identify Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-like System Regulators of Biological Pathways in Cultured Mammalian Cells

Screening siRNA identificar Ubiquitin e ubiquitina-como reguladores do sistema de caminhos biológicos em células de mamíferos cultivadas

Post-translational modification of proteins with ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like molecules (UBLs) is emerging as a dynamic cellular signaling network that ...

Identification of Protein Interaction Partners in Mammalian Cells Using SILAC-immunoprecipitation Quantitative Proteomics

Identificação de parceiros de interação de proteínas em células de mamíferos utilizando SILAC-imunoprecipitação quantitativos Proteômica

Quantitative proteomics combined with immuno-affinity purification, SILAC immunoprecipitation, represent a powerful means for the discovery of novel ...

Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Zinc-finger nucleases Gene maior focalização em células estaminais embrionárias humanas

One major limitation with current human embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation protocols is the generation of heterogeneous cell ...

Examination of Proteins Bound to Nascent DNA in Mammalian Cells Using  BrdU-ChIP-Slot-Western Technique

Exame de proteínas ligadas ao DNA em células de mamíferos Nascente usar a técnica de-BrdU-chip-Slot Ocidental

Histone deacetylases 1 and 2 (HDAC1,2) localize to the sites of DNA replication. In the previous study, using a selective inhibitor and a genetic ...

A Graphical User Interface for Software-assisted Tracking of Protein Concentration in Dynamic Cellular Protrusions

Uma interface de usuário gráfica para rastreamento assistido por software da concentração de proteínas em protrusões celulares dinâmicas

Filopodia are dynamic, finger-like cellular protrusions associated with migration and cell-cell communication. In order to better understand the complex ...