Name: generation of genetically modified organotypic skin cultures using devitalized human dermis
Uploaded: 2015-12-14T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Genetically Modified Organotypic Skin Cultures Using Devitalized Human Dermis at JoVE.com

Dit werk was supportedby de American Cancer Society Research Geleerden Grant (RSG-12-148-01-DDC) en de CIRM Basic Biologie Award (RB4-05779).

De menselijke huid protocol werd uitgevoerd in overeenstemming met de richtlijnen van de Universiteit van Californië, Research Ethics Committee van San Diego. Menselijke huid kan worden verkregen uit afgedankte chirurgische monsters of gekocht van de huid banken (huid bank is opgenomen in de Material / Equipment tabel). De locatie waar de huid afkomstig is van of leeftijd van de donor is niet kritisch voor de proef zolang de basaalmembraan zone proteïnen (collageen / laminine) in de dermis niet afgebr...

<ol>
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Genetische manipulatie in de menselijke huid organotypische kweken bieden vele voordelen vaak bestudeerd 2D-gekweekte cellen evenals muismodellen. 2D culturen missen de driedimensionale cel-cel en cel-extracellulaire matrix interacties in intacte weefsels en organen. Recente studies hebben ook gevonden enorme verschillen tussen 2D en 3D gekweekte huid kankercellen met de 3D-gekweekte cellen waaruit veel meer genexpressie gelijkenissen met primaire menselijke huidtumoren 16. Menselijke huid organotypische cult...

De menselijke epidermis is een gelaagd epitheel die aansluit op de onderliggende dermis door een extracellulaire matrix bekend als het basaal membraan zone.The epidermis niet alleen dient als een ondoordringbare barrière voor het verlies van vocht te voorkomen, maar ook als een eerste verdedigingslinie voor de bescherming lichaam van vreemde en giftige stoffen 1. De basale laag, die de diepste laag van de epidermis, bevat de epidermale stamcellen en progenitorcellen die tot de gedifferentieerde nageslacht dat de rest van de epidermis 2 te vormen. Epidermale stamcellen differentiëren ze migreren omhoog naar de eerste laag van gedifferentieerde cellen zogenaamde doornuitsteeksels laag 3 te vormen. In de doornuitsteeksels laag cellen zet de expressie van keratine 1 en 10, die vervolgens over een kracht om fysieke stress te weerstaan ​​van de gedifferentieerde lagen van de epidermis. Aangezien de doornuitsteeksels laag cellen verder te differentiëren, zij omhoog bewegen in de epidermis voorm de granulaire laag die wordt gekenmerkt door de vorming van keratohyalin en lamellaire korrels en structurele eiwitten die onder de plasmamembraan worden geassembleerd. Aangezien de cellen doorgaan in het differentiatieproces, de eiwitten onder de plasmamembraan zijn verknoopt met elkaar, terwijl de lamellaire korrels geëxtrudeerd uit de cellen van een lipide rijke barrière genoemd stratum corneum 4 vormen. Ziekten die veranderingen in epidermale differentiatie en effect ~ 20% van de bevolking 5 betrekken. Aldus begrip van de mechanismen van dit proces van groot belang. Omdat manifestatie van veel van deze ziekten is afhankelijk cel-cel- of cel-matrix contact zijn organotypische kweken waarbij de menselijke epidermis wordt gereconstitueerd in een 3D-omgeving gecreëerd 6-10. Deze methoden omvatten meestal het gebruik van primaire of getransformeerde keratinocyten gezaaid op extracellulaire matrix zoals gedevitaliseerde mensdermis, Matrigel of collageen. Om gen regulerende mechanismen die belangrijk zijn in de epidermale en differentiatie zijn te begrijpen, kunnen keratinocyten genetisch gemanipuleerd worden door middel van retrovirale vectoren om knockdown of overexpressie van genen in 2D cultuur en vervolgens opnieuw in 3D. Deze methoden zijn uitgebreid gebruikt om genen betrokken bij epidermale stamcellen en cellen zelfvernieuwing en differentiatie alsmede progressie naar neoplasie 11-21 karakteriseren. Hier wordt een diepgaand protocol over genexpressie in de epidermis organotypische kweken veranderen door het gebruik van retrovirussen ontvangen.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Human skin</td>
			<td>New York Firefighters Skin Bank</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.cornellsurgery.org/pro/services/burn-surgery/skin-bank.html">http://www.cornellsurgery.org/pro/services/burn-surgery/skin-bank.html</a></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PEN/STREP</td>
			<td>GIBCO</td>
			<td>15140-122</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>amphotropic phoenix cell lines</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>CRL-3213</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FUGENE 6 transfection reagent</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>E2691</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Keratinocyte Media (KCSFM)</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>17005042</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM</td>
			<td>GIBCO</td>
			<td>11995</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ham&#39;s F12</td>
			<td>Cambrex</td>
			<td>12-615F</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FBS</td>
			<td>GIBCO</td>
			<td>10437-028</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Adenine</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A-9795</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cholera Toxin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>&#160;C-8052</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hydrocortisone</td>
			<td>Calbiochem</td>
			<td>3896</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Insulin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>I-1882</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EGF</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>13247-051</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transferrin&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T-0665</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Serologicals</td>
			<td>89-001-1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>cautery</td>
			<td>Bovie Medical Corporation</td>
			<td>AA01</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Matrigel</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>354234</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Keratin 1 antibody</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>PRB-149P</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>square pegs</td>
			<td>Arts and crafts stores</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>human neonatal keratinocytes</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>PCS-200-010</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>human neonatal keratinocytes</td>
			<td>Cell Applications</td>
			<td>102K-05n</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MSCV retroviral vector</td>
			<td>Clontech</td>
			<td>634401</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LZRS retroviral vector</td>
			<td>Addgene</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>pSuper.Retro.Puro Retroviral vector</td>
			<td>Oligoengine</td>
			<td>VEC-PRT-0002&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>hexadimethrine bromide&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>H9268-5G</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

generation of genetically modified organotypic skin cultures using devitalized human dermis

Organotypische kweken kan de reconstructie van een 3D-omgeving essentieel voor cel-cel contact en cel-matrix interacties die de functie en fysiologie van hun tegenhangers in vivo weefsel nabootst. Dit wordt geïllustreerd door organotypische huid culturen die trouw recapituleert de epidermale differentiatie en gelaagdheid programma. Primaire menselijke epidermale keratinocyten genetisch manipuleerbaar door middel van retrovirussen, waar genen gemakkelijk kan worden tot overexpressie gebracht of neergehaald. Deze genetisch gemodificeerde keratinocyten kan vervolgens worden toegepast om menselijke epidermis in organotypische kweken huid die een krachtige model te bestuderen genetische pathways beïnvloedende epidermale, differentiatie en ziekteprogressie regenereren. De hier gepresenteerde protocollen beschrijven werkwijzen voor devitalized menselijke dermis bereiden en genetisch manipuleren van primaire humane keratinocyten om organotypische kweken skin genereren. Geregenereerde menselijke huid kan worden gebruikt in stroomafwaartseeam toepassingen zoals genexpressie profiling, immunokleuring en chromatine immunoprecipitaties gevolgd door high throughput sequencing. Aldus zal genereren van deze genetisch gemodificeerde organotypische kweken skin de bepaling van genen die essentieel zijn voor het handhaven van homeostase huid mogelijk moeten maken.

De eerste stap bij het genereren van organotypische menselijke huid is de epidermis van de dermis verwijderd. De twee weken incubatie van de huid bij 37 ° C in 4x pen / strep / PBS dient de scheiding van de dermis van de epidermis (figuur 1A) toe. Als het scheiden van de opperhuid en de lederhuid is moeilijk plaats dan het weefsel bij 37 ° C in 4x pen / strep / PBS voor een week en probeer het opnieuw peeling met behulp van een tang. Een van de sleutels tot regenererende h...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Genetically Modified Organotypic Skin Cultures Using Devitalized Human Dermis at JoVE.com

Generation of Genetically Modified Organotypic Skin Cultures Using Devitalized Human Dermis

The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and detailed protocol on how to generate genetically modified human organotypic skin from epidermal keratinocytes and devitalized human dermis.

Generatie van genetisch gemodificeerde Organotypische Skin Culturen behulp gedevitaliseerde Human Dermis

Organotypic cultures allow the reconstitution of a 3D environment critical for cell-cell contact and cell-matrix interactions which mimics the function ...

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The primary cilium is fundamentally important for the proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells and for neuronal differentiation during embryonic, ...

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents

Een gewijzigde Trier sociale stress test voor kwetsbare Mexicaanse Amerikaanse adolescenten

The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) is a well validated and widely used social stressor that has been shown to induce a 2-4 fold increase in cortisol, the ...

Generation of Genetically Modified Mice through the Microinjection of Oocytes

Generatie van genetisch gemodificeerde muizen via de microinjectie van oocyten

The use of genetically modified mice has significantly contributed to studies on both physiological and pathological in vivo processes. The pronuclear ...

Generation and Culturing of Primary Human Keratinocytes from Adult Skin

Generatie en kweken van primaire menselijke keratinocyten van volwassen huid

The main function of keratinocytes is to provide the structural integrity of the epidermis, thereby maintaining a mechanical barrier to the outside world. ...