Name: a simple method for automated solid phase extraction of water samples for immunological analysis of small pollutants
Uploaded: 2016-01-01T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Simple Method for Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Water Samples for Immunological Analysis of Small Pollutants at JoVE.com

This work was funded by the European Union Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement no. 265721. The authors thank the RIKILT Institute for Food Safety (NL) for their support in this project.

Bemærk: Følgende protokol beskriver SPE udført på 100 ml vandprøve med C18 sorptionsmiddel og eluering med 50% v / v methanol. Den berigede fortyndes prøven at nå 10% v / v methanol inden analyse med et enzymbundet immunsorbentassay (ELISA) kit. 1. Forberedelse af reagenser <ol><li> Forbered vandprøverne <ol><li> Forud for enhver anden trin, filtrere hver 100 ml vandprøve med 0,2 um porestørrelse filtre. </li><li> Spike prøven med ønskede koncentration ved at fortynde passende ...

<ol>
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En ny metode til fremstilling af vandprøver efterfulgt af analyse under anvendelse af immunoassay blev foreslået. Instrumentet gør det muligt at udføre fastfaseekstraktion i en automatiseret og brugervenlig måde. Filtrering af prøven vand før injektion i systemet er kritisk. Eventuelle partikler stadig til stede i løsning vil potentielt medføre tilstopning af fluide netværket og hindre SPE kolonne. Et andet vigtigt skridt er udarbejdelsen af ​​SPE kolonne. Mængden af ​​par...

Prøve forberedelse er et vigtigt skridt i enhver analytisk proces. Især er nødvendige for at opnå præcise resultater og nå lave detektionsgrænser fjernelse af matrix effekter, formindskelse af interferens, og berigelse af analysanden. Hormonforstyrrende stoffer (EDC) er af særlig bekymring på grund af deres indsats på levende organismer, selv når til stede på meget lave niveauer i miljøet. Det naturlige hormon 17β-østradiol er til stede på EU vandforurening overvågningsliste og tilbøjelige til at blive føjet til listen over prioriterede stoffer er reguleret i henhold til rammedirektivet den europæiske Water. Fastfaseekstraktion (SPE) er almindeligt anvendt til analyse af små forurenende stoffer i vand, med både kemisk 1-5 (kromatografi, massespektrometri) og immunologiske 6-9 detektionsmetoder. Sidstnævnte tjente interesse inden for miljøkontrol, som immunoassays er tilgængelige i store række formater, er specifikke for tarFå analyt, og nå lave påvisningsgrænser. 6, 7, 10, 11 Forskellige enzymbundne immunosorbentassays (ELISA) er kommercielt tilgængelige og gør det muligt at analysere flere prøver på én gang på en multi-brønds plade. Proceduren består i successive reaktionstrin, der kan tage et par timer. Slutproduktet af reaktionen kan detekteres optisk at bestemme koncentrationen af ​​målmolekylet baseret på en kalibreringskurve. Klassiske SPE procedurer omfatter sorptionsmiddel pre-condition, prøve udvinding, vaskning, eluering, og koncentration ved fordampning af eluenten. Opløsningsmidlet anvendt til fortynding af denne ekstrakt vælges afhængigt af påvisningsmetoden. For immunologiske metoder, mængden af organiske opløsningsmidler påvirkninger på det kraftigste følsomhed af metoden. 12 Ud over den genopretning og de præ-koncentration forestillinger, metoden skal også være enkel og omkostningseffektiv. Automatisering af procedure hjælper med at reducere menneskelige-relaterede fejl. I vores tidligere arbejde 13 introducerede vi vores prototype til automatiseret SPE, og vores metode blev anvendt til analysen af det naturlige hormon 17β-østradiol i havet vandprøver. Med den nuværende video vil vi gerne fremhæve de tekniske fordele ved vores metode sammenlignet med traditionelle off-line og on-line SPE, og dens særlige kompatibilitet med detektion ved immuno-reaktioner. Vi beskriver protokollen anvendes på vandprøver til påvisning af 17β-estradiol. SPE udføres med octadecyl-silica (C18) sorbent fase og eluering udføres med fortyndet methanol.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="609">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Filter membrane 0.2 &#956;m pore size</td>
			<td style="width:107px;">Merck Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">GNWP04700</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">For sample filtration</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Nylon membrane 11 &#956;m pore size</td>
			<td style="width:107px;">Merck Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NY1104700</td>
			<td>For SPE column</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Disposable biopsy punch 5 mm</td>
			<td style="width:107px;">Medical Budget</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">39302439</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Nucleodur C18 ec&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:107px;">Macherey Nagel</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">713550.01</td>
			<td>50 &#956;m particle diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Synthetic sea water</td>
			<td style="width:107px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SSWS500-500ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Methanol</td>
			<td style="width:107px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">17beta-estradiol standard</td>
			<td style="width:107px;">Enzo Life Science</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>300 ng/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">17beta-estradiol ELISA kit&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:107px;">Enzo Life Science</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ADI-900-008</td>
			<td>96 wells, range 30 - 3000 ng/L</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a simple method for automated solid phase extraction of water samples for immunological analysis of small pollutants

Der foreslås en ny metode til fast fase ekstraktion (SPE) af vandprøver miljøet. Den udviklede prototype er omkostningseffektiv og brugervenlig, og gør det muligt at udføre en hurtig, automatiseret og enkel SPE. Præ-koncentrerede opløsning er kompatibel med analyse ved immunoassay, med en lavt indhold af organisk opløsningsmiddel. Der beskrives en fremgangsmåde til udvinding og præ-koncentration af naturlige hormon 17β-østradiol i 100 ml vandprøver. Omvendt fase SPE udføres med octadecyl-silica sorbent og eluering udføres med 200 pi methanol 50% v / v. Eluenten fortyndes ved tilsætning af di-vand for at sænke mængden af ​​methanol. Efter fremstilling manuelt SPE-søjle, er den samlede procedure udføres automatisk inden for 1 time. Ved afslutningen af ​​processen, er østradiol koncentrationen måles ved anvendelse af et kommercielt enzym-bundet immun- sorberende assay (ELISA). 100-fold pre-koncentration opnås, og methanolen indhold på kun 10% v / v. Fuld inddrivelser af molekyletopnås med 1 ng / L spiked deioniseret og syntetiske havet vandprøver.

Reproducerbarhed sorbent pakning blev evalueret ved tørring og vægtning af pipetterede sorbent i hætteglas og resultatet er vist i figur 1. Reproducerbarhed injektionstidspunktet blev testet for 100 ml prøver, som vist i figur 2. Koncentration i indledende og præ- koncentreret tilsat prøverne blev bestemt ved anvendelse af et kommercielt ELISA-kit for 17β-estradiol og er vist i figur 3. <p class="jove_content" fo:keep-together...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Simple Method for Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Water Samples for Immunological Analysis of Small Pollutants at JoVE.com

A Simple Method for Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Water Samples for Immunological Analysis of Small Pollutants

A protocol for the extraction and pre-concentration of estradiol from water samples by using an automated and miniaturized system is presented.

En simpel metode til Automated Solid Phase Extraction af vandprøver for Immunologisk analyse af små miljøgifte

A new method for solid phase extraction (SPE) of environmental water samples is proposed. The developed prototype is cost-efficient and user friendly, and ...

The overall goal for this sample preparation method is to pre-concentrate small, organic pollutants from water samples, in a user friendly, cost effective and automated way. This method can replace standard SPE processes when studying the contamination of water samples using immunodetection methods, such as well plate immunoassays or biosensors. The main advantages of this technique is that SPE procedure is automated while the footprint and cost of the instruments are low compared to traditional approaches.In addition, the performances of the enrichment process match the requirement of analysis of immunoassays both in terms of low solvent content and pre-concentration efficiency. First, filter out 100 millimeter water sample with a zero point two micrometer pour size filter. Place the filtered sample in a glass bottle with GL 45 thread.Prepare 300 microliters of eluent by diluting methanol in deionized water, to 50 percent volume in a tight tube. Next, prepare a 20 milligram per milliliter suspension of octadecyl silica sorbent particles by adding 1, 600 microliters of methanol followed by 400 microliters of deionized water to 40 milligrams of reversed phase sorbent in a glass vile. Tightly close the lid, and agitate with a vortex mixer.Place a nylon membrane with pore size 11 micrometers on a double layer of anti-dust tissue. Cut two small parts in the membrane with a three millimeter diameter punch. Then, grab on of the small membranes with flat end filter forceps, and place it on one side of the column.Following this, screw the flat bottom connector with the tube and tighten. Then, draw an arrow on the body of the column, pointing towards the end where the membrane was placed. At this point, secure the column on the holder with the arrow pointing towards the bottom.Attach an empty 10 milliliter disposable syringe to the end of the tube of the column by using the lower lock connectors. Agitate the sorbent suspension with the vortex mixer, and rapidly pipette 100 microliters in the center of the column. While injecting, gently aspirate the pipetted solution through the membrane by using the syringe with the other hand.The SPE column preparation is very important. You have to make sure that you properly aspirate the solution through the membrane using the syringe while injecting the particle suspension in the column. Otherwise, the particles will not be packed densely.Repeat the previous process two more times, by agitating the stock suspension between all pipetting steps, to ensure homogeneous suspension of the particles in the solution. After the entire suspension has been loaded and dried by aspirating with a syringe, keep the syringe in position and place the second nylon membrane on the top by using the forceps with the other hand. Then, screw down the second connector with a tube and dispose of the syringe.At this point, tighten the column on the SPE device by using the lower lock connectors. Connect the bottle containing the sample to the device by screwing the provided GL 45 safety cap on it. Load 200 microliters of eluent in the eluent reservoir.Then, load 800 microliters of deionized water in the dilution reservoir. Verify the pressure regulator is in the closed position by turning it reverse clockwise until further movement is not possible. After switching on the prototype, enter the values 580 for pset and 30 for delta pset.To adjust the pressure regulator, start the pump. Then, manually turn the pressure regulator until the value read for preg is inferior but close to 320 millibar. After stopping the pump, start the SPE procedure by pressing start in the automated mode corner.Once the SPE procedure is complete, close the small vile of sample and store at four to five degrees Celsius in the dark, until ELISA analysis. To clean the system, prepare a 10 milliliter solution of 70 percent methanol by volume in a glass bottle with GL 45 thread. Unplug the SPE column, and plug the tubing with connectors.In the automated mode, select the Cleaning file and start it with the same pressure settings previously used for pset, delta pset, and preg. The reproducibility of sorbent packing was evaluated by drying and weighing the pipetted sorbent in glass viles. The reproducibility of time of injection was tested for the 100 milliliter samples.The concentrations of the initial and pre-concentrated spiked samples were determined using a commercial ELISA kit of 17 beta-estradiol. It is clear from the calibration curves that the methanol ratio from the enriched sample does not effect the sensitivity of the immunoassay. Recoveries of 128, plus or minus 22 percent, and 107 plus or minus six percent, were calculated for deionized water and artificial sea water respectively.Once mastered, the preparation of an SPE column can be done in less than five minutes, if it is performed properly. The entire SPE procedure can be completed in less than one hour. After its development, this technique paved the way for researchers in the field of environmental science to explore the development of immunodetection methods for monitoring of small organic pollutants.After watching this video, you should have a good understanding of how to prepare water samples using our cost effective, automated instrument for the analysis of pollutants by immunoassays. Don't forget that working with organic pollutants and solvents can be hazardous, and precautions such as wearing appropriate gloves and protection goggles should always be taken when performing this process.

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