Name: stripe assay to study the attractive or repulsive activity of a protein substrate using dissociated hippocampal neurons
Uploaded: 2016-06-19T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Stripe Assay to Study the Attractive or Repulsive Activity of a Protein Substrate Using Dissociated Hippocampal Neurons at JoVE.com

This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23700412, 25122707 and 26670090 to S.Y.).

Procedimentos envolvendo indivíduos animais foram aprovados pelo Comitê de Cuidado e Uso Institucional animal em Hamamatsu University School of Medicine. 1. Preparação de Matrizes <ol><li> Ferver 4-8 matrizes de silicone em um forno de microondas ou num prato quente durante 5 minutos e deixar secar completamente durante 1 h sob um fluxo laminar (lado listrado para cima). Nota: Os seguintes procedimentos devem ser realizados sob fluxo laminar. </li><li> Soprar ar comprimido ou com fita adesiva transp...

<ol>
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J., Klein, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Signaling+from+axon+guidance+receptors.">Signaling from axon guidance receptors.</a> Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2 (5), 001941 (2010).</li><li>Hong, K., Nishiyama, M., Henley, J., Tessier-Lavigne, M., Poo, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Calcium+signalling+in+the+guidance+of+nerve+growth+by+netrin-1.">Calcium signalling in the guidance of nerve growth by netrin-1.</a> Nature. 403 (6765), 93-98 (2000).</li><li>Ming, G. -. l., Henley, J., Tessier-Lavigne, M., Song, H. -. j., Poo, M. -. m. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrical+Activity+Modulates+Growth+Cone+Guidance+by+Diffusible+Factors.">Electrical Activity Modulates Growth Cone Guidance by Diffusible Factors.</a> Neuron. 29 (2), 441-452 (2001).</li><li>Dudanova, I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetic+evidence+for+a+contribution+of+EphA:ephrinA+reverse+signaling+to+motor+axon+guidance.">Genetic evidence for a contribution of EphA:ephrinA reverse signaling to motor axon guidance.</a> J Neurosci. 32 (15), 5209-5215 (2012).</li><li>Ye, B. Q., Geng, Z. H., Ma, L., Geng, J. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Slit2+regulates+attractive+eosinophil+and+repulsive+neutrophil+chemotaxis+through+differential+srGAP1+expression+during+lung+inflammation.">Slit2 regulates attractive eosinophil and repulsive neutrophil chemotaxis through differential srGAP1 expression during lung inflammation.</a> J Immunol. 185 (10), 6294-6305 (2010).</li><li>Ly, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=DSCAM+is+a+netrin+receptor+that+collaborates+with+DCC+in+mediating+turning+responses+to+netrin-1.">DSCAM is a netrin receptor that collaborates with DCC in mediating turning responses to netrin-1.</a> Cell. 133 (7), 1241-1254 (2008).</li><li>Hata, K., Kaibuchi, K., Inagaki, S., Yamashita, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Unc5B+associates+with+LARG+to+mediate+the+action+of+repulsive+guidance+molecule.">Unc5B associates with LARG to mediate the action of repulsive guidance molecule.</a> J Cell Biol. 184 (5), 737-750 (2009).</li><li>Egea, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+EphA+4+kinase+activity+is+required+for+a+subset+of+axon+guidance+decisions+suggesting+a+key+role+for+receptor+clustering+in+Eph+function.">Regulation of EphA 4 kinase activity is required for a subset of axon guidance decisions suggesting a key role for receptor clustering in Eph function.</a> Neuron. 47 (4), 515-528 (2005).</li><li>von Philipsborn, A. C., Lang, S., Jiang, Z., Bonhoeffer, F., Bastmeyer, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Substrate-Bound+Protein+Gradients+for+Cell+Culture+Fabricated+by+Microfluidic+Networks+and+Microcontact+Printing.">Substrate-Bound Protein Gradients for Cell Culture Fabricated by Microfluidic Networks and Microcontact Printing.</a> Sci Signal. , (2007).</li><li>Jackman, R., Wilbur, J., Whitesides, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fabrication+of+submicrometer+features+on+curved+substrates+by+microcontact+printing.">Fabrication of submicrometer features on curved substrates by microcontact printing.</a> Science. 269 (5224), 664-666 (1995).</li><li>Mrksich, M., Whitesides, G. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Using+self-assembled+monolayers+to+understand+the+interactions+of+man-made+surfaces+with+proteins+and+cells.">Using self-assembled monolayers to understand the interactions of man-made surfaces with proteins and cells.</a> Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 25, 55-78 (1996).</li><li>Walter, J., Kern-Veits, B., Huf, J., Stolze, B., Bonhoeffer, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recognition+of+position-specific+properties+of+tectai+cell+membranes+by+retinal+axons+in+vitro.">Recognition of position-specific properties of tectai cell membranes by retinal axons in vitro.</a> Development. 101, 685-696 (1987).</li><li>Knoll, B., Weinl, C., Nordheim, A., Bonhoeffer, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stripe+assay+to+examine+axonal+guidance+and+cell+migration.">Stripe assay to examine axonal guidance and cell migration.</a> Nat Protoc. 2 (5), 1216-1224 (2007).</li><li>Weschenfelder, M., Weth, F., Knoll, B., Bastmeyer, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+stripe+assay:+studying+growth+preference+and+axon+guidance+on+binary+choice+substrates+in+vitro.">The stripe assay: studying growth preference and axon guidance on binary choice substrates in vitro.</a> Methods Mol Biol. 1018, 229-246 (2013).</li><li>Seiradake, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Structure+and+functional+relevance+of+the+Slit2+homodimerization+domain.">Structure and functional relevance of the Slit2 homodimerization domain.</a> EMBO Rep. 10 (7), 736-741 (2009).</li><li>Gebhardt, C., Bastmeyer, M., Weth, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Balancing+of+ephrin/Eph+forward+and+reverse+signaling+as+the+driving+force+of+adaptive+topographic+mapping.">Balancing of ephrin/Eph forward and reverse signaling as the driving force of adaptive topographic mapping.</a> Development. 139 (2), 335-345 (2012).</li><li>Atapattu, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antibodies+binding+the+ADAM10+substrate+recognition+domain+inhibit+Eph+function.">Antibodies binding the ADAM10 substrate recognition domain inhibit Eph function.</a> J Cell Sci. 125, 6084-6093 (2012).</li><li>Stark, D. A., Karvas, R. M., Siegel, A. L., Cornelison, D. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Eph/ephrin+interactions+modulate+muscle+satellite+cell+motility+and+patterning.">Eph/ephrin interactions modulate muscle satellite cell motility and patterning.</a> Development. 138 (24), 5279-5289 (2011).</li><li>Seiradake, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=FLRT+Structure:+Balancing+Repulsion+and+Cell+Adhesion+in+Cortical+and+Vascular+Development.">FLRT Structure: Balancing Repulsion and Cell Adhesion in Cortical and Vascular Development.</a> Neuron. 84 (2), 370-385 (2014).</li><li>Yamagishi, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=FLRT2+and+FLRT3+act+as+repulsive+guidance+cues+for+Unc5-positive+neurons.">FLRT2 and FLRT3 act as repulsive guidance cues for Unc5-positive neurons.</a> EMBO J. 30 (14), 2920-2933 (2011).</li></ol>

Este protocolo descreve um ensaio de faixa que usa proteína recombinante e os neurónios dissociados a partir de hipocampo de rato E15.5. Este ensaio permite a observação de respostas repulsivas eficiente, atraentes, ou neutras de neurónios para uma proteína recombinante de interesse colocado num padrão às riscas. Uma grande vantagem deste protocolo é o método simples para gerar as tiras, em que a proteína está directamente impressos sobre a superfície de um prato de plástico, em comparação com o método ...

Orientação Axon é o processo pelo qual os neurónios recentemente formadas enviar axónios para o alvo durante o desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso 1,2. axônios em desenvolvimento realizar uma estrutura altamente móveis em sua ponta chamado cone de crescimento. O cone de crescimento detecta sinais extracelulares para navegar o caminho do axônio. Moléculas de orientação, tais como fenda, semaforina, e Efrinas, pode atrair ou repelir axônios dependendo de sua interação com receptores adequados e co-receptores na axônio 1,3,4. Os receptores activados transferir sinais para o cone de crescimento que afetam sua organização do citoesqueleto para axônio e crescimento de cone movimentos. Vários métodos têm sido desenvolvidos para avaliar a acção de moléculas atractivas e repelentes. Quimio-atractores e repelentes pode ser administrado para o meio de crescimento / cultura com uma concentração de gradiente (por ex., Câmara de Dunn ou u-lâminas) 5,6, em um local altamente concentrada por micro-Pipette (por exemplo., ensaio de torneamento) 7 ou a uma concentração homogénea por aplicação de banho (por exemplo., ensaio de colapso do cone de crescimento) 8,9. Outros métodos incluem um ensaio de listra ou impressão microcontact (μCP), em que um quimio-atractor ou repelente é revestido sobre a superfície de uma placa como um substrato 10-12. Thestripe ensaio foi originalmente desenvolvido por Bonhoeffer e seus colegas em 1987 para analisar o mapeamento topográfico do pintainho sistema retino-tectal 13. O método original necessário um sistema de vácuo para proteínas de revestimento para membranas de policarbonato Nucleopore usando listrado e matrizes em malha. Nas versões mais recentes, as proteínas recombinantes foram directamente impressa sobre a superfície de uma placa de cultura num padrão listrado utilizando matrizes de silício estreita fenda 14,15. Recentemente, vários grupos de pesquisa têm aplicado com sucesso neste ensaio tarja para a análise das actividades de moléculas de orientação axônio 16-21. <p class = &quot;jove_content&quot;&gt; Aqui, apresentamos o protocolo detalhado para um ensaio de tarja que mede a atração ou repulsão de moléculas de orientação axônio para os neurônios do hipocampo dissociados. Notavelmente, este método pode ser aplicado em ambientes laboratoriais minimamente equipados. Para este ensaio, as listras alternadas de um substrato marcado por fluorescência e uma proteína de controlo são gerados em um prato de plástico utilizando uma matriz de silício com fendas 90 mícrons e revestidas com laminina. Em nossa demonstração, dissociada neurônios do hipocampo de camundongos E15.5 foram cultivadas em faixas alternadas de ectodomï¿½io recombinante de fibronectina e proteína-2 transmembrana (FLRT2) rica em leucina e controlar proteína Fc 21. Após 24 h de cultura, ambos os axónios e corpos celulares dos neurónios foram fortemente repelido das listras FLRT2. A coloração com um anticorpo anti-Tau1 ~ revelou que 90% dos neurónios foram distribuídos nas regiões revestidas com Fc, em comparação com ~ 10% na FLRT2-Fc, indicando que tem uma forte FLRT2 repulsivofunção para os neurônios do hipocampo 21.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>15 mL centrifuge tube</td>
			<td>Violamo&#160;</td>
			<td>1-3500-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4% Paraformaldehyde (PFA)</td>
			<td>Nacalai</td>
			<td>01954-85</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alexa Fluor 488 Goat anti-human IgG antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>A11013</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alexa Fluor 594 Donkey anti-mouse IgG antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>A-21203</td>
			<td>Dilution 1/500</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anti-Tau1 antibody</td>
			<td>Chemicon</td>
			<td>MAB3420</td>
			<td>Dilution 1/200</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Antifade</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>P7481</td>
			<td>Alternative mounting media may be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>B27 supplement</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>17504-044</td>
			<td>Dilution 1/50</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bovine serum albumin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>01-2030-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cell strainer 100 um</td>
			<td>BD Falcon</td>
			<td>352360</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifugation machine</td>
			<td>Kubota</td>
			<td>2410</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cover glass 18mmx18mm</td>
			<td>Matsunami</td>
			<td>18x18 mm No. 1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DAKO pen</td>
			<td>DAKO</td>
			<td>S2002</td>
			<td>Alternative water-repellent pen may be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Disposable scalpel</td>
			<td>Feather</td>
			<td>2975#11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FBS</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>10437-028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fluorecent microscope</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td>E600</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps No. 5</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11254-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GlutaMAX</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>35050-061</td>
			<td>Dilution 1/200</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hamilton Syringe</td>
			<td>Hamilton</td>
			<td>805N</td>
			<td>22 gauge, 50 uL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HBSS</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>14170-112</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Human IgG, Fc Fragment</td>
			<td>Jackson</td>
			<td>009-000-008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laminin</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>23017-015</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Neurobasal</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>21103-049</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Normal Donkey Serum</td>
			<td>Jackson</td>
			<td>017-000-121</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS</td>
			<td>Nacalai</td>
			<td>14249-24</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin-Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>15070-063</td>
			<td>Dilution 1/100</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Plastic culture dish, 60 mm</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>150288</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silicone Matrices</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Available and purchasable from Prof. Martin Bastmeyer (bastmeyer@kit.edu)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereo Microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>SZ61</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tip, 1000 uL</td>
			<td>Watson</td>
			<td>125-1000S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transparent sticky tape</td>
			<td>Tesa</td>
			<td>57315</td>
			<td>Alternative sticky tape may be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Triton X-100</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T8787</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypan blue, 0.4%</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>145-0013</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin/EDTA</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>25300-054</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Culture medium</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Neurobasal supplemented with B27, GlutaMAX and Penicillin-Streptomycin.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

stripe assay to study the attractive or repulsive activity of a protein substrate using dissociated hippocampal neurons

Growing axons develop a highly motile structure at their tip, termed the growth cone. The growth cone contacts extracellular environmental cues to navigate axonal growth. Netrin, slit, semaphorin, and ephrins are known guidance molecules that can attract or repel axons upon binding to receptors and co-receptors on the axon. The activated receptors initiate various signaling molecules in the growth cone that alter the structure and movement of the neuron. Here, we describe the detailed protocol for a stripe assay to assess the ability of a guidance molecule to attract or repel neurons. In this method, dissociated hippocampal neurons from E15.5 mice are cultured on laminin-coated dishes processed with alternating stripes of ectodomain of fibronectin and leucine-rich transmembrane protein-2 (FLRT2) and control immunoglobulin G (IgG) fragment crystallizable region (Fc) protein. Both axons and cell bodies were strongly repelled from the FLRT2-coated stripe regions after 24 h of culture. Immunostaining with tau1 showed that ~90% of the neurons were distributed on the Fc-coated stripes compared to the FLRT2-Fc-coated stripes (~10%). This result indicates that FLRT2 has a strong repulsive effect on these neurons. This powerful method is applicable not only for primary cultured neurons but also for a variety of other cells, such as neuroblasts.

Neurônios do hipocampo dissociada de camundongos E15.5 foram semeados e cultivados por 24 h em listras de fluorescente etiquetado controle Fc (Figura 3A-C) ou FLRT2-Fc (Figura 3D-F) alternando com Fc não marcado controle. Em ambos os casos, os neurônios foram agregadas e estendeu seus axônios como pacotes. No controle listras Fc / Fc, os neurônios foram distribuídos uniformemente sobre as listras fluorescente etiquetado e não marcadas, e eles este...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Stripe Assay to Study the Attractive or Repulsive Activity of a Protein Substrate Using Dissociated Hippocampal Neurons at JoVE.com

Stripe Assay to Study the Attractive or Repulsive Activity of a Protein Substrate Using Dissociated Hippocampal Neurons

Axon guidance molecules regulate neuronal migration and targeted growth-cone navigation. We present a powerful method, the stripe assay, to assess the ability of guidance molecules to attract or repulse neurons. In this protocol, we demonstrate the stripe assay by showing FLRT2's ability to repel cultured hippocampal neurons.

Stripe Ensaio para estudar a atividade atração ou repulsão de um substrato de proteína utilizando dissociado neurônios do hipocampo

Growing axons develop a highly motile structure at their tip, termed the growth cone. The growth cone contacts extracellular environmental cues to ...

The overall goal of the stripe assay is to asses the ability of specific proteins, such as guidance molecules, to attract or repel neurons. This method can help answer key questions in the field of axon guidance, such as, how neurons can migrate or extend their axons in response to the external cellular environment. The main advantage of this technique is that a large number of neurons can be visualized in a single experiment and many growth cones can be analyzed simultaneously.In preparation, boil four to eight silicone matrices in water for five minutes. Allow them to completely air dry under a laminar flow hood with their striped sides up. This takes about an hour.Continue working under the hood. Use compressed air or sticky tape to remove any dust on the striped side of the matrices. Then carefully place each matrix into a separate six centimeter plastic dish, striped side down.With one finger, press each matrix firmly. Avoid trapping air bubbles between the matrix and the dish. If the matrix fails to attach, repeat the process.Once attached, mark the location of the stripes on the bottom side of the culture dish. Prepare the fluorescently labeled recombinant proteins in PBS. Make 25 microliters for each striped dish.Let the mixture incubate at room temperature for 30 minutes. Next, for each dish, load a 22 gauge syringe with 25 microliters of diluted protein and inject it through the small hole on the side of the matrix. Avoid the injection of air bubbles into the matrices as they will disturb the binding of your proteins onto their dishes.Now, incubate the dishes for 30 minutes at 37 degrees Celsius in a cell culture incubator. After the incubation, deposit 300 microliters of PBS into the top slit of each matrix. Then aspirate the PBS from a small hole located on the side of each matrix to remove all the unattached recombinant proteins.Do not fully aspirate the PBS because the proteins will dry out. Perform this PBS rinse a total of three times. Next, carefully remove the matrix from each dish.Then immediately add about 100 microliters of controlled protein over the entire striped area, creating an alternate coating on each dish. Next, incubate the dishes for 30 minutes at 37 degrees Celsius. Meanwhile, on ice, thaw laminin and PBS at 20 micrograms per milliliter.After 30 minutes, wash the dishes three times with PBS. Then coat each dish with about 100 microliters of cold laminin and return the dishes to the incubator for another hour. An hour later, use PBS to wash the dishes three times again.After the third wash, add about 150 microliters of culture medium to each dish. Then incubate the dishes in a 5%carbon dioxide incubator at 37 degrees Celsius until they are next needed. After euthanizing a donor E15.5 mouse, cut the skin and skull sagittally at the mid-line of the head with surgical scissors and scoop the brain using a micro spatula.Carefully transfer the brain to a 60 milliliter petri dish containing three milliliters of HBSS. In the dish, use a scalpel to cut out the hemispheres including the cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Then dissect out the hippocampal regions by carefully removing the meninges.Transfer the dissected hippocampal tissues to a 15 milliliter centrifuge tube containing two milliliters of HBSS solution on ice. Six hippocampi from three embryos are sufficient for culturing neurons on eight dishes. With all of the hippocampus tissues collected, aspirate out the HBSS and replace it with two milliliters of trypsin-EDTA.Then incubate the tube for 15 minutes in a 37 degree Celsius water bath. Next, neutralize the trypsin activity by adding 500 microliters of fetal bovine serum. Then centrifuge the mixture at 100 Gs for five minutes.Remove the supernatant and wash the pellet with two milliliters of culture medium. Then centrifuge the mixture again and replace the medium with more medium. Now dissociate the tissue with gentle trituration using a one milliliter pipe head with a cut tip.Flow the tissues up and down through the pipe head tip about 10 times. Then use an uncut one milliliter tip and repeat the trituration to obtain a single cell suspension. Now isolate the single cells by pressing the suspension through an 80 to 100 micron mesh cell strainer.Then centrifuge the filtered suspension at 150 Gs for five minutes, aspirate out the supernatant and re-suspend the pellet in two milliliters of culture media. Count the cells using a hemocytometer and plate 10, 000 neurons in 150 microliters of culture media on each prepared stripe plate. Carefully deposit the suspension to cover the entire striped region.Dissociated hippocampal neurons from E15.5 mice were plated and cultured for 24 hours on stripes of flourescently labeled control protein FC, or the neurons were plated on stripes of FLRT2 FC alternating with non-labeled control FC.In both cases, the neurons were aggregated and extended their axons as bundles. On the FC control the neurons were distributed evenly and extended their axons in random directions. In contrast, when cultured with FLRT2 FC stripes, the axons avoided growing on the FLRT2 FC regions.Thus the extending axons grew mainly on the FC stripes. Higher magnification shows that the axons grew along the border with FLRT2 FC stripes, but did not extend into the FLRT2 territory. After watching this video you should have a good understanding of how to make striped carpet of the recommended proteins and asses the attractive or paras activity using the dissociated hippocampal neurons.Once mastered, this technique can be done in five hours if it is performed properly.

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Laser Capture Microdissection of Drosophila Peripheral Neurons

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Neurociência

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Dendritic spines are protrusions emerging from the dendrite of a neuron and represent the primary postsynaptic targets of excitatory inputs in the brain. ...

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Neurons are multifaceted cells that carry information essential for a variety of functions including sensation, motor movement, learning, and memory. ...