Name: investigations on the ga(iii) complex of eob-dtpa and its 68ga radiolabeled analogue
Uploaded: 2016-08-17T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue at JoVE.com

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1. Fremstilling af EOB-DTPA og Ga [EOB-DTPA] Forsigtig: Se venligst alle relevante materiale sikkerhedsdatablade (MSDS) af de anvendte organiske opløsningsmidler, syrer og baser før brug. Udfør alle trin i et stinkskab, og brug personlige værnemidler (sikkerhedsbriller, handsker, kittel). <ol><li> Isolering af EOB-DTPA fra gadoxetic syre <ol><li> Sætte 3 ml 0,25 M gadoxetic syre injicerbar opløsning i en kolbe. Tilføj 500 mg (5,6 mmol) oxalsyre til den omrørte opløsning. </li><li> Eft...

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EOB-DTPA er tilgængelig via en flertrinssyntese 33, men kan lige så vel isoleres fra tilgængelige kontrastmidler indeholdende gadoxetic syre. Til dette formål kan den centrale Gd (III) ion præcipiteres med et overskud af oxalsyre. Efter fjernelse Gd (III) oxalat og oxalsyre liganden kan isoleres ved udfældning i koldt vand ved pH 1,5. Men for at øge udbyttet søjlekromatografi af filtratet kan udføres i stedet eller som en opfølgende procedure. Begge metoder giver den analytisk rene ligand i totale u...

Gadoxetic syre, et fælles navn for Gd (III) komplekset af liganden EOB-DTPA 1, er et hyppigt anvendt kontrastmiddel i hepatobiliære magnetisk resonans billeddannelse (MRI). 2,3 grund af sin specifik optagelse af lever hepatocytter og høj procentdel af hepatobiliære udskillelse det muliggør lokalisering af fokale læsioner og hepatiske tumorer. 2-5 visse begrænsninger i MRI teknik (f.eks toksicitet af kontrastmidler, begrænset anvendelighed i patienter med klaustrofobi eller metal implantater) kræver et alternativt diagnostisk værktøj . Positron emission tomografi (PET) er en molekylær billeddannelse metode, hvor en lille mængde af et radioaktivt stof (sporstof) indgives, hvorpå dets fordeling i kroppen registreres af en PET-scanner. 6 PET er en dynamisk fremgangsmåde, der giver mulighed for høj rumlig og tidsmæssig opløsning på billederne samt kvantificering af resultaterne, uden at skullebehandle de bivirkninger af MRI-kontrastmidler. Den informative værdi af den opnåede metaboliske oplysninger kan øges yderligere ved kombination med anatomiske data modtaget fra andre billeddiagnostiske metoder, som oftest opnås ved hybrid billeddannelse med computertomografi (CT) i PET / CT-scannere. Den kemiske struktur af et sporstof egnet til PET skal omfatte en radioaktiv isotop, der tjener som positron-emitter. Positroner har en kort levetid, da der næsten øjeblikkeligt tilintetgøre med elektroner af atomet skaller af omgivende væv. Ved udslettelse to 511 keV gamma fotoner med modsat bevægelsesretning udsendes, som registreres af PET-skanneren. 7,8 Til dannelse et sporstof, kan PET nuklider bindes covalent til et molekyle, som det er tilfældet i 2-deoxy- 2- [18F] fluoroglucose (FDG), den mest flittigt brugt PET sporstof. 7. dog kan en nuklid også danner koordinerende bindinger til en eller flere ligander (f.eks, [68 Ga] -DOTATOC 9,10) eller påføres som opløste uorganiske salte (f.eks [18F] natriumfluorid 11). Alt i alt er afgørende struktur sporstof, som det bestemmer sin biofordeling, metabolisme og udskillelse adfærd. En passende PET nuklid bør kombinere gunstige egenskaber som praktisk positron energi og tilgængelighed samt en halveringstid passende til den påtænkte undersøgelse. Den 68 Ga nuklid er blevet en væsentlig kraft på PET i de seneste to årtier. 12,13 Dette skyldes primært dens tilgængelighed gennem et generatorsystem, der tillader mærkning på stedet uafhængigt af nærheden af en cyklotron. I en generator, moderen nuklid 68 Ge absorberes på en søjle, hvorfra datternuklid 68 Ga elueres og efterfølgende mærket til en passende chelator. 6,14 Siden 68 Ga nuklid eksisterer som en trivalent kation ligesom Gd (III) 10,13, chelaterende EOB-DTPA med 68 Ga stedet vil give et kompleks med den samme samlede negative ladning som gadoxetic syre. Følgelig kan der 68 Ga tracer kombinere en lignende karakteristisk leverspecificitet med egnetheden til PET-billeddannelse. Selvom gadoxetic syre er købt og indgives som dinatriumsalt, i det følgende sammenhæng vil vi henvise til det som Gd [EOB-DTPA] og til den ikke-radioaktive Ga (III) kompleks som Ga [EOB-DTPA], eller 68 Ga [ EOB-DTPA] i tilfælde af den radioaktivt mærkede komponent af hensyn til bekvemmelighed. For at vurdere deres anvendelighed som sporstoffer til PET, skal undersøges i udstrakt grad i in vitro, in vivo eller ex vivo forsøg første radioaktive metalkomplekser. For at bestemme egnethed til en respektiv medicinsk problem, forskellige tracer egenskaber som biodistribution adfærd og clearance profil, stabilitet, orgel specificitet og celle eller tissue optagelse skal undersøges. På grund af deres ikke-invasiv karakter, er in vitro-bestemmelser ofte udføres før in vivo eksperimenter. Det er almindeligt anerkendt, at DTPA og dets derivater er begrænset egnethed som chelatorer for 68 Ga grundet disse komplekser mangler kinetisk træghed, hvilket resulterer i forholdsvis hurtig nedbrydning, når det administreres in vivo. 14-20 Dette skyldes primært Apo transferrin fungere som en konkurrent for 68 Ga i plasma. Ikke desto mindre er vi undersøgt dette nye sporstof vedrørende dens mulige anvendelse i hepatobiliære billeddannelse, hvor kan tilvejebringes diagnostiske oplysninger inden for få minutter efter injektion 3,4,21-23 derved ikke nødvendigvis kræver langsigtet sporstof stabilitet. Til dette formål isoleres vi EOB-DTPA fra gadoxetic syre og indledningsvis udføres kompleksdannelsen med naturlig Ga (III), der eksisterer som blanding af to stabile isotoper, 69 Ga og 71 </sup&gt; Ga. Komplekset således opnåede tjente som ikke-radioaktiv standard for følgende chelatering af 68 Ga. Vi brugte etableret metoder og samtidig vurderes deres egnethed til bestemmelse af 68 Galabeling effektiviteten af EOB-DTPA og til at undersøge lipofiliciteten af den nye 68 Ga sporstof og dets stabilitet i forskellige medier.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="682">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">primovist</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Bayer</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">0.25 M</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">gallium(III) chloride</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">450898</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">water (deionized)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>&#160;tap water deionizing equipment by Auma-Tec GmbH</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">hydrochloric acid 12 M</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">20252.29</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">sodium hydroxide</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Polskie Odczynniki Chemiczne S.A.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">810925429</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">oxalic acid</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">75688</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ethyl acetate</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Brenntag GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10010447</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">silica gel</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.10832.9025</td>
			<td>Geduran Si 60 0,063-0,2 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">TLC silica gel 60 F254</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.16834.0001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">methanol</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">20903.55</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ethanol</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Brenntag GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10018366</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">eiethylether</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">23807.468</td>
			<td>stored over KOH plates</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ammonia solution (25 %)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1133.1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pH electrode</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">662-1657</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">stirring and heating unit</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Heidolph</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">505-20000-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pump</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Ilmvac GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">322002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">frit</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">custom design</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">NMR spectrometer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Bruker Coorporation</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Ultra Shield 400</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">mass spectrometer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">elemental analyser</td>
			<td>Hekatech GmbH Analysentechnik</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>EuroVector EA 3000 CHNS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:216px;">deuterated water D2O</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">euriso-top</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">D214</td>
			<td>99,90 % D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Name</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td colspan="4" height="21" style="height:21px;width:681px;">Material/Equipment required for labeling procedures</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">68Ge/68Ga generator</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">ITG Isotope Technologies Garching GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pump and dispenser system</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Scintomics GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Variosystem</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">hydrochloric acid 30 % (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.00318.1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">water (ultrapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.01262.1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">sodium chloride (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.06406.0500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">sodium acetate (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.06264.0050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">glacial acetic acid (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.00066.0250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">sodium citrate dihydrate</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VEB Laborchemie Apolda</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10782</td>
			<td>&#62;98.5%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PS-H+ Cartridge (S)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Macherey-Nagel</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">731867</td>
			<td>Chromafix</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">apo-Transferrin</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">T2036</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PBS&#160; buffer (tablets)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">79382</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">human serum</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">H4522</td>
			<td>from human male AB plasma</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">flasks, columns etc.</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;">custom design</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">pH electrode</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Knick Elektronische Messger&#228;te GmbH &#38; Co. KG</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">765-Set</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">binary pump (HPLC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Hewlett-Packard</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G1312A (HP 1100)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">UV Vis detector (HPLC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Hewlett-Packard</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G1315A (HP 1100)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">radioactive detector (HPLC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">EGRC Berthold</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">HPLC C-18-PFP column</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Advanced Chromatography Technologies Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ACE-1110-1503/A100528</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">HPLC glass vials</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">GTG Glastechnik Graefenroda GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">8004-HP-H/i3&#181;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pipette</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">plastic vials</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sarstedt AG &#38; Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">6542.007</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">plastic vials</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Greiner Bio-One International GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">717201</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">activimeter</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">MED Nuklear-Medizintechnik Dresden GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Isomed 2010</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">tweezers</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;">custom design</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">incubator</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Heraeus Instruments GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">51008815</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">vortex mixer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Fisons</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Whirlimixer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Heraeus Instruments GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">75003360</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">gamma well counter</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">MED Nuklear-Medizintechnik Dresden GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Isomed 2100</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">water for chromatography</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.15333.2500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">acetonitrile for chromatography</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.00030.2500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">trifluoroacetic acid</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">91707</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">TLC radioactivity scanner</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">raytest Isotopenmessger&#228;te GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">B00003875</td>
			<td>equipped with beta plastic detector</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

investigations on the ga(iii) complex of eob-dtpa and its 68ga radiolabeled analogue

Vi viser en fremgangsmåde til isolering af EOB-DTPA (3,6,9-triaza-3,6,9-tris (carboxymethyl) -4- (ethoxybenzyl) -undecanedioic syre) fra dens Gd (III) -kompleks og protokoller for forberedelsen af hidtil ukendte ikke-radioaktivt, dvs. naturlige Ga (III) samt radioaktiv 68 Ga-komplekset. Liganden samt Ga (III) komplekset blev karakteriseret ved kernemagnetisk resonans (NMR) spektroskopi, massespektrometri og elementaranalyse. 68 Ga blev opnået ved en standard eluering metode fra en 68 Ge / 68 Ga generator. Eksperimenter at evaluere 68 Ga mærkningseffekt af EOB-DTPA ved pH 3,8-4,0 blev udført. Etableret analyseteknikker radio TLC (tyndtlagskromatografi) og radio HPLC (højtydende væskekromatografi) blev anvendt til at bestemme den radiokemiske renhed af sporstoffet. Som en første undersøgelse af de 68 Ga sporstoffer &#39;lipofilicitet den n- oktanol / vand distribution koefficient på 68 Ga arter i en pH 7,4 opløsning blev bestemt ved en ekstraktionsmetode. in vitro-stabilitet målinger af sporstoffet i forskellige medier ved fysiologisk pH blev udført, afslører forskellige hastigheder af nedbrydning.

Liganden EOB-DTPA og det ikke-radioaktive Ga (III) kompleks blev analyseret via 1H og 13C {1H} NMR-spektroskopi, massespektrometri og elementaranalyse. Resultaterne anført i tabel 1 og vist i figur 1-6 verificere renheden af stofferne. Eluering af 68 Ge / 68 Ga generator gav løsninger på 400-600 MBq 68 Ga. Den beskre...

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Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

En procedure til isolering af EOB-DTPA og efterfølgende kompleksdannelse med naturlige Ga (III) og 68 Ga præsenteres heri, samt en grundig analyse af alle forbindelser og undersøgelser om mærkning effektivitet, in vitro stabilitet og n- oktanol / vand fordelingskoefficienten af ​​det radiomærkede kompleks.

Undersøgelser på Ga (III) Kompleks af EOB-DTPA og dens<sup&gt; 68</sup&gt; Ga Radiomærket Analog

We demonstrate a method for the isolation of EOB-DTPA (3,6,9-triaza-3,6,9-tris(carboxymethyl)-4-(ethoxybenzyl)-undecanedioic acid) from its Gd(III) ...

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JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Investigations on the Ga(III) Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

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