Name: investigations on the ga(iii) complex of eob-dtpa and its 68ga radiolabeled analogue
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Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue at JoVE.com

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1. Preparazione di EOB-DTPA e Ga [EOB-DTPA] Attenzione: Si prega di consultare tutte le schede di sicurezza materiale pertinente (MSDS) dei macchinari usati solventi organici, acidi e alcali prima dell&#39;uso. Eseguire tutti i passaggi in una cappa aspirante e utilizzare dispositivi di protezione individuale (occhiali, guanti, camice da laboratorio). <ol><li> Isolamento di EOB-DTPA da acido gadoxetico <ol><li> Mettere 3 ml di 0,25 M soluzione iniettabile gadoxetico acido in un pallone. Aggiun...

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EOB-DTPA è accessibile attraverso una sintesi multi-step 33, ma può benissimo essere isolato dagli agenti di contrasto disponibili contenenti acido gadoxetico. Per questo scopo, lo ione centrale di Gd (III) può essere precipitato con un eccesso di acido ossalico. Dopo aver rimosso Gd ossalato (III) e acido ossalico il legante può essere isolato mediante precipitazione in acqua fredda a pH 1.5. Tuttavia, al fine di migliorare le rese colonna cromatografica del filtrato può essere eseguita preferibilmente ...

Acido gadoxetico, un nome comune per il complesso di Gd (III) del ligando EOB-DTPA 1, è un agente di contrasto utilizzato frequentemente nell&#39;imaging epatobiliare risonanza magnetica (MRI). 2,3 Grazie al suo assorbimento specifico epatociti del fegato e un&#39;alta percentuale di escrezione epatobiliare consente la localizzazione di lesioni focali e tumori epatici. 2-5 Tuttavia, alcune limitazioni della tecnica MRI (ad esempio, tossicità dei mezzi di contrasto, limitata applicabilità nei pazienti con impianti claustrofobia o metallo) richiedono uno strumento diagnostico alternativa . Tomografia ad emissione di positroni (PET) è un metodo di imaging molecolare, in cui viene somministrata una piccola quantità di una sostanza radioattiva (tracciante), su cui la sua distribuzione nel corpo è registrato da uno scanner PET. 6 PET è un metodo dinamico che consente per alta risoluzione spaziale e temporale delle immagini così come quantificazione dei risultati, senza doveraffrontare gli effetti collaterali degli agenti di contrasto per MRI. Il valore informativo delle informazioni metaboliche ottenuto può essere ulteriormente aumentata combinazione con dati anatomici ricevuti da metodi di imaging addizionali, come più comunemente realizzato da immagini ibrida con la tomografia computerizzata (CT) in scanner PET / CT. La struttura chimica di un tracciante adatto per PET deve includere un isotopo radioattivo che funge da emettitore positroni. Positroni hanno una breve durata in quanto si annichilano quasi immediatamente con gli elettroni dei gusci atomo di tessuto circostante. Con annientamento due fotoni gamma 511 keV con direzione opposta del movimento sono emessi, che sono registrati dallo scanner PET. 7,8 Per formare un tracciante, nuclidi PET possono essere legati covalentemente ad una molecola, come avviene in 2-deoxy- 2- [18 F] fluoroglucose (FDG), il PET tracciante più ampiamente utilizzato. 7 Tuttavia, un nuclide può anche formare legami di coordinazione a uno o più leganti (ad esempio, [68 Ga] -DOTATOC 9,10) o essere applicato come sali inorganici disciolti (ad esempio, [18 F] sodio fluoruro 11). Complessivamente, la struttura del tracciante è fondamentale in quanto determina il comportamento biodistribuzione, metabolismo ed escrezione. Un adatto nuclide PET deve combinare caratteristiche favorevoli come conveniente energia positrone e disponibilità così come un&#39;emivita adeguata per l&#39;indagine previsto. Il 68 Ga nuclide è diventata una forza essenziale nel campo della PET negli ultimi due decenni. 12,13 Ciò è dovuto principalmente alla sua disponibilità attraverso un sistema di generatore, che permette etichettatura sul posto indipendentemente dalle vicinanze di un ciclotrone. In un generatore, la madre nuclide 68 Ge viene assorbito su una colonna da cui figlia nuclide 68 Ga viene eluito e successivamente etichettata per un chelante adeguato. 6,14 Poiché il 68 Ga nuclide esiste come trivalent cazione proprio come Gd (III) 10,13, chelanti EOB-DTPA con 68 Ga invece produrrebbe un complesso con la stessa carica negativa complessiva come acido gadoxetico. Di conseguenza, che il 68 Ga tracciante potrebbe combinare una caratteristica simile specificità del fegato con l&#39;idoneità per l&#39;imaging PET. Sebbene l&#39;acido gadoxetico viene acquistato e somministrato come sale disodico, nel contesto seguente si farà riferimento ad esso come Gd [EOB-DTPA] e dal complesso non radioattivo Ga (III) come Ga [EOB-DTPA], o 68 Ga [ EOB-DTPA] nel caso della componente radiomarcato per motivi di convenienza. Per valutare la loro applicabilità come traccianti per PET, complessi metallici radioattivi devono essere esaminate estesamente in vitro, in vivo o ex vivo esperimenti prima. Per determinare l&#39;idoneità per un rispettivo problema medico, varie caratteristiche traccianti come comportamento biodistribuzione e profilo di liquidazione, la stabilità, la specificità degli organi e delle cellule o Tissue l&#39;assorbimento bisogno di essere indagato. A causa del loro carattere non invasivo, le determinazioni in vitro sono spesso eseguiti prima di esperimenti in vivo. È generalmente riconosciuto che DTPA e suoi derivati ​​sono limitatamente idonee come chelanti per 68 Ga causa di questi complessi privi inerzia cinetica, con conseguente decomposizione comparabilmente veloce quando somministrati in vivo. 14-20 Questo è principalmente causata da apo transferrina fungendo da concorrente per 68 Ga nel plasma. Tuttavia, abbiamo studiato questo nuovo tracciante per quanto riguarda la sua possibile applicazione nel campo dell&#39;imaging epatobiliare, in cui le informazioni di diagnostica possono essere fornite in pochi minuti dopo l&#39;iniezione 3,4,21-23, quindi non necessariamente richiedono stabilità tracciante a lungo termine. A questo scopo abbiamo isolato EOB-DTPA da acido gadoxetico e inizialmente eseguito la complessazione con Ga naturale (III), che esiste come miscela di due isotopi stabili, 69 Ga e 71 </sup&gt; Ga. Il complesso così ottenuto servito come campione non radioattivo per il seguente chelazione del 68 Ga. Abbiamo usato stabilito metodi e contemporaneamente valutato la loro idoneità per determinare l&#39;efficienza 68 Galabeling di EOB-DTPA e di indagare la lipofilia della nuova 68 Ga tracciante e la sua stabilità in diversi media.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="682">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">primovist</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Bayer</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">0.25 M</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">gallium(III) chloride</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">450898</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">water (deionized)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>&#160;tap water deionizing equipment by Auma-Tec GmbH</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">hydrochloric acid 12 M</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">20252.29</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">sodium hydroxide</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Polskie Odczynniki Chemiczne S.A.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">810925429</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">oxalic acid</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">75688</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ethyl acetate</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Brenntag GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10010447</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">silica gel</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.10832.9025</td>
			<td>Geduran Si 60 0,063-0,2 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">TLC silica gel 60 F254</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.16834.0001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">methanol</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">20903.55</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ethanol</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Brenntag GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10018366</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">eiethylether</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">23807.468</td>
			<td>stored over KOH plates</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ammonia solution (25 %)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1133.1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pH electrode</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">662-1657</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">stirring and heating unit</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Heidolph</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">505-20000-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pump</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Ilmvac GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">322002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">frit</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">custom design</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">NMR spectrometer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Bruker Coorporation</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Ultra Shield 400</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">mass spectrometer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">elemental analyser</td>
			<td>Hekatech GmbH Analysentechnik</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>EuroVector EA 3000 CHNS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:216px;">deuterated water D2O</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">euriso-top</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">D214</td>
			<td>99,90 % D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Name</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td colspan="4" height="21" style="height:21px;width:681px;">Material/Equipment required for labeling procedures</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">68Ge/68Ga generator</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">ITG Isotope Technologies Garching GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pump and dispenser system</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Scintomics GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Variosystem</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">hydrochloric acid 30 % (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.00318.1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">water (ultrapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.01262.1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">sodium chloride (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.06406.0500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">sodium acetate (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.06264.0050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">glacial acetic acid (suprapur)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.00066.0250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">sodium citrate dihydrate</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">VEB Laborchemie Apolda</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10782</td>
			<td>&#62;98.5%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PS-H+ Cartridge (S)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Macherey-Nagel</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">731867</td>
			<td>Chromafix</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">apo-Transferrin</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">T2036</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PBS&#160; buffer (tablets)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">79382</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">human serum</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">H4522</td>
			<td>from human male AB plasma</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">flasks, columns etc.</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;">custom design</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">pH electrode</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Knick Elektronische Messger&#228;te GmbH &#38; Co. KG</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">765-Set</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">binary pump (HPLC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Hewlett-Packard</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G1312A (HP 1100)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">UV Vis detector (HPLC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Hewlett-Packard</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G1315A (HP 1100)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">radioactive detector (HPLC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">EGRC Berthold</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">HPLC C-18-PFP column</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Advanced Chromatography Technologies Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ACE-1110-1503/A100528</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">HPLC glass vials</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">GTG Glastechnik Graefenroda GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">8004-HP-H/i3&#181;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pipette</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">plastic vials</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sarstedt AG &#38; Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">6542.007</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">plastic vials</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Greiner Bio-One International GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">717201</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">activimeter</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">MED Nuklear-Medizintechnik Dresden GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Isomed 2010</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">tweezers</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;">custom design</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">incubator</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Heraeus Instruments GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">51008815</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">vortex mixer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Fisons</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Whirlimixer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Heraeus Instruments GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">75003360</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">gamma well counter</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">MED Nuklear-Medizintechnik Dresden GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td>Isomed 2100</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">water for chromatography</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.15333.2500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">acetonitrile for chromatography</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1.00030.2500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">trifluoroacetic acid</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">91707</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">TLC radioactivity scanner</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">raytest Isotopenmessger&#228;te GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">B00003875</td>
			<td>equipped with beta plastic detector</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

investigations on the ga(iii) complex of eob-dtpa and its 68ga radiolabeled analogue

Abbiamo dimostrato un metodo per l&#39;isolamento di EOB-DTPA (3,6,9-triaza-3,6,9-tris (carbossimetil) -4- (etossibenzile) Acido -undecanedioic) dalla sua Gd (III) e protocolli per preparazione del suo romanzo non radioattiva, cioè, naturale Ga (III) così come radioattivo 68 complesso Ga. Il legante, nonche la Ga (III) sono stati caratterizzati mediante spettroscopia di risonanza magnetica nucleare (NMR), spettrometria di massa e analisi elementare. 68 Ga è stato ottenuto con un metodo eluizione standard da un / 68 generatore 68 Ge Ga. Gli esperimenti per valutare l&#39;efficienza di 68 Ga-etichettatura dei EOB-DTPA a pH sono stati eseguiti 3,8-4,0. tecniche di analisi stabilito la radio TLC (cromatografia su strato sottile) e HPLC della radio (cromatografia liquida ad alte prestazioni) sono stati utilizzati per determinare la purezza radiochimica del tracciante. Come prima indagine di lipofilia 68 Ga traccianti &#39;la ottanolo / acqua distributioCoefficiente di 68 specie Ga presenti in una soluzione a pH 7,4 è stato determinato mediante un metodo di estrazione. In vitro misure di stabilità del tracciante in vari media a pH fisiologico state eseguite, rivelando diversi tassi di decomposizione.

Il ligando EOB-DTPA e Ga non radioattivo (III) sono stati analizzati mediante 1 H e 13 C {1} H spettroscopia NMR, spettrometria di massa e analisi elementare. I risultati riportati in Tabella 1 e rappresentati nelle figure 1-6 verifica la purezza delle sostanze. Eluizione del generatore 68 Ge / 68 Ga ha prodotto soluzioni di 400-6...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue at JoVE.com

Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

Una procedura per l&#39;isolamento di EOB-DTPA e successiva complessazione con Ga naturale (III) e 68 Ga è presentato qui, nonché un&#39;attenta analisi di tutti i composti e ricerche sull&#39;efficienza etichettatura, la stabilità in vitro e l&#39;ottanolo / acqua coefficiente di distribuzione del complesso radiomarcato.

Indagini su GA (III) Complesso di EOB-DTPA e la sua<sup&gt; 68</sup&gt; Ga marcata radioattivamente analogico

We demonstrate a method for the isolation of EOB-DTPA (3,6,9-triaza-3,6,9-tris(carboxymethyl)-4-(ethoxybenzyl)-undecanedioic acid) from its Gd(III) ...

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JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Investigations on the Ga(III) Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

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